scholarly journals Noncontact ECG Monitoring by Capacitive Coupling of Textiles in a Chair

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Po-Cheng Su ◽  
Ya-Hsin Hsueh ◽  
Ming-Ta Ke ◽  
Jyun-Jhe Chen ◽  
Ping-Chen Lai
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Capacitive Coupling ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Heart Activity ◽  
Textile Electrodes ◽  
Conductive Textile ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
T Waves

Some patients are uncomfortable with being wired to a device to have their heart activity measured. Accordingly, this study adopts a noncontact electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement system using coupled capacitance in a conductive textile. The textiles can be placed on a chair and are able to record some of the patient’s heart data. Height and distance between the conductive textile electrodes were influential when trying to obtain an optimal ECG signal. A soft and highly conductive textile was used as the electrode, and clothing was regarded as capacitance insulation. The conductive textile and body were treated as the two electrode plates. This study found that placing the two conductive textiles at the same height provided better data than different heights. The system also enabled identifying the P, Q, R, S, and T waves of the ECG signal and eliminated unnecessary noise successfully.

System for Continuous and Prolonged Ambulatory ECG Monitoring with Hosting and Visualization on the Cloud

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Daniel Cuevas-González ◽  
Juan Pablo García-Vázquez ◽  
Miguel Bravo-Zanoguera ◽  
Roberto López-Avitia ◽  
Marco A. Reyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Ambulatory Ecg ◽  
Ambulatory Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Small File

In this paper, we propose investigating the ability to integrate a portable Electrocardiogram (ECG) device to commercial platforms to analyze and visualize information hosted in the cloud. Our ECG system based on the ADX8232 microchip was evaluated regarding its performance of recordings of a synthetic ECG signal for periods of 1, 2, 12, 24, and 36 h on six different cloud services to investigate whether it maintains reliable ECG records. Our results show that there are few cloud services capable of 24 h or longer ECG recordings. But some existing services are limited to small file sizes of less than 1,000,000 lines or 100 MB, or approximately 45 min of an ECG recording at a sampling rate of 360 Hz, making it difficult an extended time monitoring. Cloud platforms reveal some limitations of storage and visualization in order to provide support to health care specialists to access information related to a patient at any time.

scholarly journals Fractal Based Analysis of the Influence of Odorants on Heart Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Namazi ◽  
Vladimir V. Kulish
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Approximate Entropy ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Heart Activity ◽  
Heart Research ◽  
Olfactory Stimuli ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

Abstract An important challenge in heart research is to make the relation between the features of external stimuli and heart activity. Olfactory stimulation is an important type of stimulation that affects the heart activity, which is mapped on Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. Yet, no one has discovered any relation between the structures of olfactory stimuli and the ECG signal. This study investigates the relation between the structures of heart rate and the olfactory stimulus (odorant). We show that the complexity of the heart rate is coupled with the molecular complexity of the odorant, where more structurally complex odorant causes less fractal heart rate. Also, odorant having higher entropy causes the heart rate having lower approximate entropy. The method discussed here can be applied and investigated in case of patients with heart diseases as the rehabilitation purpose.

scholarly journals An approach of adaptive notch filtering design for electrocardiogram noise cancellation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1303
Author(s):  
Rahmad Hidayat ◽  
Ninik Sri Lestari ◽  
Herawati Herawati ◽  
Givy Devira Ramady ◽  
Sudarmanto Sudarmanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Notch Filter ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Least Mean Square ◽  
Heart Activity ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Biomedical Signal ◽  
Nlms Algorithm ◽  
Digital Notch Filter ◽  
Notch Filtering ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a means of measuring and monitoring important signals from heart activity. One of the major biomedical signal issues such as ECG is the issue of separating the desired signal from noise or interference. Different kinds of digital filters are used to distinguish the signal components from the unwanted frequency range to the ECG signal. To address the question of noise to the ECG signal, in this paper the digital notch filter IIR 47 Hz is designed and simulated to demonstrate the elimination of 47 Hz noise to obtain an accurate ECG signal. The full architecture of the structure and coefficient of the IIR notch filter was carried out using the FDA Tool. Then the model is finished with the help of Simulink and the MATLAB script was to filter out the 47 Hz noise from the signal of ECG. For this purpose, the normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithm was used. The results indicate that before being filtered and after being filtered it clearly shows the elimination of 47 Hz noise in the signal of the ECG. These results also show the accuracy of the design technique and provide an easy model to filter out noise in the ECG signal.

scholarly journals Textile Electrocardiogram (ECG) Electrodes for Wearable Health Monitoring

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katya Arquilla ◽  
Andrea Webb ◽  
Allison Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
High Data ◽  
Textile Electrodes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

Wearable health-monitoring systems should be comfortable, non-stigmatizing, and able to achieve high data quality. Smart textiles with electronic elements integrated directly into fabrics offer a way to embed sensors into clothing seamlessly to serve these purposes. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring with sewn textile electrodes instead of traditional gel electrodes in a 3-lead, chest-mounted configuration. The textile electrodes are sewn with silver-coated thread in an overlapping zig zag pattern into an inextensible fabric. Sensor validation included ECG monitoring and comfort surveys with human subjects, stretch testing, and wash cycling. The electrodes were tested with the BIOPAC MP160 ECG data acquisition module. Sensors were placed on 8 subjects (5 males and 3 females) with double-sided tape. To detect differences in R peak detectability between traditional and sewn sensors, effect size was set at 10% of a sample mean for heart rate (HR) and R-R interval. Paired student’s t-tests were run between adhesive and sewn electrode data for R-R interval and average HR, and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was run for comfort. No statistically significant difference was found between the traditional and textile electrodes (R-R interval: t = 1.43, p > 0.1; HR: t = −0.70, p > 0.5; comfort: V = 15, p > 0.5).

