scholarly journals Effects of Femtocell Ultradense Deployment on Downlink Performance in LTE Heterogeneous Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Motea Saleh Al-omari ◽  
Mohammad Ahmed Alomari ◽  
Abdul Rahman Ramli ◽  
Aduwati Sali ◽  
Raja Syamsul Azmir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
High Data ◽  
User Throughput ◽  
Real Challenge ◽  
High Quality Service ◽  
Very High ◽  
Average User

With huge number of smart gadgets and wireless devices being interconnected to each other, the demand for very high data bandwidth is becoming critically challenging. With such density of nodes inside wireless networks, providing high-quality service as well as wide coverage in indoor environment is a real challenge, which is due to the limited radio frequency and intense interference between nodes. As a one way to solve such problem and improve indoor service quality, femtocells have been introduced as an extension to the existing macrocell stations. Although femtocell is a promising technology, the pervasive deployment of huge number of femtocells without very tight network planning as well as coverage strategy may worsen the problem and degrade the service quality. One important problem that needs to be addressed when deploying femtocell technology in heterogenous networks (HetNets) is mitigating the various types of cross-tier and cotier interferences in between wireless cells. This study investigates the effect of unplanned ultradensity femtocell deployment in the downlink performance of two-tier heterogeneous networks in urban area based on LTE system. Instead of deploying femtocells one by one, grids of size either ( 3 × 3 ) or ( 5 × 5 ) of neighboring femtocell will be deployed inside each macrocell sector area. The simulation results show that femtocell deployment improves overall average user throughput in case of low and medium density scenarios. However, for ultradensity scenario, there is no enhancement in terms of fairness and throughput. The results confirm that this leads to high degradation for macrocell and femtocell user performance due to the severe interference between macrocells and femtocells, as well as among neighboring femtocells in each grid.

scholarly journals Stochastic Geometry Analysis and Additional Small Cell Deployment for HetNets Affected by Hot Spots

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan E ◽  
Xiaoli Chu
Keyword(s):  
Hot Spots ◽  
Stochastic Geometry ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Original Network ◽  
User Throughput ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Geometry Analysis ◽  
Very High ◽  
Average User

Hot spots (HSs) of mobile users that were not expected in the original network planning may occur after a heterogeneous network (HetNet) has been deployed and affect the network performance. In this case, deploying additional small cells on top of the existing HetNet without changing the existing network infrastructure is considered as a solution. In this paper, we first provide a stochastic geometry analysis for a HetNet affected by a large HS and for the additional small cells that need to be deployed based on the spatial bivariate Poisson point process. The optimal numbers of additional small cells required in the HS and non-HS areas are obtained by minimizing the difference between the numbers of macrocell users after and before the HS occurs based on the analytical results. We then propose an algorithm to maximize the average user throughput by jointly optimizing the locations of additional small cells and user associations of all cells. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can maintain the average user throughput above a threshold with excellent fairness among all users even for a very high density of HS users.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Wi-Fi Offloading and Cooperation in Small-Cell Network

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1493
Author(s):  
Ayesha Ayub ◽  
Sobia Jangsher ◽  
M. Majid Butt ◽  
Abdur Rahman Maud ◽  
Farrukh A. Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Small Cell ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Effective Capacity ◽  
Rate Enhancement ◽  
Cell Network ◽  
Small Cell Network ◽  
User Throughput ◽  
Average User ◽  
Cell Cooperation

Small cells deliver cost-effective capacity and coverage enhancement in a cellular network. In this work, we present the interplay of two technologies, namely Wi-Fi offloading and small-cell cooperation that help in achieving this goal. Both these technologies are also being considered for 5G and B5G (Beyond 5G). We simultaneously consider Wi-Fi offloading and small-cell cooperation to maximize average user throughput in the small-cell network. We propose two heuristic methods, namely Sequential Cooperative Rate Enhancement (SCRE) and Sequential Offloading Rate Enhancement (SORE) to demonstrate cooperation and Wi-Fi offloading, respectively. SCRE is based on cooperative communication in which a user data rate requirement is satisfied through association with multiple small-cell base stations (SBSs). However, SORE is based on Wi-Fi offloading, in which users are offloaded to the nearest Wi-Fi Access Point and use its leftover capacity when they are unable to satisfy their rate constraint from a single SBS. Moreover, we propose an algorithm to switch between the two schemes (cooperation and Wi-Fi offloading) to ensure maximum average user throughput in the network. This is called the Switching between Cooperation and Offloading (SCO) algorithm and it switches depending upon the network conditions. We analyze these algorithms under varying requirements of rate threshold, number of resource blocks and user density in the network. The results indicate that SCRE is more beneficial for a sparse network where it also delivers relatively higher average data rates to cell-edge users. On the other hand, SORE is more advantageous in a dense network provided sufficient leftover Wi-Fi capacity is available and more users are present in the Wi-Fi coverage area.

