scholarly journals Risk of Perinatal Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Jordan

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naji Batayneh ◽  
Salwa Bdour
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Acute And Chronic Hepatitis

Objectives:To determine the risk of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Jordan.Methods: Plasma samples from 1000 pregnant Jordanian women were screened by ELISA for HBV markers (HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc and anti-HBs).Results:HBsAg and HBeAg were detected in 4.3% and 0.1% of the pregnant women, respectively. The overall prevalence of antibodies was 6%, 11.1% and 7.5% for anti-HBe, anti-HBc and anti-HBs, respectively. Women were assignedto four groups according to the serological patternsofHBV markers: susceptible (85.9%), with acute infection (2.9%), with chronic infection (1.4%) and previously infected (9.8%). Most women were at the third trimester of pregnancy, therefore women with acute and chronic hepatitis at this gestational age were at risk of transmitting HBV infection to their newborns. Women who belonged to the low socio-economic class were at higher risk of HBV infection.Conclusions:Based on the results, we recommend screening women for HBV during pregnancy in order to identify HBV carriers. All newborns born to carriers should be vaccinated immediately after birth, both passively and actively. Also vaccination of HBV seronegative pregnant women is recommended.

Pregnancy Complicated With Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuisen Zheng ◽  
Huale Zhang ◽  
Rongxin Chen ◽  
Jianying Yan ◽  
Qing Han
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: We aimed to investigate whether maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects preterm birth（PTB) in pregnant women. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed HBV-infected and non-infected pregnant women attending antenatal care at Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Participants were divided into HBV infection (n = 1302) and control (n = 12813) groups. We compared baseline data, pregnancy and perinatal complications, and preterm delivery outcomes between groups and performed subgroup comparisons and multiple logistics regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors. Results: The incidence of PTBs before 37 weeks was similar between the groups. PTBs before 34 weeks were significantly more among the HBV infection group than among the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8% ; P = 0.003) After adjusting for confounding factors through logistics regression, HBV infection was found to be an independent PTB risk factor before 34 weeks gestation (adjusted odds ratio 1.796; 95% confidence interval[1.071, 3.012]). According to the subgroup analysis based on whether hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) was positive and whether alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were normal during the second trimester, PTB was more frequent in HBeAg negative HBV infection before 34 weeks than among controls(1.8% VS. 0.8%). The PTB rate for pregnant women with normal ALT and HBV infection before 34 weeks was higher than that of the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8%) Conclusion HBV infection is an independent risk factor for PTB before 34 weeks. Comprehensive programs focusing on pregnant women with HBV infection would reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus among antenatal clinic attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garba Umar Mustapha ◽  
Abdulrasul Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammad Shakir Balogun ◽  
Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo ◽  
Aisha Indo Mamman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection and a major global health problem. It causes chronic infection and puts people at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. WHO estimated 257 million people are living with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and in 2015 alone HBV resulted in to 887,000 deaths globally. We determined the prevalence and associated factors of hepatitis B virus infection among Antenatal Care (ANC) attendees in Gamawa Local Government Area, Bauchi State. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional, health facility-based study between March and April 2018. We used systematic random sampling technique to recruit 210 pregnant women aged 15-49 years. With a structured questionnaire, we interviewed the respondents and collected blood sample to test for hepatitis B surface antigen. We calculated frequencies, means, proportions, and tested for associations using Epi Info 7.2 and Microsoft Excel. Results: The mean age of respondents was 24.5 ± 6.0 years; 53.3% of whom were younger than 25 years. All were married, 87.1% had no formal education and up to 90.5% were employed. Overall, 6.7% tested positive for HBsAg; women aged ≥35 years had the highest prevalence (10.5%). None with tertiary education tested positive and women married before 18 years had 6.5% prevalence. Conclusions: The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women in Gamawa LGA was 6.7% which is quite lower than the national prevalence reported. We recommended improved surveillance of HBV infection and screening of women attending ANC. Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis B Surface antigen, Prevalence, Pregnancy, Health facilities, Hepatitis B

scholarly journals Is it Safe for a Mother Infected with Hepatitis B Virus to Breastfeed Her Baby?

