Abstract 1365: Virtual healthy control matching for renal impairment studies: A case study with glasdegib

Author(s):  
Brian Reilly ◽  
Naveed Shaik ◽  
Swan Lin
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benteng Martua Mahuraja Purba ◽  
Dewi Lidya Sidabutar ◽  
Alfian

The development of the times was followed by technological developments as well as the consumptive behavior of electronic devices such as smartphones. This technological progress has two impacts, namely positive and negative impacts. The positive impact is that humans get ease in accessing information, connecting with others quickly through social networks. The negative impact of smartphone usage on elementary school children is excessive use, plus there is no healthy control mechanism both at school and at home. The purpose of this paper is to focus on relevant Christian religious education without having to reject the progress of the times for students so that the problem of smartphone addiction can be anticipated early on. This research uses descriptive method and case study with a qualitative approach.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1117-1121
Author(s):  
Antonius Mattheus de Korte ◽  
René Aquarius ◽  
Thomas Vogl ◽  
Johannes Roth ◽  
Ronald H M A Bartels ◽  
...  

BackgroundInflammation-related factors might give further insight into the pathophysiology of vessel wall inflammation and intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture. One of these factors is the protein complex S100A8/A9, which is released by neutrophils, monocytes, and activated macrophages and is known for its role in cardiovascular disease.ObjectiveTo determine if venous S100A8/A9 levels in patients with a ruptured IA (rIA) or unruptured IA (uIA) are elevated compared with a control group. Second, to assess differences between venous and intra-aneurysmal S100A8/A9 levels of rIA and uIA patients.MethodsA prospective case study was performed between June 2016 and May 2017 in patients harboring a ruptured or unruptured saccular IA. Primary outcome measures were individual S100A8/A9 serum concentrations as measured in venous and intra-aneurysmal blood samples during endovascular treatment. Venous serum S100A8/A9 concentrations from a healthy control group served as a reference.ResultsWe included 16 patients with either a rIA or uIA and 47 healthy controls. Venous S100A8/A9 concentrations were higher in aneurysm patients (rIA and uIA) than those of healthy controls (P≤0.001). S100A8/A9 concentrations were higher in intra-aneurysmal samples than in venous samples of rIA patients (P=0.011). This difference was not found in uIA patients (P=0.054). Intra-aneurysmal S100A8/A9 levels were higher in rIAs than in uIAs (P=0.04).ConclusionsVenous S100A8/A9 levels are elevated in patients with both rIAs and uIAs compared with healthy controls and likely represents aneurysm wall inflammation. S100A8/A9 causes macrophage-induced inflammation and degeneration of the vessel wall which might explain higher intra-aneurysmal S100A8/A9 levels found in rIAs than in uIAs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Yasser Elsayed

Rationale: Left bundle branch block is a diagnostic utility for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction equivalent. Consequently, administration of thrombolytic is a pivotal step. Emergent Sgarbosa criteria and their modification are considered helpful guide keys. Wavy triple an electrocardiographic sign (Yasser Sign) is a novel diagnostic sign in hypocalcemia. Interestingly, the presentation of COVID-19 pneumonia with an intertwining left bundle branch block, renal impairment, and hypocalcemia has a risk impact on both morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients. Patient concerns: An elderly carpenter male COVID-19 patient was admitted to intensive care unit with COVID-19 pneumonia with interlacing left bundle branch block, renal impairment, and Wavy triple sign (Yasser’s sign). Diagnosis: Left bundle branch block and Wavy triple sign (Yasser’s sign) intertwining COVID-19 pneumonia with renal impairment. Interventions: Arterial blood gases, chest CT scan, electrocardiography, oxygenation, and echocardiography. Outcomes: Gradual dramatic clinical, electrocardiographic, and radiological improvement had happened. Lessons: The triage of the left bundle branch block with the COVID-19 patient is highly significant for both diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and giving thrombolytic. The combination of left bundle branch block, renal impairment, and hypocalcemia COVID-19 pneumonia signifies the risk in the current case study.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabin Bahadur Basnet ◽  
Santosh Pradhan ◽  
Rishi Kumar Kafle ◽  
Keyoor Gautam

