scholarly journals The Residual Copper and Zinc in Tropical Soil over 21 Years after Amendment with Heavy Metal Containing Waste, Lime, and Compost

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Abdul Kadir Salam ◽  
Asri Foresta Pakpahan ◽  
Galih Susilowati ◽  
Niko Fernando ◽  
Nanik Sriyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Tropical Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Compost Soil ◽  
Cu And Zn

This research aimed to evaluate the residual Cu and Zn in tropical soil over 21 years after amendment with industrial waste, lime, and compost. Soil samples were collected from a well-maintained experimental field amended one time with industrial waste high in Cu and Zn set in 1998 at about 1.5–20 years after amendment. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with a metal-wares industrial waste at rates 0, 15, and 60 Mg·ha−1, lime at 0 and 5 Mg·ha−1, and compost at 0 and 5 Mg·ha−1. Soil samples were also taken vertically in the exact plot centers at depths of 0–75 cm of plots not amended with lime and compost and also from topsoils (0–15 cm) at 90 points with distances 50 cm between each other in each of the respective plots 21 years after amendment. Significant increases in Cu and Zn caused by waste were observed over 21 years. The increase in soil pH by lime was observed over 10 years but its effect in decreasing Cu and Zn was observed only at 1.5 years, particularly in topsoils. However, the effect of lime in lowering Cu and Zn was observed over 20 years when waste and/or compost were also given. Similarly, the effect of compost was absent over 20 years but significant when waste and/or lime were also given. The relative concentration of Cu and Zn in the 60 Mg waste ha−1 plots decreased over 20 years to 17–53% for Cu and to 12–33% for Zn; their concentrations were, in general, lower with lime and/or compost addition. The relative concentrations of Cu and Zn significantly decreased over 21 years in plots with 15 or 60 Mg·ha−1 and increased in the control plots. Heavy metals moved in soil significantly through soil tillage and erosion and partially by leaching.

scholarly journals Tropical Soil Labile Fractions of Copper in the Experimental Plots ±Ten Years after Application of Copper-Containing-Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Abdul Kadir Salam ◽  
Kiat Ginanjar
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Tropical Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Labile Fraction ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Leaf Compost ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Compost Soil ◽  
Experimental Plots

Copper is reported to be retained in soils for a quite long time particularly in soil treated with some amendments.  This research was intended to evaluate the soil labile fractions of Cu ±10 years after application of Cu-containing industrial waste, lime, and cassava-leaf compost.  Soil samples were taken from topsoils and subsoils of ±10 years old experimental plots set up in 1998 and factorially treated with a metal-spoon industrial waste at 0, 15, and 60 Mg ha-1, lime at 0 and 5 Mg ha-1, and cassava-leaf compost at 0 and 5 Mg ha-1.  The measured Cu labile fractions were compared to those in soils sampled at ±1.5 years and ±3 years after treatments. The results showed that the soil Cu labile fractions in waste treated soils were higher than those in the control treatments eventhough their concentrations decreased with the years of sampling.  Lime showed a decreasing effect on soil labile Cu fractions, but the effect decreased with the years of sampling. The effect of cassava-leaf compost application on soil Cu labile fraction was in general not evidenced ±10 years after treatment.  

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals in soils of a vineyard region with the use of principal component analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Souza Valladares ◽  
Otávio Antônio de Camargo ◽  
José Ruy Porto de Carvalho ◽  
Alessandra Maria Cia Silva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils ◽  
Cu And Zn

Agricultural management with chemicals may contaminate the soil with heavy metals. The objective of this study was to apply Principal Component Analysis and geoprocessing techniques to identify the origin of the metals Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr and Cd as potential contaminants of agricultural soils. The study was developed in an area of vineyard cultivation in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Soil samples were collected and GPS located under different uses and coverings. The metal concentrations in the soils were determined using the DTPA method. The Cu and Zn content was considered high in most of the samples, and was larger in the areas cultivated with vineyards that had been under the application of fungicides for several decades. The concentrations of Cu and Zn were correlated. The geoprocessing techniques and the Principal Component Analysis confirmed the enrichment of the soil with Cu and Zn because of the use and management of the vineyards with chemicals in the preceding decades.

