scholarly journals Camel Mastitis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Isolation of Major Bacterial Pathogens in Gomole District of Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Minda Asfaw Geresu ◽  
Shubisa Abera Leliso ◽  
Galma Wako Liben
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Dromedary Camel ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Dairy Animals

As of other dairy animals, dromedary camel could be affected by mastitis, a complex disease occurring worldwide among dairy animals, with heavy economic losses largely due to clinical and subclinical mastitis. Yet, little is known about the occurrence and potential risk factors exposing to lactating camel mastitis in Ethiopia. Consequently, a cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2018 to April 2019 so as to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors, and major bacterial pathogens causing mastitis in traditionally managed lactating camels in Gomole district of Borena Zone. Consequently, 348 lactating camels were examined for clinical and subclinical mastitis, using California Mastitis Test (CMT). The overall prevalence of mastitis was 22.4% (78/348), including clinical 4.3% (15/348) and subclinical 18.1% (63/348) cases, respectively, whereas the quarter level prevalence of mastitis was 16.6% (232/1,392). Of the total 1,392 examined teats, the right hind (RHQ) (4.3%, 60/1392) and left hind quarters (LHQ) (4.3%, 60/1392) were the most frequently infected quarter, whereas the left front quarter (LFQ) (3.9%, 55/1392) was the least infected quarter. Age, body condition score, and lactation stages were significantly associated ( p < 0.05 ) with lactating camel mastitis prevalence among the putative risk factors. Among 312 quarters milk samples subjected to bacteriological examination, 69.9% (218/312) yielded mastitis causing pathogens, both Gram-positive and -negative bacterial isolates, while no growth was observed in 30.1% (94/312) of quarters sampled. Of the bacterial isolates obtained by culturing, Streptococcus spp. excluding Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) (26.1%; 57/218) and Coagulase negative Staphylococci (22.9%, 50/218) were the dominant isolates identified, whereas S. agalactiae (3.2%, 7/218) was the least isolates obtained. The prevalence of camel mastitis in the study area was found to be considerably high. Hence, implementation of integrated approaches has great importance in the study setting for the prevention and control of mastitis so as to improve quality of camel milk, minimize economic loss, and prevent significant public health risks.

scholarly journals Bovine Mastitis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Bacterial Pathogens Isolated in Lactating Cows in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Nahom Belay ◽  
Nejib Mohammed ◽  
Wasihun Seyoum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Lactating Cows

scholarly journals Economic Losses due to Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Animals: A Study in Bidar District of Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakashkumar Rathod ◽  
Shivamurty V. ◽  
Anant Rao Desai
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Development Department

A total of 421 pooled milk samples from zebu/ desi cows, crossbred cows and buffaloes were screened to study the incidence rate and economic losses due to subclinical mastitis (SCM) in 10 villages of two blocks under the World Bank funded, Karnataka watershed Development Department sponsored - Sujala III project during last two years. Nine out of 421 samples (2.13%) were found positive for SCM by CMT. The economic losses due to subclinical form of mastitis were estimated in the range of INR 21,677/- to INR 88,340/- pre animal for a lactation period. The study found that incidence of SCM was also related to managemental practices followed by dairy farmers.

scholarly journals Prevalence, risk factors and bacterial causes of bovine mastitis in southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmeto Abebe ◽  
Mesele Abera ◽  
Yifat Denbarga ◽  
Mishamo Suleyman ◽  
Amene Fekadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
And Control