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
ASM Nawshad Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The World

One third of the world’s population has been infected by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), causing an enormous burden of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B virus is transmitted through contact with blood and blood products, by sexual contact, through close contact between children (horizontal transmission), or by perinatal transmission from a carrier mother to her baby. In Asia, perinatal transmission is the major mode of transmission and those who become infected perinatally with HBV are most likely to develop chronic infection. The question of whether breastfeeding by HBV-positive mothers is an additional mechanism by which infants may acquire HBV infection, has been asked for many years. Although small amounts of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) have been detected in some samples of breast milk, there is no evidence that breastfeeding by HBV-carrier mothers increase the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Infants born to known hepatitis B positive women should receive hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B vaccine, effectively eliminating any theoretical risk of transmission through breastfeeding. However, neither screening of pregnant women for HBV infection nor use of HBIG is feasible in most developing countries. Routine immunization of infants with hepatitis B vaccine is therefore recommended by the World Health Organization. Bangladesh has already included hepatitis B vaccine as part of routine childhood immunization in EPI program since 2003. Also the risk must be balanced against the increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to malnutrition and diarrheal or other infectious diseases associated with replacement feeding. Malnutrition is responsible, directly or indirectly, for 6.5 million under 5 deaths annually. Thus, even where HBV infection is highly endemic and immunization against HBV is not available, breastfeeding remains the recommended method of feeding. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i1.10369 BJCH 2011; 35(1): 20-25

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors and Management of Hepatitis B Virus Screening in Mothers and Infants: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nurul Kurniati ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Virus Screening

ABSTRACT Background: The importance of screening for HBV infection is to identify the risk of perinatal transmission from infected mothers. People infected with HBV during infancy or childhood are more likely to suffer chronic infection to cirrhosis of the liver and liver cancer. Early detection and prompt treatment are essential for HBV infection. This study aimed to review the factors and management of hepatitis B virus screening in mothers and infants. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted in eight stages including (1) Identification of study problems; (2) Determining priority problem and study question; (3) Determining framework; (4) Literature searching; (5) Article selec­tion; (6) Critical appraisal; (7) Data extraction; and (8) Mapping. The search included PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and Scopus databases. The inclusion criteria were English/ Indonesian-language and full-text articles (scoping review, meta-analysis, systematic review)/ documents/ reports/ policy brief/ guidelines from WHO/ other organizations published between 2009 and 2019. The data were selected by the PRISMA flow chart. Results: The searched database obtained a total of 27.862 articles. After screening, 27.325 articles were excluded because of unmet the inclusion criteria. After conducting critical appraisal for the remaining 537 articles, only 11 articles were eligible for further review. The selected articles obtained from developing countries (China, South Africa, and Tanzania) and developed countries (Netherlands, Japan, Denmark, Northern Europe, and Canada) with quantitative studies design (cross-sectional, case series, and cohort) met the inclusion criteria. The findings emphasized on four main topics around hepatitis B virus screening in mothers and infants, namely demographic factors, risk factors, post-screening benefit, and challenges in screening uptake. Conclusion: Early detection of HBV infection with prenatal screening reduce the HBV prenatal transmission, especially from infected pregnancy. Screening plays an important role in the administration of universal infant HBV vaccination and postexposure prophylaxis with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) at birth. Keywords: pregnant women, hepatitis B virus, perinatal transmission, screening Correspondence: Setianingsih. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi (Ringroad Barat) No. 63, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55292. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082242081295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.67

