scholarly journals Mixed Cutaneous Infection Caused by Leishmania and Dermatophytes: A Rare Coincidence or Immunological Fact

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amresh Kumar Singh ◽  
Ankur Kumar ◽  
Jayesh Pandey ◽  
Vivek Gaur ◽  
Pratima Tripathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Leishmaniasis was first described in 1824, in the Jessore district of Bengal (now Bangladesh) and more prevalent in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and West Bengal. The disease is associated with depressed cellular immunity. Tinea is a fungal infection of the skin, which can become more extensively pathogenic particularly in patients with depressed cell-mediated immunity. Regulatory T cells and Th17 cells have been shown to be responsible for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). We present a rare case of a 52-year-old house wife with a history of recurrent itching, depigmentation of the skin of extremities, and loss of appetite for 2-3 months followed by progressive spread of such lesion all over the body in an apparently healthy female. On examination, there were many hypopigmented scaly lesions mainly over the extensor aspect of the body. Skin lesions were characteristics of tinea infection with or without PKDL. A diagnosis of PKDL with tinea was made based on the history of kala-azar and on the skin slit smear for amastigote forms, rK39 test, and KOH mount. Routine blood investigations showed negative serology for HIV and lower normal CD4+T counts. The patient was advised for treatment on systemic antifungal therapy with antihistaminics and later with miltefosine. We have highlighted that PKDL, although uncommon, is a distinct manifestation of VL. In our case study, we also tried to find the reason of coinfection; this was probably due to the depressed cellular immunity, skin abruptions, and acquired dermatophytic infection which is prevalent and associated with lower CD4+ T cell count.

scholarly journals Characteristics of children with leprosy: Factors associated with delay in disease diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Joydeepa Darlong ◽  
Karthikeyan Govindasamy ◽  
Amrita Daniel
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Migration

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to characterize the clinical profile of childhood leprosy presenting at tertiary leprosy care hospitals in the states of Bihar, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh in India, and to determine the possible risk factors associated with disabilities at presentation. Methods: Subjects were children with newly diagnosed leprosy registered for treatment at tertiary Leprosy Mission Hospitals in Muzaffarpur (Bihar), Purulia (West Bengal) and Faizabad (Uttar Pradesh), India, between June and December 2019. Demographic and leprosy characteristics were collected at the time of diagnosis. Parents/guardians were interviewed on reasons for delay in presenting at the hospital. Associations between various factors and delay in diagnosis were assessed. Results: Among the 84 children, the mean (SD) age was 10 (3) years with a range of 4–14 years. There were more boys (58%) and most children were currently in school (93%), resident in rural areas (90%) and belonged to a lower socioeconomic status (68%). More children were diagnosed with multibacillary leprosy (69%), one-third of them being skin smear positive for Mycobacterium leprae. On presentation, 17% had deformity (5% grade 1 deformity and 12% grade 2), 29% had nerve involvement and skin lesions were spread across the body in half of the children. Mean (SD) duration of delay was 10.5 (9.8) months. Delayed presentation was more in boys (43% vs. 17%; P = 0.01), those without a history of migration for work compared to those who had a history of migration (40% vs. 9%; P = 0.008) and in those children who were from a poor economic status compared with those that came from a better economic status (44% vs. 7%; P = 0.001) Limitations: Because our study was conducted at tertiary care hospitals, the findings are not representative of the situation in the field. Furthermore, a comparison group of newly diagnosed adult leprosy patients with disability could have been included in the study. Conclusion: Childhood leprosy continues to occur in endemic pockets in India and a substantial number present with skin smear positivity and deformity. Guardians of these children cite many reasons for the delay in presentation.

scholarly journals Transmission experiments with Chinese Kala Azar

1927 ◽  
Vol 102 (713) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Open Wound ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Trypanosoma Lewisi ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Intraperitoneal Inoculation