ALGORITHM FOR AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF ECG WAVES

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIB. NABIL ◽  
F. BEREKSI-REGUIG
Keyword(s):  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Qrs Detection ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Noisy Conditions ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
T Waves

An accurate measurement of the different electrocardiogram (ECG) intervals is dependent on the accurate identification of the beginning and the end of the P, QRS, and T waves. Available commercial systems provide a good QRS detection accuracy. However, the detection of the P and T waves remains a serious challenge due to their widely differing morphologies in normal and abnormal beats. In this paper, a new algorithm for the detection of the QRS complex as well as for P and T waves identification is provided. The proposed algorithm is based on different approaches and methods such as derivations, thresholding, and surface indicator. The proposed algorithm is tested and evaluated on ECG signals from the universal MIT-BIH database. It shows a good ability to detect P, QRS, and T waves for different cases of ECG signal even in very noisy conditions. The obtained QRS, sensitivity and positive predictivity are respectively 95.39% and 98.19%. The developed algorithm is also able to separate the overlapping P and T waves.

scholarly journals Smart ECG Monitoring Wireless System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3279-3283
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Transfer Data ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Specific Abnormality

Under advanced patient diagnostic approach, expensive wearable Holter Electrocardiography unit is used to record cardiac parameters for 24 or 48 hours. This may cause inconvenience to patient due to weight, dangling wires and taxing additional time to transfer data to the hospital from patient’s location. IOT plays a crucial role to read and transfer ECG data from remote places effectively for individuals and more. In this paper low cost, low power, portable ECG monitoring system is designed and experimented. Hardware-software co-design realizes real-time, wireless, acquisition of cardiac parameters. AD8232 is used to capture cardiac signals and processing is realized using MSP432P401R microcontroller and IOT. Under the event driven approach, in case of specific abnormality, Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is transmitted, otherwise no transmission is allowed in order to reduce power consumption.This approach increases battery life time and reduces complexity.

scholarly journals Wearable Smart Textiles for Long-Term Electrocardiography Monitoring—A Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4174
Author(s):  
Abreha Bayrau Nigusse ◽  
Desalegn Alemu Mengistie ◽  
Benny Malengier ◽  
Granch Berhe Tseghai ◽  
Lieva Van Langenhove
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Capacitive Coupling ◽  
Signal Quality ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Contact Impedance ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Textile Electrodes

The continuous and long-term measurement and monitoring of physiological signals such as electrocardiography (ECG) are very important for the early detection and treatment of heart disorders at an early stage prior to a serious condition occurring. The increasing demand for the continuous monitoring of the ECG signal needs the rapid development of wearable electronic technology. During wearable ECG monitoring, the electrodes are the main components that affect the signal quality and comfort of the user. This review assesses the application of textile electrodes for ECG monitoring from the fundamentals to the latest developments and prospects for their future fate. The fabrication techniques of textile electrodes and their performance in terms of skin–electrode contact impedance, motion artifacts and signal quality are also reviewed and discussed. Textile electrodes can be fabricated by integrating thin metal fiber during the manufacturing stage of textile products or by coating textiles with conductive materials like metal inks, carbon materials, or conductive polymers. The review also discusses how textile electrodes for ECG function via direct skin contact or via a non-contact capacitive coupling. Finally, the current intensive and promising research towards finding textile-based ECG electrodes with better comfort and signal quality in the fields of textile, material, medical and electrical engineering are presented as a perspective.

scholarly journals Novel Stable Capacitive Electrocardiogram Measurement System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3668
Author(s):  
Chi-Chun Chen ◽  
Shu-Yu Lin ◽  
Wen-Ying Chang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Voltage Divider ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
Guard Ring ◽  
Capacitive Sensing ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Optimal Input ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Mode Interference

This study presents a noncontact electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement system to replace conventional ECG electrode pads during ECG measurement. The proposed noncontact electrode design comprises a surface guard ring, the optimal input resistance, a ground guard ring, and an optimal voltage divider feedback. The surface and ground guard rings are used to reduce environmental noise. The optimal input resistor mitigates distortion caused by the input bias current, and the optimal voltage divider feedback increases the gain. Simulated gain analysis was subsequently performed to determine the most suitable parameters for the design, and the system was combined with a capacitive driven right leg circuit to reduce common-mode interference. The present study simulated actual environments in which interference is present in capacitive ECG signal measurement. Both in the case of environmental interference and motion artifact interference, relative to capacitive ECG electrodes, the proposed electrodes measured ECG signals with greater stability. In terms of R–R intervals, the measured ECG signals exhibited a 98.6% similarity to ECGs measured using contact ECG systems. The proposed noncontact ECG measurement system based on capacitive sensing is applicable for use in everyday life.

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