scholarly journals Galantamine as a Treatment Option for Nicotine Addiction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Qutub Jamali
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Nicotinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Transdermal Patch ◽  
Nice Guidelines ◽  
Sublingual Tablet ◽  
Potential Use

The pharmacological therapy for smoking cessation recommended by National Institute for Health and care Excellence (NICE) guidelines is nicotine replacement therapy such as gum, inhalator, lozenge, nasal spray, oral spray, sublingual tablet, and transdermal patch. Medications such as bupropion and varenicline are also used. Varenicline is the only established drug used to alleviate symptoms of craving as it acts as a partial nicotine agonist. Galantamine has a similar mechanism of action where it is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and nicotinic receptor agonist. However, varenicline is the only recommended drug. There are not many studies to illustrate the effectiveness of galantamine for smoking cessation. This article explores the possibility of potential use of galantamine in alleviating the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal.

Cytyzyna w terapii zaprzestania palenia tytoniu

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrycjusz Kołodziejczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Baranowska-Kempisty ◽  
Piotr Bernat ◽  
Piotr Tutka
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Nicotinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Natural Plant

Tobacco smoking is one of the leading causes of death among people. Cytisine, a plant alkaloid considered to be the oldest medication for smoking cessation, has been used in Poland since the 1970s. The drug is a partial nicotinic receptor agonist, with pharmacological actions close to those of nicotine and varenicline (a synthetic cytisine derivative and most expensive smoking cessation medication currently available). Cytisine has several advantages compared to existing smoking cessation drugs, including: 1) it is more effective than placebo and nicotine replacement therapy, and at least as effective as varenicline, 2) its use is associated with a low frequency of adverse events, 3) it is available as over the counter medicine and is much cheaper than other smoking cessation drugs that are cost-prohibitive, 4) it derives from a natural plant and may be preferred by smokers who do not want to use other treatments, 5) it has shorter duration of treatment (i.e. 25 days) compared to other medicines for smoking cessation. This review describes the use of cytisine for nicotine addiction treatment, mechanism of anti-smoking action, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, tolerability and safety.

SSR591813, a Novel Selective and Partial α4β2 Nicotinic Receptor Agonist with Potential as an Aid to Smoking Cessation

2003 ◽  
Vol 306 (1) ◽  
pp. 407-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cohen ◽  
O. E. Bergis ◽  
F. Galli ◽  
A. W. Lochead ◽  
S. Jegham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Nicotinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Agonist

Improved learning and memory in aged rats with chronic administration of the nicotinic receptor agonist GTS-21

1995 ◽  
Vol 674 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Arendash ◽  
Gregory J. Sengstock ◽  
Paul R. Sanberg ◽  
William R. Kem
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Nicotinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Improved Learning

Potential therapy of Sambiloto plant (Andrographis paniculata) using multi-compounds analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Handayani ◽  
Wiwik Winarningsih
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Active Content

Introduction: Sambiloto plant (Andrographis paniculata) is often used as herbal medicine plant in Indonesia. Previous evidence indicates the use of a whole plant or single-compound approach. Analysis of multi-compounds is needed to determine the therapeutic potential for standardizing herbal medicine to provide a reliable effect. Methods: An exploratory study searching for the active content of A. paniculata was carried out in the Knapsack program. The chemical structure is analyzed computationally using Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) software. The analysis of the mechanism of action of drug molecules was analyzed using the Search Tool for Interacting Chemicals (STITCH) software. Results: The active content of A. paniculata is 46 types, with 5 of them having 6 effects based on chemical bonds and targeting 12 receptor proteins. Five active contents of A. paniculata include andrographidin A, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, wogonin 5-glucoside, and cinnamic acid. Analysis of the mechanism of action of A. paniculata based on 12 target proteins from active ingredients using a multi-compound approach shows 6 unique biological processes. Based on the chemical bonds, 5 active contents of A. paniculata have six effects, including anaphylatoxin receptor antagonist, a beta-adrenergic receptor kinase inhibitor, GABA C receptor agonist, G-protein-coupled receptor kinase inhibitor, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, and Nicotinic alpha6beta3beta4alpha5 receptor antagonist. Conclusion: There is a therapeutic potential of A. paniculata with multi-compounds analysis. A molecular docking analysis is needed to predict the affinity between the ligand (active ingredient) and the target protein.

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