In the course of our experiments on the development of flagellates in sandflies fed on animals infected with Chinese Kala Azar (Patton & Hindle, 1927), numerous attempts were made to infect hamsters by means of these insects. The life-history of the flagellate in Phlebotomies major , in which insect there is a rapid growth of the parasites towards the anterior part of the alimentary canal, ending with infection of the mouth parts, strongly suggests that the parasite is transmitted by the bite of an infected fly, consequently many of our experiments consisted in feeding sandflies on infected animals and subsequently on normal ones. The possibility of other methods of infection was kept in mind, however, and on the analogy of Trypanosoma lewisi in the rat flea, attempts were made to infect animals by feeding them with sandflies containing flagellates, as it is conceivable that the infection may reach the body through the alimen­tary canal. In addition infection might be produced by parasites, set free by crushing the insect, entering the body either by means of the open wound caused by the bite of the fly, or through an excoriated part of the skin. The results of preliminary experiments with culture flagellates (Hindle & Patton, 1926) showed that, although the hamster could be readily infected by intraperitoneal inoculation of these forms, the subcutaneous and percutaneous methods of infection succeeded only occasionally. From these experiments one would not expect the bite of an infected sandfly to produce infection except in rare cases, for obviously the parasites are only introduced subcutaneously when the insect feeds, and therefore, in most instances, the contents of infected flies were inoculated intraperitoneally into hamsters in order to see whether the flagellates were infective or not. Most of our experiments in 1926 were made with Phlebotomussergenti , which is not such a favourable host as P. major var. chinensis , and in view of the fact that flagellates were never observed in the pharynx of the former species, it is not surprising that all feeding experiments gave negative results. P. major has a comparatively short season, and the few experiments we were able to perform are not sufficient to indicate the efficiency of this species as a carrier.

Anterior fracture dislocation of the odontoid peg in ankylosing spondylitis as a cause for rhinolalia clausa: a case study

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Hilton ◽  
P Tassone ◽  
J Hanif ◽  
B Blagnys
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fracture Dislocation ◽  
Nasal Airways ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

AbstractWe present an unusual cause of rhinolalia clausa secondary to an oropharyngeal mass. A 69-year-old male presented to the otorhinolaryngology clinic with a one year history of a ‘plummy’ voice. He had a longstanding history of severe ankylosing spondylitis. Examination revealed an obvious hyponasal voice and a smooth hard mass in the midline of the posterior nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal walls. Subsequent computed tomography scans and lateral plain neck X-ray showed a fracture dislocation of the odontoid peg, secondary to ankylosing spondylitis, which had eroded through the body of the C1 vertebra to lie anteriorly, resulting in the aforementioned impression into the pharyngeal mucosa. The radiological images, the role of the nasal airways in phonation and the causes of hyponasal speech are discussed.

scholarly journals EMOTION, BODIES, SEXUALITY, AND SEX EDUCATION IN EDWARDIAN ENGLAND

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERA COOK
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
The Body ◽  
History Of Emotion ◽  
Cultural Mores ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Cognitive Experience

ABSTRACTThe history of emotion has focused on cognition and social construction, largely disregarding the centrality of the body to emotional experience. This case-study reveals that a focus on corporeal experience and emotion enables a deeper understanding of cultural mores and of transmission to the next generation, which is fundamental to the process of change. In 1914, parents in Dronfield, Derbyshire, attempted to get the headmistress of their school removed because she had taught their daughters sex education. Why did sex education arouse such intense distress in the mothers, born mainly in the 1870s? Examination of their embodied, sensory, and cognitive experience of reproduction and sexuality reveals the rational, experiential basis to their emotional responses. Their own socialization as children informed how they trained their ‘innocent’ children to be sexually reticent. Experience of birth and new ideas relating disease to hygiene reinforced their fears. The resulting negative conception of sexuality explains why the mothers embraced the suppression of sexuality and believed their children should be protected from sexual knowledge. As material pressures lessened, women's emotional responses lightened over decades. The focus on emotion reveals changes that are hard to trace in other evidence.

scholarly journals Pentecostalising the Voice in Zambian Charismatic Church History: Men of God’s Expression of Spiritual Identities, 1990 to Present

