scholarly journals Chest X-Ray Findings in COVID-19 Patients Presenting to Primary Care during the Peak of the First Wave of the Pandemic in Qatar: Their Association with Clinical and Laboratory Findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Abdelwahed Abougazia ◽  
Ahmed Alnuaimi ◽  
Amal Mahran ◽  
Tamer Ali ◽  
Ahmed Khedr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain

When managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, radiological imaging complements clinical evaluation and laboratory parameters. We aimed to assess the sensitivity of chest radiography findings in detecting COVID-19, describe those findings, and assess the association of positive chest radiography findings with clinical and laboratory findings. A multicentre, cross-sectional study was conducted involving all primary health care corporation-registered patients (2485 patients) enrolled over a 1-month period during the peak of the 2020 pandemic wave in Qatar. These patients had reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 and underwent chest radiography within 72 hours of the swab test. A positive result on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was the gold standard for diagnosing COVID-19. The sensitivity of chest radiography was calculated. The airspace opacities were mostly distributed in the peripheral and lower lung zones, and most of the patients had bilateral involvement. Pleural effusion was detected in some cases. The risk of having positive chest X-ray findings increased with age, Southeast Asian nationality, fever, or a history of fever and diarrhoea. Patients with cardiac disease, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease were at a higher risk of having positive chest X-ray findings. There was a statistically significant increase in the mean serum albumin, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and serum C-reactive protein, hepatic enzymes, and total bilirubin with an increase in the radiographic severity score.

scholarly journals Chest X-Ray in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection: Findings and Correlation with Clinical Outcome at Level-3 Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital Kohalpur

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Shyam Kumar BK ◽  
Sumit Pandey ◽  
Nabin Poudel ◽  
Sandesh Pandit ◽  
Alok Kumar Sah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Introduction: At the end of 2019 a novel virus, named SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), expanded globally from China. A new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified as the cause of this outbreak of viral pneumonia that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Aims: The aim of this study is to find out the chest radiological features of corona virus disease patients and correlate them with clinical outcome. Methods: This is a Hospital based study involving patients with clinical-epidemiological aspect of all reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) corona virus disease (COVID-19) positive patients, who performed Chest X-Rays at the emergency department of Nepalgunj Medical College, Teaching Hospital from March to June, 2020. All patients performed reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from nasopharyngeal and throat swab, Chest X-Ray at the Emergency Department and clinical-epidemiological data. Results: Patients with a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive results for corona virus disease infection were 32 out of these, 22 were females (68.75%) and 10 males (31.25%), with a mean age of 40.78 years (range 20–74 years). Only 2 Chest X-Rays were negative for radiological thoracic involvement (6.25%).  The following alterations were more commonly observed among 30 patients: 18 patients with lung consolidations (56.25%), 19 (59.37%) with Ground Glass Opacities, 7 (21.87%) with nodules and 21 (65.6%) with reticular–nodular opacities. Patients with consolidations and Ground Glass Opacities coexisting in the same radiography were 34.37% of total. In reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive patients, we found also signs nonspecific for corona virus disease pneumonia as hilar or vascular congestion (37.5%), cardiomegaly (28.12%), pleural effusion (15.6%) and pneumothorax (3.12%). Peripheral (56.25%) and lower zone distribution (56.25%) were the most common predominance. Bilateral involvement (68.75%) was most frequent than unilateral one. Given the results, baseline Chest X-Rays sensitivity in our experience is about 65.62%. Conclusion: In this study, COVID-19 CXRs generally manifested a spectrum of pure ground glass, mixed ground glass opacities to consolidation in bilateral peripheral middle and lower lung zones. BSTI CXR reporting classification of COVID-19 is valid and sensitive in our patients with addition of middle zonal involvement in classical COVID-19 criteria as opposed to just lower zone involvement.

A cross-sectional study of Leishmania spp. infection in clinically healthy dogs with polymerase chain reaction and serology in Greece

2002 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonidas S Leontides ◽  
Manolis N Saridomichelakis ◽  
Charalambos Billinis ◽  
Vasilios Kontos ◽  
Alexander F Koutinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Headache associated with COVID-19: Frequency, characteristics and association with anosmia and ageusia

Cephalalgia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (13) ◽  
pp. 1443-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Augusto Sampaio Rocha-Filho ◽  
João Eudes Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Intensity ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objectives To assess the frequency and characteristics of headache in patients with COVID-19 and whether there is an association between headache and anosmia and ageusia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Consecutive patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique, were assessed by neurologists. Results Seventy-three patients were included in the study, 63% were male; the median age was 58 years (IQR: 47–66). Forty-seven patients (64.4%) reported headaches, which had most frequently begun on the first day of symptoms, were bilateral (94%), presenting severe intensity (53%) and a migraine phenotype (51%). Twelve patients (16.4%) presented with headache triggered by coughing. Eleven (15%) patients reported a continuous headache. Twenty-eight patients (38.4%) presented with anosmia and 29 (39.7%) with ageusia. Patients who reported hyposmia/anosmia and/or hypogeusia/ageusia experienced headache more frequently than those without these symptoms (OR: 5.39; 95% CI:1.66–17.45; logistic regression). Patients with anosmia and ageusia presented headache associated with phonophobia more often compared to those with headache without these complaints (Chi-square test; p < 0.05). Headache associated with COVID-19 presented a migraine phenotype more frequently in those experiencing previous migraine ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Headaches associated with COVID-19 are frequent, are generally severe, diffuse, present a migraine phenotype and are associated with anosmia and ageusia.