scholarly journals Urban soil assessment caused by heavy metals contamination in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 851 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
A T Sekarningsih ◽  
W Budianta ◽  
I W Warmada ◽  
H Hinode
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
City Center ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Heavy Metals Contamination ◽  
The City ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Abstract The effect of urbanization and industrialization in the urban city is soil contamination by heavy metals. This study was conducted to assess Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd, in the soil of Yogyakarta city and its surrounding, Indonesia. The assessment was done by analyzing 45 surface soil samples in the study area, divided into three-zone. They are divided based on the distance of each zone to the center of the city. The zone III is located in the outermost of the study area, and zone I is inside the city. The results of the study showed that generally, the highest concentration of metals was located in zone I, which is located near or directly situated in a city center. The result indicated that Pb and Cd had the highest pollution index compared to Cu and Zn. The pollition load indeks (PLI) and geoaccumulation indeks (Igeo) calculations in the whole study area showed that the values demonstrated a moderate class in average. Special attention was needed to be given to the zone I, which has a higher PLI and Igeo index to reduce the source of emission for Pb and Cd.

scholarly journals Jatropha press cake as organic fertilizer in lettuce cultivation

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1089-1094
Author(s):  
José R. Mantovani ◽  
Jéssica da S. Bernardes ◽  
Paulo R. C. Landgraf
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Press Cake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Lettuce Seedling ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT In biodiesel production, vegetable press cake is obtained as waste, and a suitable destination for jatropha press cake would be the use in agriculture as organic fertilizer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of jatropha press cake on soil fertility attributes and on lettuce production and accumulation of nutrients in the shoots. The experiment was conducted in pots in a greenhouse, in a randomized block design with eight treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of doses of jatropha press cake equivalent to 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0 and 32.0 t ha-1. Portions of 5.5 dm3 of soil received limestone, phosphate fertilizer and the doses of jatropha press cake, and remained incubated for 30 days. After incubation, soil samples were collected, each pot received one lettuce seedling and the experiment was carried out for 45 days. The organic fertilization with jatropha press cake increased the contents of nutrients in the soil, especially K+, but caused increment in soil acidity and electrical conductivity. The use of jatropha press cake as organic fertilizer decreased lettuce production and accumulation of nutrients in the shoots.

scholarly journals Soil resistance and bulk density under different tillage system

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Miro Stošić ◽  
Vladimir Zebec ◽  
Maciej Kluz ◽  
Boris Ravnjak ◽  
Tomislav Vinković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Set Up

A stationary field experiment of a reduced soil tillage was implemented at a Hypogley (Hypogleyic soils A–Gso–Gr soil horizon sequence) soil type of Eastern Croatia during three seasons and set up as a split-plot randomized block design in four repetitions. The tillage systems (TS) were as follows: 1) conventional tillage, i.e., plowing at 30 cm (CT), 2) disking up 10-12 cm (DT), 3) soil loosening up to 35 cm (LT), 4) no-tillage (NT). The experiment was designed to compare the penetration resistance (PR), soil moisture (SM), and bulk density (BD) at different TSs and soil depths. A cone penetrometer was used to measure the PR with 10 prods per TS, accompanied with a measurement of SM with a soil auger on every 10 cm, with four samples up to a 40-cm depth. The BD was determined by metal cylinders on every 10 cm up to a 30-cm depth, being weighed and dried thereafter to obtain an absolutely dry sample, and then calculated using absolutely a dry soil sample mass (m_s) and the soil volume (V). The PR and SM were significantly influenced by the TS and soil depth. The CT had the significantly lowest PR at all depths, while the DT has manifested a significantly higher PR at a soil depth amounting to 10 to 20 cm. The PR on NT were significantly diverse from the CT at all soil depths. The BD varied significantly concerning the TS and the soil depth. Subsequent to the three years, the CT had a significantly smaller BD at a depth amounting from 0 to 10 cm, and a significantly higher BD at 20- to 30-cm depth, compared to reduce the TS.