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Mwale ◽  
Joseph Chita
Keyword(s):  
Church History ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spiritual Identity ◽  
Vocal Cords ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Religious Landscape ◽  
Over Time

The strides to historicise Pentecostalism in Zambia have attempted to account for the growth of Pentecostal and charismatic churches without delving into the prominent features of Pentecostalism that have been popularised over time. One such characteristic is the “spiritual voice” that has been associated with the Pentecostal “Men of God” (clergy) in contemporary Zambia. Hence, this article explores the use of the voice as the power of articulation, understood as a spiritual vocal gift, as an expression of spiritual identity among the “Men of God” using the identity theory as a lens in Zambian Pentecostal church history. This is deemed significant not only for contributing to the body of knowledge but also to underscore the neglected attribute of Pentecostal influence on Zambia’s religious landscape. An interpretivist case study was employed in which raw data (video of sermons and pastoral ministries) and documents were analysed and interpreted. It was established that these “Men of God” perceived “broken vocal cords” as spiritual vocal gifts. As such, the voice not only evoked the power of articulation to communicate the spiritual emotions, but was also used to appeal, attract, and satisfy congregants (religious marketing) through assuming a ministerial “identity.” The article argues that the history of Pentecostalism in Zambia could not be detached from the romanticisation of the voice as a symbol of spirituality, and an imprint of identity on the “Men of God.”

scholarly journals A CASE STUDY ON MANAGEMENT OF ERYTHRODERMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1131-1135
Author(s):  
Prasanna N Mogasale ◽  
Radhika. C ◽  
Nagaraj S
Keyword(s):  
Western Medicine ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Exfoliative Dermatitis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Total Remission ◽  
Therapy Treatment

Erythroderma also known as generalized Exfoliative dermatitis which refers to a scaling involving 90% or more of the cutaneous surface. Clinicians are challenged to find the cause of exfoliative dermatitis by eliciting history of illness prior to erythema. Patients presenting acutely with exfoliative dermatitis often require admission because their total body functions can require monitoring. In western medicine, the principle management is to maintain skin moisture, avoid scratching, apply topical steroids; prolonged glucocorticoids therapy often is needed. From Ayurvedic perspective it could be correlated to Eka Kusta. Eka Kusta is the Vata Kapha Pradhana Vikara. Where skin lesions are Mahavastu, Masthyashaklopamam, Krisha Aruna in Varna. Here presenting a case of 48 years old female with erythroderma who was on long- term steroidal therapy. Treatment was planned with Shamana line of management based on her Bala. The treatment is carried out for one and half month in OPD and IPD section, all the western medicine was stopped and there was total remission of symptoms with Shamana Aushadhis. Keywords: Erythroderma, Eka Kusta, Shamana Aushadhis

scholarly journals A case of Trixacarus caviae mange in a guinea pig (Caviaporcellus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. PERRAKI (Μ. ΠΕΡΡΑΚΗ) ◽  
M. SARIDOMICHELAKIS (Μ. ΣΑΡΙΔΟΜΙΧΕΛΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
C. KOUTINAS (X. ΚΟΥΤΙΝΑΣ) ◽  
A. KOUTINAS (Α. ΚΟΥΤΙΝΑΣ) ◽  
M. PAPAZACHARIADOU (Μ. ΠΑΠΑΖΑΧΑΡΙΑΔΟΥ)
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Superficial Skin ◽  
Animal Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pruritic Skin

A male, peruvian, 1.5-years old, guinea pig {Cavia porcellus) was admitted to the Clinic of Companion Animal Medicine with a history of intensively pruritic skin lesions lasting for the past two months. Physical examination disclosed hypotrichosis, erythema, hyperpigmentation, scales, crusts, ulcers and papules in a focal to diffuse pattern on both the dorsal and ventral aspects of the body trunk. Whenever the handling of the animal was attempted, it started vocalizing, cycling and rolling in a frenzy manner. Pruritic papules were also observed on some parts of the glabrous skin of the owner. The diagnosis of Trixacarus caviae mange was based on the observation of the parasite in superficial skin scrapings. The subcutaneous administration of three weekly ivermectin injections, at the dose of 0.4 mg/Kg BW, resulted in the disappearance of the lesions and pruritus within a six-week period.