scholarly journals Identification of Dextran and Sludge–Producing Bacteria in Sugar Cane Juices Using Polymerase Chain Reaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1337-1341
Author(s):  
Farzam Latifi ◽  
Sirous Chehrazi ◽  
Hossein Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chemical Washing ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Main Factor

ABSTRACT: The microbial contamination due to cane sugar transition to the mills is one of the most important factors in increasing sugar lesions in the factory. This study was aimed to isolate dextran-producing bacteria and determine their genus and species. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in year 2014. For this purpose, 200 samples were collected from sugarcane syrups, and then cultured as pourplate and surface. The bacteria were counted and the DNA extracted from the purified bacteria according to the kit protocol. Then, determination of the genus and species of dextran-producing bacteria was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Data obtained from biochemical, microbial and PCR showed that around 80 strains of leuconostoc have been detected in samples. The results of this study indicate that leuconostoc mesenteroides is the main factor in the production of dextran in sugarcane and beet manufactories. The above mentioned contamination sources can be minimized by reducing the transfer time of burned sugarcane to the factory, as well as the regular physical and chemical washing of the mills.

scholarly journals Favipiravir-based regimen for coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia for a 47-day-old male newborn

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2096404
Author(s):  
Visal Moolasart ◽  
Jurai Wongsawat ◽  
Priyanut Phokhom ◽  
Varaporn Thienthong
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Clinical Sign ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infected Mother ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in the newborn is a difficult-to-treat condition. Early clinical signs of pneumonia are nonspecific and present as respiratory distress of varying severity, and tachypnea is a predominant clinical sign. A 47-day-old, asymptomatic male newborn of coronavirus disease 2019 infected mother tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. During hospitalization, he developed progressive tachypnea, tachycardia, and chest radiography abnormalities, and was diagnosed as coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia. He was treated with favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir. A favipiravir- based regimen may be the drug of choice for coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia in the newborn.

scholarly journals Assessment of Adenosine Deaminase Level and the Utility of Polymerase Chain Reaction in Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleural Effusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
A Nagila ◽  
S Khanal ◽  
N Dhakal ◽  
M Bhatta ◽  
B K Tamrakar
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is one of the major causes of exudative pleural effusion. The paucibacillary nature of effusion suggests the need of markers and methodologies for accurate diagnosis and prognosis of tuberculosis as well as to differentiate it from other non-tubercular causes of pleural effusion.Objectives: This study was focused to evaluate the utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in detection of tuberculosis antigen and to assess the level of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) in tubercular pleural effusion (TPE) and contrast it with other causes.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study where 100 samples of pleural effusion suspected to be tuberculosis were analyzed by PCR for the detection of IS6110 segment of DNA. The level of ADA was then determined and compared in both PCR positive and negative samples. The cut-off value of ADA was >40 U/L for TPE. Student t test was applied to compare the means with statistical significance set at p<0.05.Results: Out of 100 samples analyzed, 45% were positive for TPE and remaining 55% were non-tuberculosis pleural effusion as detected by PCR. The level of ADA was above cut-off (>40 U/L) in 43% TPE samples whereas all the non-tuberculosis effusion had ADA <40 U/L (p<0.001).Conclusion: The ADA level was significantly higher in TPE than in non-tuberculosis cases, and PCR was able to detect suspected cases of tuberculosis effusion in almost half of the cases. This finding suggests the diagnostic utility of combined use of ADA and PCR in diagnosis of TPE. J-GMC-N | Volume 11 | Issue 01 | January-June 2018, Page: 5-9

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Bacterial Etiologies Causing Otitis Media with Effusion among Omani Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Sibani
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Ear Effusion ◽  
Children Under 5

Objectives Our main objective was to determine the prevalence of bacterial etiologies of Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) among Omani children as well as to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility to penicillins. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 28 Omani children under 5 years of age with OME. The Middle Ear Effusion (MEE) was sent for direct culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Out of 38 MEE, 8(21.1%) showed growth on direct culture. The majority of bacteria were sensitive to penicillin. 17 (44.7%) samples were positive using PCR with 5 (29.4%) of them had more than one positive pathogen. The detection rates for H. Influenzae, M. catarrhalis and S. pnemoniae were 31.6%, 18.4% and 10.5% respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of bacteria causing otitis media with effusion among Omani children was not different than the rates reported worldwide however the order of the most common ones differs slightly. Keywords: Otitis media with effusion; Bacteria; Polymerase Chain Reaction.

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