Mastitis is one of the most economically important diseases in dairy farms worldwide. It is particularly important in Ethiopia where no routine prevention and control practices are in place. This cross-sectional study was carried out between October 2017 and June 2018 to estimate the prevalence of mastitis, identify the associated risk factors and isolate bacterial causes in dairy farms located in southern Ethiopia using standard microbiological methods and questionnaire survey. A total of 686 lactating cows which were found in 122 selected dairy farms were investigated by physical examination and California mastitis test. The overall cow-level prevalence of mastitis was 54.2% (95% CI: 50.5 – 57.9%). Based on the study site, the prevalence was 55.7% in Hawassa, 54.3% in Arsi Negele, 52.6% each in Wondo Genet and Wolayta Soddo towns with no significant (p > 0.05) difference among the sites. The majority of mastitis cases were subclinical (48.1%) while the clinical mastitis was only 6.1%. Of the 122 herds tested, 109 (89.3%; 95% CI: 82.1 – 93.9%) had at least a cow positive for mastitis. The study showed that high parity number (OR = 1.6; p = 0.015), flat (OR = 4.5; p <0.001) and round (OR = 2; p <0.001) teat end shape, history of mastitis in preceding lactation (OR = 3.3; p <0.001), and slightly (OR = 3.5; p < 0.001), moderately (OR = 4.9; p < 0.001), and very dirty (OR = 9.2; p < 0.001) udder and legs were the major risk factors which are significantly associated with higher prevalence of mastitis. Based on the available media and reagents, the major bacteria isolated from subclinical mastitic milk samples were Staphylococcus spp. (57.3%), Streptococcus spp. (18.6%), E. coli (17.3%) and Bacillus spp. (7.5%) in order of their abundance. The present study revealed a high prevalence of mastitis, particularly the subclinical one, and the associated risk factors. Enhancing the awareness of dairy farmers, regular screening of cows for subclinical mastitis, proper treatment of the clinical cases, improving the hygienic condition of the cows, and culling of chronically infected cows are critically important to prevent and control bovine mastitis. Keywords: Mastitis, Prevalence, Risk factors, Southern Ethiopia

scholarly journals A Review on Sub Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Subclinical mastitis is the most prevalent and economically destructive disease in dairy cattle throughout the country. It is 3–40 times more common than clinical mastitis and causes the greatest overall losses in most dairy herds. It is a multi etiological complex disease which consists infectious and noninfectious agents as potential risk factors. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cows increases with increased milk production, unhygienic management practices and with increasing number of lactation. There are no visible changes in the udder or milk but it reduces milk production and adversely affects milk quality. Early detection of sub clinical mastitis can be done by various indirect and direct tests.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sub-clinical Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors at Cow Level in Dairy Farms in Southwestern Part of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abu Sayeed ◽  
Md. Ashikur Rahman ◽  
Md. Saiful Bari ◽  
Ariful Islam ◽  
Md. Mizanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) among medium to large scale household dairy farms in southwestern district, Jhenaidah, Bangladesh during July to December 2019. A total of 78 (n=100) lactating cows from household dairy farms (N=32) having three or more dairy cows were selected randomly as sampled populations. Milk samples were screened for SCM by using Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT). The prevalence of SCM varied among farm level [71.9% (95% CI: 53.3-86.3)], individual animal level [67.9% (95% CI: 56.4-86.3)] and quarter level [29.5% (95% CI: 24.5-34.9)]. Descriptive statistics represented the farmers and farm demography, characteristics of the sampled population, and overall management feature. Random Effect Logistic Regression identified, Body Condition Score (BCS) [OR=3.8 and 2.9, at cows level and quarter level respectively (BCS-2 vs. BCS-&ge;3)], and breed [OR=5.1 and 2.9, at cows level and quarter level respectively (HF&times; Sahiwal vs. HF &times; Local)] as potential risk factors. This study shows that SCM is highly prevalent in the study area, which is a major threat to the dairy industry's production performance. Regular screening by SFMT, proper hygiene, improve the management system, and farmer&rsquo;s awareness is required to control the disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Bacterial Isolates Associated with Intramammary Infections in Malaysian Dairy Herds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir A. ◽  
Zunita Z. ◽  
Jesse F.F. ◽  
Ramanoon S.Z. ◽  
Mohd-Azmi M.L.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Intramammary Infections are costly endemic diseases in dairy cows and it highly affect both the quality and quantity of milk production in addition to the animal wellbeing. It a major cause of considerable economic losses to the dairy farmers. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of mastitis pathogens and antimicrobial resistance pattern of selected most prevalent pathogens. Results The overall culture prevalence was 67.6% (n = 503/744, CI = 64.1–70.9). The respective states’ culture prevalence was 66.4% (n = 71/107, CI = 56.5–75.0), 60.3% (184/305, CI = 54.6–65.8), 58% (n = 94/162, CI = 50-65.6), 100% (n = 75/75, CI = 93.9–100), and 83.3% (n = 79/95, CI = 73.8–89.8) for Pahang, Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Johor respectively. The most prevalent isolates identified were non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) 39.5%, S. aureus 13.1%, K. pneumoniae 6.5%, S. agalactiae 4.8%, and S. uberis 4.3%. Resistance profile of Actinobacter spp against chloramphenicol and streptomycin were 71.4% and 35.7% respectively. For S. uberis isolates, 66.7% and 73.3% have shown resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin respectively. Conclusions This study provides knowledge of the epidemiology of bacterial isolates associated with subclinical mastitis in Malaysia and their resistance profile. The high prevalence of these pathogens in milk and multidrug resistance observed should not be over looked.