scholarly journals E-Service Quality dan E-Promotion Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen pada Website Traveloka.com

Competitive ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Aditia Sovia Pramudita ◽  
Rahayu Eka Agustia
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Quantitative Design ◽  
Service Purchasing ◽  
Very High

E-Commerce has a very high growth rate which the needs of quickly and precisely are the main target in the e-commerce business. This study aims to determine how consumers respond to the implementation of e-service quality website, e-promotion website which leads into consumer purchasing decisions at Traveloka using a descriptive quantitative design with data collection techniques through a questionnaire. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the effect of website e-service quality and website e-promotion on service purchasing decisions at Traveloka is positive and significant. The influence of e-service quality website and e-promotion website on purchasing decisions at Traveloka is 23%. While the rest is influenced by variables not included in this study.

scholarly journals Kepuasan Konsumen Sunyi House of Coffee and Hope

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-260
Author(s):  
Berliana Adinda Lorenssa ◽  
Miguna Astuti ◽  
Renny Husniati
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Coffee Shop ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Employees With Disabilities ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Very High

In this research there is a quantitative descriptive methods were used with respondents, namely consumers of Sunyi House of Coffee and Hope. This coffee shop has employees with disabilities. In this research aims to determine the condition of consumer satisfaction Sunyi House of Coffee and Hope is influenced by the service quality, location and facilities. The population in this study are customers of Sunyi House of Coffee and Hope. Samples taken as many as 100 respondents by random sampling method. Data collection was done through the distribution of questionnaires with descriptive data analysis techniques. The results of the study stated that 1). Has led to customer satisfaction Sunyi House of Coffee and Hope, 2). Service quality has been done well, 3). The location offered received very high attention, 4). The facilities provided are quite good. Keywords : Service Quality, Location, Facilities, Customer Satisfaction, Coffee Shop

scholarly journals Performance Improvement of Ultra Wideband Multiple Access Modulation System using a new Optimal Pulse Shape

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
V. Goyal ◽  
B. S. Dhaliwal
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Pulse Shape ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Rake Receiver ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
High Data ◽  
Very High

Ultra-wideband (UWB) uses very low energy levels to transfer data at very high data rate and bandwidth. An optimal and correct choice of transmission pulse shape is an important criterion in this technology. In this paper, we will present an approach for the generation of an optimal pulse shape with the optimal generation of pulse shape values that can provide effective results when transmitted using multiple access modulation technique over a multipath channel and received by a RAKE type receiver. The bit error analysis of constructed model is also given using Ideal Rake, selective RAKE, and partial RAKE receiver configurations.

A Total Quality Management Research on the Portman Ritz Carlton Shanghai

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 4582-4587
Author(s):  
Si Yu Peng
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Total Quality Management ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Quality Service ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Customer Expectations ◽  
Customer Delight ◽  
High Quality Service

In the hospitality industry, customers are seen as the key driving a business’s survival and success. The industry is therefore highly competitive and much more aware of the provision of quality service to meet customer expectations. Since hotel businesses are providing similar superior facilities among competitors in the market, service quality has been considered as the first priority and essential part of the organisational culture, making today’s businesses more concerned with delighting their customers than simply satisfying them [1]. Consequently, Total Quality Management (TQM) is becoming a widely used business management strategy within the hospitality industry. The intent of this essay focuses on the issue of service quality with the selected hotel - The Portman Ritz Carlton, Shanghai. It will first introduce TQM theory and then discuss how the approach helps to generate and maintain high quality service to achieve “customer delight”.

The PULSER II view towards very high data rate OFDM based UWB systems

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedbert Berens ◽  
Emil Dimitrov ◽  
Thomas Kaiser ◽  
Antti Anttonen ◽  
Amir Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Rate ◽  
High Data Rate ◽  
High Data ◽  
Very High

Viterbi Decoder in Hardware

2018 ◽  
pp. 6307-6318
Author(s):  
Mário Pereira Véstias
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Viterbi Algorithm ◽  
Viterbi Decoder ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Decoding ◽  
High Data ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Trellis Decoding ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Viterbi Decoders ◽  
Very High

Trellis decoding is used to recover encoded information that was corrupted during transmission over a noisy channel. The Viterbi algorithm is the most well known trellis-based maximum likelihood decoding algorithm. The Viterbi algorithm is executed by a Viterbi decoder. Different hardware solutions may be considered to implement a Viterbi decoder with different design requirements in terms of area, performance, power consumption, among others. The most appropriate solution depends on the metric requirements of the application as well as on the target technology. Properties of the Viterbi algorithm are used to simplify and improve the architecture of the Viterbi decoder. In particular, statistical properties of the Viterbi algorithm are used to design parallel Viterbi decoders with very high data decoding rates. The article focuses on the implementation of a Viterbi decoder in hardware, including optimizations to improve the area and performance.

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