TALL HISTORIES: HEIGHT AND GEORGIAN MASCULINITIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 79-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

ABSTRACTHeight is rarely taken seriously by historians. Demographic and archaeological studies tend to explore height as a symptom of health and nutrition, rather than in its own right, and cultural studies of the human body barely study it at all. Its absence from the history of gender is surprising, given that it has historically been discussed within a highly gendered moral language. This paper therefore explores height through the lens of masculinity and focuses on the eighteenth century, when height took on a peculiar cultural significance in Britain. On the one hand, height could be associated with social status, political power and ‘polite’ refinement. On the other, it could connote ambition, militarism, despotism, foreignness and even castration. The article explores these themes through a case-study of John Montagu, earl of Sandwich, who was famously tall and was frequently caricatured as such. As well as exploring representations of the body, the paper also considers corporeal experiences and biometric realities of male height. It argues that histories of masculinity should study both representations of gender and their physical manifestations.

scholarly journals AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF KITIBHA KUSHTA W.S.R TO PSORIASIS – A SUCCESSFUL CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1151
Author(s):  
Shwetambika Shwetambika ◽  
Shaila Borannavar ◽  
Ananta S Desai
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Emotional Wellbeing ◽  
Chronic Skin

Skin being the largest organ of the body is the reason behind the beauty and cause for confidence. Chronic skin conditions adversely affect one’s physical, functional and emotional wellbeing, thereby causing negative impact on one’s own quality of life. Due to altered lifestyle, lack of physical exercise, unhygienic, mental stress, overeating, nutrition deficiency, skin diseases are commonly observed. WHO has classified skin diseases as a Psycho-cutaneous disease. Materials & Methods 29 year old male was diagnosed with a KitibhaKushta with a clinical feature of flaky reddish white elevated skin lesions over a B/L lower limb associated with severe itching sensation and peeling of the skin since 4 years, has been treated with classical Virechanakarma (Purgation) along with Shamanaushadhis (Oral medicines). Results: After the course of treatment the patient noticed significant relief in signs and symptoms and worth documenting. Conclusion: Kitibha Kushta though it is difficult to manage, but if proper diagnosis is made at proper time many complication can be avoided. In this case study, we found significant results in signs and symptoms with Virechana followed by Shamanoushadhi and Rasayana karma. By this we conclude that various Panchakarma procedures especially Virechana Karma and internal medicines can be the best option in its management. Keywords: Virechana Karma, Kitibha Kushta, Psoriasis

THE ROLE OF LAVANGCHATUHSAMACHURNA IN MANAGEMENT OF UDARSHOOL (ABDOMINAL PAIN) DISEASE IN CHILDERN – A CASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
Prasad Pradip Maske ◽  
Mosim Momin ◽  
Deepak Khawale
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Excessive Crying ◽  
Colicky Pain ◽  
The Common ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Udarshool is one of the common prevalent disease is in pediatric age Abdominal group .it is defined as pain in children is dened as, atleast three episodes of pain that at least 3 months and affects the child's ability to perform normal activities.Udarshool can be correlated with Abdominal pain as both the terminology have similar feature like , ( stanamvyudasyate Refusal of feed), Rauti (Excessive crying), Udarsthabdhata (Abdominal distension), Mukhasweda(Sweating over face),Shaityam ( . Cold extrimities).ect We are discussing here a case report of 7 years old male child having history of Udarshool for last 15 days . he came to us with complaint of loss of appetite, Abdominal distention and pain , poor intake ,bowel irritability .since last 4days. Generally he got relief from morden medicine , but this time symptoms reoccur after 7days. He was treated with ayurvedic medicine which gave effective result from the day of treatment. In a search of new potent option, is in the management of udarshool (colicky pain) in children. there drugs Lavangchatuhsama Churna when used in the management of give long lasting effect with minimal or no side effect.

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