scholarly journals Prevalence of bovine mastitis in smallholder lactating dairy farms in Hawassa, SNNPR, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 218-224
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Sosango ◽  
◽  
Amanuel Ashebo ◽  
Demelash Kalo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Paper Test ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

A cross sectional study was conducted between November 2015 and February 2016 in Hawassa town, SNNPR, Ethiopia to determine the overall mastitis prevalence and identify the role of some selected risk factors in 183 randomly selected small holder lactating dairy cows of 53 high grade Holstein Friesian, 113 Holstein indigenous zebu cross and 17 indigenous zebu breeds. The prevalence of clinical mastitis was determined through examination of abnormalities of milk, udder or cow. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis determined by using indicator paper test. From total 183 lactating dairy cows examined for bovine mastitis 9(4.9%) had clinical mastitis, while 56(30.6%) subclinical mastitis. Out of 9(4.9%) clinical mastitis, 9.43 and 3.53% occurred in high grade Holstein and Holstein indigenous zebu, respectively, but indigenous zebu breed was found not affected. Subclinical mastitis at cow level based on indicator paper test was significantly high (32.07%) in Holstein, (30.9%) in cross breed and (23.5%) in indigenous zebu (p<0.05). Quarter level subclinical mastitis prevalence based on indicator paper test was 32.07, 30.2% and 23.5% in Holstein, cross breed and indigenous zebu, respectively. From the potential risk factors considered, breed (X2=17.3, p<0.05), presence of teat lesion and tick infestation (X2=7.73, p<0.05), stage of lactation (X2=13.8, p<0.05), and parity number (X2=19.4, p<0.05) had significant effect on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis. Considering the possible significant economic losses that could be incurred by both clinical and subclinical mastitis, attention should be paid for further detailed investigation and control measures.

scholarly journals BACTERIAL PATHOGENS AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MASTITIS IN BLACK BENGAL GOATS IN BANGLADESH

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Amin ◽  
MA Samad ◽  
AKM Anisur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lactation Stage

The objectives of this study were to isolate major bacteria responsible for and to identify the potential risk factors associated with clinical and subclinical mastitis in Black Bengal goats in Bangladesh. A cross sectional study was undertaken on 242 lactating does during January to August 2009. Data on probable risk factors was recorded by using  questionnaire. Clinical mastitis was detected by gross signs of udder infection during physical examination and abnormal milk whereas subclinical mastitis was recognized California Mastitis test (CMT) Milk samples of all clinical and subclinical mastitis goats were subjected to culture for isolation and identification of responsible bacterial pathogens. Multiple logistic regression model using a backward stepwise method was used for identification of risk factors. The overall prevalence of clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis were 4.54% and 37.19%, respectively. Bacterial pathogens isolated were coagulase negative Staphylococcus (73.73%), Staphylococcus aureus (26.67%), Streptococcus sp. (20%), Bacillus sp. (70%) and Escherichia coli (6.67%). Both clinical and subclinical mastitis were significantly associated with age (p<0.001), parity (p<0.001), lactation stage (p<0.001), litter size (p<0.05) and teat lesions (p<0.001).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v9i2.13458