Abstract Background Diabetes and its complications including renal impairment are the consequences of increased oxidative stress. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is responsible for protection from harmful oxidative metabolites. G6PD deficiency hence leaves these individuals at high risk of oxidative stress and at high risk of diabetes and its complications including renal impairment. If any association between G6PD deficiency and damage to kidney exists in diabetic population then screening for G6PD deficiency in this population will help identify the susceptible patient who may be at higher risk of diabetic complications due to G6PD deficiency and can prevent them with early interventions to help decrease patients’ morbidity in the long run. Methods Healthy control volunteers and diabetic with or without renal impairment were selected after counseling. Body Mass Index and blood pressure were recorded. Blood tests to measure the G6PD activity in fresh whole blood, hemoglobin, glycated hemoglobin, uric acid, and creatinine were done. Urine was tested for the presence of proteinuria. The activity of G6PD was measured. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study (MDRD) Equation. Calculations and statistical analysis were done with open software LibreOffice 6.3.3 and SPSS version 22.0.Results The mean G6PD level of healthy control was 84.27 ± 9 and that of diabetic patient without renal impairment and diabetic patients with renal impairment were 65.05 ± 5.35 and 46.64 ± 6.56 respectively. There was only one participant (4.55%) with G6PD deficiency among healthy controls whereas the proportion of participants having normal, mild to moderate, and severe degree of G6PD deficiency were 77.27%, 13.64%, and 9.09%, respectively for diabetic patient without renal impairment while 40.91%, 22.73%, and 36.36% for those with renal impairment. The proportion of participants with renal impairment had more severe degree of G6PD deficiencies than those without renal impairment (p=0.03).Conclusion The prevalence of G6PD deficiency was higher in diabetics with renal impairment than those with diabetes alone suggesting the relation between G6PD activity and diabetes with renal impairment.


Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 5572-5572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Jin ◽  
Michelle Robeson ◽  
Huafeng Zhou ◽  
Grace Hisoire ◽  
Srini Ramanathan

Abstract Abstract 5572 Background Idelalisib (IDELA) is a potent competitive inhibitor of the ATP binding site of the PI3K p110δ catalytic domain, which has been shown to be prominently expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin. Pharmacokinetics of IDELA and its major metabolite GS-563117 have been assessed in a number of clinical studies in healthy subjects and patients with hematologic malignancies. IDELA is metabolized primarily by aldehyde oxidase to form GS-563117 and to a lesser extent by CYP3A and UGT1A4. Based on a human mass balance study, renal elimination plays a minor role on elimination of IDELA (∼ 15% of dose excreted in urine). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and safety of IDELA and GS-563117 in subjects with severe renal impairment following administration of a single oral dose of IDELA. Methods Subjects with severe renal impairment (RI) (eGFR 15 – 29 ml/min) and healthy controls (eGFR ≥ 80 ml/min) matched for age, gender, and body mass index received IDELA 150 mg single dose. Blood and urine samples for IDELA and GS-563117 were collected over 6 days post-dose and were measured using a validated LC/MS/MS method. The ratio and 90% confidence interval of the least squares geometric means of PK exposure parameters in the renal impairment group versus matched controls were calculated, with clinically relevant exposure change defined as ≥ two-fold increase. Safety assessments were performed throughout the study. Results A total of 12 subjects were enrolled in the study. The majority of subjects were female, white, and of nonHispanic/Latino ethnicity, and the median age was similar between the 2 groups (65 years of age for the severe group and 63 years for the healthy control group). Study treatments were generally well tolerated. Overall, 6 of 12 subjects (50.0%; 1 subject with severe renal impairment and 5 healthy matched control subjects) reported a total of 10 AEs; all were Grade 1 (mild) in severity. The most frequently reported AE was headache followed by nausea. No clinically significant abnormal changes were observed in vital signs (temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate) and ECG results from baseline. Single oral doses of IDELA 150 mg were well tolerated. Following single oral administration of IDELA 150 mg, IDELA AUClast, AUCinf, and Cmax geometric least-squares mean ratio were 127%, 127%, and 105%, respectively, between subjects with severe renal impairment relative to matched control subjects (Table 1). Consistently, GS-563117 AUClast, AUCinf, and Cmax geometric least-squares mean ratio were 124%, 124%, and 96%, respectively, between subjects with severe renal impairment relative to matched control subjects. These minimal changes observed in IDELA and GS-563117 exposure in severe renal impairment vs matched control subjects are not considered to be clinically meaningful. There were no relevant relationships between IDELA or GS-563117 exposures and baseline estimated creatinine clearance. Conclusion There were no clinically relevant differences in the pharmacokinetics of IDELA or its primary metabolite GS563117 between subjects with severe renal impairment and matched healthy control subjects following a single oral dose of IDELA 150 mg. Dose adjustments for IDELA are not considered necessary in subjects with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment following oral administration. Single oral doses of IDELA 150 mg were well tolerated. Disclosures: Jin: Gilead Sciences: Employment, Equity Ownership. Robeson:Gilead Sciences: Employment, Equity Ownership. Zhou:Gilead Sciences: Employment, Equity Ownership. Hisoire:Gilead Sciences: Employment, Equity Ownership. Ramanathan:Gilead Sciences: Employment, Equity Ownership.