scholarly journals Metal contents in soils irrigated with diluted treated produced water from oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 672-678
Author(s):  
Danniely O. Costa ◽  
Hudson S. M. Vale ◽  
Rafael O. Batista ◽  
Kaline D. Travassos ◽  
Marcelo T. Gurgel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Soil Metal ◽  
Nopalea Cochenillifera

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in soil metal contents in an Ultisol cultivated with forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera) irrigated with diluted treated oil produced water (TOPW). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments consisted of 100% underground water (T1); 75% underground water plus 25% TOPW (T2); 50% underground water plus 50% TOPW (T3); 25% underground water plus 75% TOPW (T4); and 100% TOPW (T5). The plots consisted of 25 pots of 20 L in a greenhouse, in Mossoró, RN, Brazil. Soil samples from the 0-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m layers were collected at 240 days after planting, and Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, and Pb contents were evaluated. The use of irrigations with diluted TOPW caused no contamination of the soils cultivated with forage cactus by the evaluated metals. T2 presented the lowest metal contents. Cr and Pb contents in the soil were significantly high, indicating that the application of TOPW should not be used continuously in the same area.

scholarly journals Variedades de Citrus podem afetar a comunidade de fungos do solo?

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kryssia Gislayne Pinheiro Melo ◽  
Angélica Ricarte Da Silva ◽  
Adriana Mayumi Yano- Melo
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Citrus Varieties ◽  
Total Fungi

Microorganisms are essential for maintaining soil quality, among which stand out the fungi. The association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphorous solubilizing fungi (PSF) in its rhizosphere can benefit citrus plants, since these fungi can contribute to an increase in plant development due to the greater availability of water and nutrients. The present study aimed to evaluate if the amount of total fungi, AMF and PSF in the rhizosphere can be affected by the Citrus varieties. Soil samples were collected from the experiment conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) with six Citrus varieties (Page, Pera D9, D12 Pera Pera C21, Pineaple and Ruby). Regarding the evaluated quantitative variables, there was a significant negative simple linear correlation only between the mycorrhizal colonization (MC) and the number of colony forming unit (CFU)/mL of PSF. The number of CFU/mL of soil FPS did not differed statistically between the Citrus varieties rhizosphere, but for total (TF) fungi a significant difference was observed, especially for the ‘Pineaple’, variety that provided higgher mean for the number of CFU/mL, differing from the ‘Page’ variety. All Citrus varieties presented root colonization by AMF and there was a significant difference among the evaluated varieties, however only ‘Rubi’ and ‘Pineaple’ differed from the others. Citrus varieties do not affect PSF quantity nor MC percentual in their rhizosphere but ‘Page’ and ‘Pineaple’ varieties stand out for glomerospores quantity of AMF and TF CFU/mL.

scholarly journals Increasing Rice Yield Through Amelioration and Fertilization on Medium Freshwater Swampland

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Anna Hairani ◽  
Muhammad Alwi ◽  
Khairil Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Climate Anomalies ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Fertilization System