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mastitis Pathogens and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Isolates From Cattle and Buffaloes in Northwest of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Ali ◽  
Kamran ◽  
Abdur Raziq ◽  
Inamullah Wazir ◽  
Rafi Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Mastitic Milk

Mastitis is the most prevalent disease of dairy animals, imparting huge economic losses to the dairy industry. There is always a dire need to monitor the prevalence of mastitis, its bacteriology, and evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibilities for mastitis control and prevention. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate: (i) the prevalence of mastitis in cattle and buffaloes; (ii) identification of bacteria associated with mastitis; (iii) antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates. Milk samples (n = 1,566) from cattle (n = 1,096) and buffaloes (n = 470) were processed for detection of mastitis using the California mastitis test in the year 2018–19. A total of 633 mastitic milk samples were further processed for bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the disc diffusion method. Overall, the prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis was 17 and 57% in both species. Clinical mastitis was higher in cattle (20%) compared to buffaloes (11%), whereas subclinical was higher in buffaloes (66%) than cattle (53%). Besides, month-wise prevalence was higher in hot and humid months in both species. Staphylococci spp. (34%) were the most predominant bacterial isolates from mastitic milk, followed by Escherichia coli (19.4%), Streptococci spp. (9%), and Klebsiella spp. (8%). Most of the bacteria were susceptible to gentamicin (92%) and enrofloxacin (88%), when a panel of 16 different antimicrobials was tested. Nevertheless, most of the isolates were resistant to sulphamethoxazole (99%), lincomycin (98%), oxytetracycline (89%), ampicillin (86%), and doxycycline (85%). This study concludes a high prevalence of mastitis caused by Staphylococcal spp. in cattle and buffaloes belonging to the northwest of Pakistan, and gentamicin and enrofloxacin might be appropriate antimicrobial agents in the treatment of bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of clinical and subclinical caprine mastitis of northern region in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ferdous ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MI Khan ◽  
MAHNA Khan ◽  
UK Rima
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Dairy Animals

Mastitis is a multifactorial and infectious disease of the udder of dairy animals. Infected animals suffer from pain and fever and causing damage in udder and changes in milk. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical caprine mastitis associated with bacterial pathogens during the period from January to June, 2017. A total of 120 lactating goats were randomly selected from different villages of Dinajpur district and 240 milk samples from each udder half were aseptically collected. The udders were examined and screened for the evidence of clinical and subclinical mastitis by clinical examination of udders and examining milk samples. Subclinical mastitis was detected by California Mastitis Test (CMT). Milk samples of all clinical and subclinical mastitis goats were cultured in/on bacteriological media for isolation and characterization of responsible bacterial pathogens. The overall prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in goats was found to be 11.67% and 38.75%, respectively. Bacteriological examination of mastitic milk samples of caprine revealed Staphylococcus spp. (32.5%) as the major pathogen followed by Escherichia coli (22.5%), Pseudomonas spp. (12.5%), Klebsiella spp. (12.5%) and Bacillus spp. (5%). Results of this study indicated that about 50% of caprine udder were infected with mastitis (38.75%), which may render lowering milk production and mortality of goats and kids. It needs to screen milk sample of lactating goats by CMT, identify mastitic goats with infected bacteria, evaluate antibiotic sensitivity and design control strategy accordingly.Progressive Agriculture 29 (2): 127-138, 2018

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document