scholarly journals Prevalence and Knowledge of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women in the Ningo-Prampram District, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui ◽  
Elliot Elikplim Akorsu ◽  
Albert Abaka-Yawson ◽  
Solomon Sosu Quarshie ◽  
Stephen Adomako Amankwah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been suggested to play a role in various adverse birth outcomes. The study determined the prevalence as well as knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in the Ningo-Prampram District of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study using simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 213 pregnant women receiving antenatal care in three different health facilities (Prampram Polyclinic (PPC), Dangme Community Hospital (DCH), and Old Ningo Health Center (ONHC)) in the Ningo-Prampram District of Ghana from November 2018 to January 2019. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data which included participants’ HBsAg test results, sociodemographic and gynaecological characteristics, and their level of knowledge on HBV infection. Knowledge of the participants on HBV infection was classified as either excellent, good, or poor based on their cumulative percentage scores from the questionnaire according to Al Rubaish system of classification. Results. Overall low-intermediate prevalence of HBV infection was 3.3%; however, PPC recorded the highest prevalence of 4.0% while DCH and ONHC recorded 2.82% and 2.50%, respectively. Statistically significant association was observed between HBV infection and the health facility. Majority (77.40%) of the study participants had poor knowledge on HBV infection while only 14 (6.57%) had excellent knowledge on HBV. Regarding excellent knowledge, 8 (11.0%) among the participants were demonstrated by the majority of those who received antenatal care from DCH. Generally, knowledge on HBV and the infection was poor among the study participants. Knowledge on HBV infection was found to be associated with residential status (p=0.006), educational level (p<0.001), occupation (p<0.001), and gestational period (p<0.001). Participant’s knowledge was also significantly associated with the health facility (p=0.027). Conclusion. HBV infection among pregnant women is prevalent in the Ningo-Prampram District even though the prevalence is not very high. The majority of pregnant women in the Ningo-Prampram District inadequate knowledge on HBV infection and it mode of transmission. Intensive public health education on the HBV infection is required in the district to help prevent and manage future transmissions as well as inform the population about the negative side effects of the virus and the need to prevent it by way of vaccination.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus infection and its determinants among HIV positive pregnant women: Multicenter unmatched case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0251084
Author(s):  
Zelalem Alamrew Anteneh ◽  
Estifanose Wondaye ◽  
Endalkachew Worku Mengesha
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) kills millions of people globally; it is worse in pregnant women. HBV and Human Immune Virus (HIV) co-infection is associated with increased liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed at identifying the determinants of HBV infection among HIV-positive pregnant women. Methods A multicentre unmatched case-control study was conducted among 109 cases (HBV/HIV co-infected) and 327 controls (HIV positive) pregnant women in seven hospitals of the Eastern Amhara region. Interview and chart review data collection techniques were employed by trained personnel. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of hepatitis B virus infection. Variables with a p-value of <0.05 and 95% confidence interval for odds ratio not containing 1 considered independent predictors of HBV infection. Results The findings of this study revealed that history of STI [AOR, 1.97, 95%CI, 1.09–3.56], hospital admission [AOR, 3.08, 95%CI, 1.69–5.61], traditional delivery care [AOR, 3.31, 95%CI, 1.72–6.37], family history of HBV [AOR, 3.33, 95%CI, 1.72–6.37], presence of opportunistic infections [AOR, 0.23, 95%CI, 0.12–0.58], viral load [AOR, 7.58, 95%CI, 3.18–8.01], CD4 count [AOR, 2.15, 95% CI, 1.01–4.59], anaemia [AOR, 3.07, 95% CI, 1.71–5.51] and unsafe sex [AOR, 1.98, 95%CI, 1.09–3.61] had a statistically significant association with HBV infection. Conclusions Several exposure variables had statistically significant association with HBV infection. High Viral Load appeared to be the largest predictor of HBV infection in HIV patients. Therefore, targeted interventions such as behavioral change intervention for unsafe sex and STI should be in place, and screening tests and treatment at the early stage of conception for both partners is necessary.

scholarly journals Development of a New Psychometric Assessment Tool for Predicting Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Rostami ◽  
Hamid Owaysee Osquee ◽  
Farshad Mahdavi ◽  
Sara Dousti
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Bartlett’S Test ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Cluster Correlation

Objectives: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnant women can lead to the development of serious complications in neonates. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a new tool for predicting this infection in pregnant women and to assess the psychometric properties of this scale. Materials and Methods:This methodological study was carried out on 220 pregnant women visiting Al-Zahra and Taleghani hospitals of Tabriz, Iran in 2019. First, the relevant items were formulated and the respective questionnaire was developed and then, the validity (i.e., face, content, and construct) and reliability of the questionnaire were assessed as well. The data were analyzed in SPSS 21 using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), dependent t test, and Cronbach alpha coefficient. Results: A 22-item questionnaire was designed and the items were scored using a five-point Likert-type scale (Min=22, Max=120). Finally, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value, Bartlett’s test of the Sphericity value, the internal consistency of the tool based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and the intra-cluster correlation coefficient were 0.801, 4035.810, 0.811, and 0.81, respectively. Conclusions: In general, the present tool can reliably predict HBV infection in pregnant women thus its application is recommended in preventing relevant complications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document