2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Preston ◽  
Grigor Mamikonyan ◽  
Mushtaque Mastim ◽  
Dyal Garg ◽  
Christopher J. Kemper ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT WCK 4282 is a combination product of cefepime (FEP) and tazobactam (TAZ) in a 1:1 ratio currently under development for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. We investigated the effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of WCK 4282 in 48 subjects with various degrees of renal function. Subjects were categorized on the basis of their Cockcroft-Gault equation-estimated creatinine clearance (CLCR). We enrolled 6 subjects each into those with mild (CLCR, 60 to <90 ml/min), moderate (CLCR, 30 to <60 ml/min), or severe (CLCR, <30 ml/min) renal impairment and those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring hemodialysis and 24 healthy control subjects (CLCR, ≥90 ml/min). Healthy subjects and subjects with mild and moderate renal impairment received a single 90-min infusion of 4 g of WCK 4282 (2 g FEP and 2 g TAZ). Subjects with severe renal impairment and ESRD received 2 g of WCK 4282 (1 g FEP and 1 g TAZ) over 90 min. The plasma exposure of FEP-TAZ increased as renal function decreased. In subjects with mild, moderate, and severe renal impairment and ESRD, the mean exposure (area under the plasma concentration versus time curve from time zero extrapolated to infinity) of FEP and TAZ increased by 1.3- and 1.2-fold, 2.3- and 2.3-fold, 4.7- and 4.0-fold, and 8.5- and 11.6-fold, respectively. The urinary recovery of FEP and TAZ decreased with increasing renal impairment. There were no adverse events reported during the study. The findings suggest that dose adjustments for WCK 4282 will be required according to the degree of renal impairment. A single infusion of WCK 4282 was found to be safe and well tolerated in subjects with normal and impaired renal function. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02709382.)


2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Preston ◽  
Grigor Mamikonyan ◽  
Stephane DeGraff ◽  
James Chiou ◽  
Christopher J. Kemper ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT WCK 5222 is a novel β-lactam–β-lactam-enhancer combination of cefepime (FEP) and zidebactam (ZID). ZID is a novel β-lactam enhancer with a dual action of binding to Gram-negative penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) and β-lactamase inhibition. WCK 5222 is being developed as a new therapeutic option for the treatment of complicated multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogen infections. We investigated the effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of WCK 5222 in 48 subjects based on Cockcroft-Gault-estimated creatinine clearance (CLCR). We enrolled mild (n = 6; CLCR, 60 to <90 ml/min), moderate (n = 6; CLCR, 30 to <60 ml/min), and severe (n = 6; CLCR, <30 ml/min; not on dialysis) impairment, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) (n = 6), and matched normal controls (n = 24; CLCR, ≥90 ml/min). Healthy control subjects and mild and moderate renal impairment subjects received a single 60-min intravenous (i.v.) infusion of 3 g WCK 5222 (2 g FEP/1 g ZID); severe renal impairment and HD subjects received a single 60-min i.v. infusion of 1.5 g WCK 5222 (1 g FEP plus 0.5 g ZID). Body and renal clearance decreased, and plasma half-life (t1/2) and the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero extrapolated to infinity (AUC0–∞ [h µg/ml]) increased in a graded relationship with severity of renal impairment for both FEP and ZID. Our findings suggest that dose adjustments for WCK 5222 will be required according to the degree of renal impairment. Overall, WCK 5222 (FEP-ZID) was found to be safe and well tolerated in subjects with normal and impaired renal function. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02942810.)


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xia Gao ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Weidong Feng ◽  
Zichuan Xu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  

Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is widely known as a key regulator of lipid metabolism. We investigated the relationship between ANGPTL4 expression in serum or urine and blood lipid or urine protein levels of patients with hyperlipidemia- (HL-) related proteinuria. Sixty-eight patients with HL-related proteinuria (HL-Pro group), 68 patients with HL without proteinuria (HL-NPro group), 46 patients with non-HL-related proteinuria (NHL-Pro group), and 50 healthy control (Con) subjects were selected. There were no significant differences in serum ANGPTL4 levels between the Con group (36.82±17.03 ng/ml) and the HL-Pro group (27.94 (18.90, 53.72) ng/ml). Additionally, the serum ANGPTL4 levels in the HL-Pro group were significantly lower than those in the HL-NPro group (53.32±24.01 ng/ml) (P<0.001). The urine ANGPTL4/Cr levels in the HL-Pro group (52.01 (45.25, 79.79) μg/g) were significantly higher than those in the HL-NPro group (9.96 (8.35, 12.43) ng/ml) (P<0.05). A significant alteration in urine ANGPTL4/Cr levels was observed in the NHL-Pro group (69.41±55.36 μg/g) and the Con group (10.08±2.38 μg/g) as well. There was no correlation between serum and urine ANGPTL4 levels of the four groups (P>0.05). Serum ANGPTL4 levels (HL-Pro/HL-NPro group) were positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in hyperlipidemia patients. However, there was no correlation between urinary ANGPTL4 levels and TC or TG (P>0.05). Urine ANGPTL4 levels were positively correlated with 24hUPro in patients with renal impairment (HL-Pro/NHL-Pro group). To summarize, ANGPTL4 may be considered an accurate predictor of proteinuria with HL. Notably, serum or urine ANGPTL4 levels indicated the degree of proteinuria or hyperlipidemia, respectively, in HL patients.


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