A big potential of freshwater swampland to overcome the land depreciation and the effects of drought in some land typologies during climate anomalies such as El Nino. Some of the freshwater swampland has been utilized by farmers for food crops, horticulture, fisheries, and livestock, but its utilization and productivity are still low and needs to be improved. The research was conducted on 2.5 ha of medium freshwater swampland at Hamayung village, Daha Utara district, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, South Kalimantan in dry season 2017. The experiment used a randomized block design with six treatments and three replicates. The treatments were: (1) Application of Pistia stratiotes + Biotara + Decision Support System (DSS) fertilization system; (2) Application of Pistia stratiotes + Biotara + recommended fertilization system; (3) Application without Pistia stratiotes + Biotara + DSS fertilization system; (4) Application without Pistia stratiotes + Biotara + recommended fertilization system; (5) Only Pistia stratiotes; and (6) Control. Soil tillage was carried out with minimum tillage. The rice variety was Inpara (Inbrida padi rawa) 2, which is high yield varieties for a swampy area that Fe tolerant with a planting system of jajar legowo (jarwo) 2: 1 (25 cm-50 cm) x 12.5 cm. The results showed that a combination treatment of 15 t/ha in situ weed of Pistia stratiotes/ha + 25 kg Biotara/ha + DSS fertilization system (50 kg urea/ha + 37 kg SP36/ha + 24 kg KCl/ha) gave the highest yield (7.62 t/ha). This treatment increased yield by 10.28% compared to control (6.91 t/ha) and was higher (52.40-69.33%) than those yielded by local farmers cultivation (4.5-5.0 t/ha).

Pengaruh Formula Pupuk Urea-Zeolit-Arangaktif terhadap pH, N-total, KTK tanah dan Residu Pb pada Tanah Tercemar Limbah Industri

SoilREns ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rija Sudirja ◽  
Santi Rosniawaty ◽  
Ade Setiawan ◽  
Rhendika Indra Yunianto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Village

One of the factors inhibiting the production of rice is not efficient in the use of fertilizers and ecosystem damage due to toxic hazardous materials such as heavy metals. the use of Urea, Zeolite, Activated charcoal based fertilizer is expected to increase the production of paddy rice crops in rice fields heavy metal contaminated. The experiment was conducted in the village of the District Linggar Rancaekek Regency  Bandung from  March  to  May  2015.  The experiment  used  randomized  block design with four single  treatment,  that  is  A =  urea  : zeolite  (95:5),  B  =  urea  : zeolite  : activated charcoal (50:45:5), C = urea : zeolite : activated charcoal (50:25:25), D = urea : zeolite (60:40), each with  five replicates.  Rice  varieties  used are Inpari  30.  The  results  showed  that  administration RS fertilizer formula  is  proven to  reduce  the  solubility  of  approximately  30%  Pb  and increases  the cation exchange capacity  (CEC) of  the soil.  RS fertilizer no  real  effect  on pH and N-Total  soils. Formulation urea : zeolite : activated charcoal (50:25:25) can decrease the solubility of Pb, while the CEC best demonstrated by the increase in formulation urea : zeolite : activated charcoal (50: 45: 5). Key words: heavy metals, RS fertilizer, wetland rice 

scholarly journals Potato plant growth and macronutrient uptake as affected by soil tillage and irrigation systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1787-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Cezar Silveira Nunes ◽  
Paulo Cezar Rezende Fontes ◽  
Eduardo Fontes Araújo ◽  
Carlos Sediyama
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Potato Plant ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Moldboard Plow

The objective of this study was to evaluate potato plant growth and macronutrient uptake, as affected by soil tillage methods, in sprinkle and drip irrigated experiments. Eight treatments were set: T1, no tillage, except for furrowing before planting; T2, one subsoiling (SS); T3, twice rotary hoeing (RH); T4, one disc plowing (DP) + twice disc harrow leveling (DL); T5, 1DP + 2DL + 1RH; T6, 1DP + 2DL + 2RH; T7, 1SS + T6; T8, one moldboard plowing (MP) + 2DL. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. In both irrigation systems, plants presented higher emergence velocity index (EVI), when the soil was not tillaged, and the EVI was inversely related to the maximum tuber dry mass production. In both experiments, a functional direct relationship was found between the leaf area index and maximum tuber dry mass yield. The growth of plant organs (tuber, leaf, stem and root) and the macronutrient (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) contents in potato plant responded positively to a deeper soil revolving caused by plowing, especially with moldboard plow.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document