scholarly journals Association of Adherence to a Healthy Diet with Cognitive Decline in European and American Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Consortium

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes A.M. Berendsen ◽  
Jae H. Kang ◽  
Ondine van de Rest ◽  
Nicole Jankovic ◽  
Ellen Kampman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Health Study

Aim: To examine the association between a healthy diet, assessed by the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), and cognitive decline in older adults. Methods: Data from 21,837 participants aged ≥55 years from 3 cohorts (Survey in Europe on Nutrition and the Elderly, a Concerted Action [SENECA], Rotterdam Study [RS], Nurses' Health Study [NHS]) were analyzed. HDI scores were based on intakes of saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, mono- and disaccharides, protein, cholesterol, fruits and vegetables, and fiber. The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status in NHS and Mini-Mental State Examination in RS and SENECA were used to assess cognitive function from multiple repeated measures. Using multivariable-adjusted, mixed linear regression, mean differences in annual rates of cognitive decline by HDI quintiles were estimated. Results: Multivariable-adjusted differences in rates in the highest versus the lowest HDI quintile were 0.01 (95% CI -0.01, 0.02) in NHS, 0.00 (95% CI -0.02, 0.01) in RS, and 0.00 (95% CI -0.05, 0.05) in SENECA with a pooled estimate of 0.00 (95% CI -0.01, 0.01), I2 = 0%. Conclusions: A higher HDI score was not related to reduced rates of cognitive decline in European and American older adults.

scholarly journals Plasma phospholipid very-long-chain saturated fatty acids and incident diabetes in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Amanda M Fretts ◽  
Colleen M Sitlani ◽  
Mary L Biggs ◽  
Kenneth Mukamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Long Chain

Nutrition to Prevent or Treat Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A GRADE Recommendation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
F. Buckinx ◽  
M. Aubertin-Leheudre
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Modifiable Factor ◽  
High Level ◽  
Low Consumption

Aging is associated with cognitive declines leading to mild cognitive impairments or Alzheimer disease. Nutrition appear to protect from aging. Some dietary factors could either increase or protect against cognitive declines. This article aimed to provide GRADE recommendations related to nutrition aspects able to prevent or to treat cognitive impairments. A comprehensive literature review was performed using Medline database. The GRADE approach was used to classify quality of the existing evidence (systematic review or meta-analysis).The GRADE process led us to formulate seven key nutritional recommendations to manage cognitive declines, but did not allow us to do it for protein, vitamin B or antioxidants. Thus, 1) adherence to a Mediterranean diet (GRADE 1B); 2) high-level of consumption of mono- or poly- unsaturated fatty acids combined to a low consumption of saturated fatty acids (GRADE 1B); 3) high consumption of fruits and vegetables (GRADE 1B); 4) higher vitamin D intake (GRADE 1C) than the recommended daily allowance. In addition, a ketogenic diet, a low consumption of whole-fat dairy products or a caloric restriction are promising nutritional habits although the evidence does not yet support widespread uptake (GRADE 2C). In conclusion, nutrition is an important modifiable factor to prevent or protect against cognitive decline. Nevertheless, more studies are required to determine specific guidelines such as duration and amounts of nutrients to help older adult to maintain a healthy cognitive life.

scholarly journals Cognitive decline and alcohol consumption adjusting for functional status over a 3-year period in French speaking community living older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. e177-e184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen-Maria Vasiliadis ◽  
Marie-Christine Payette ◽  
Djamal Berbiche ◽  
Sébastien Grenier ◽  
Carol Hudon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Service Use ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Changing Patterns

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of alcohol consumption on cognitive decline is not clear. We aimed to study the association between alcohol consumption and cognitive functioning controlling for functional heath status.MethodsA total of 1610 older adults with a score ≥26 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were followed to assess the change in scores at the 3-year follow-up. Information on alcohol consumption as well as socio-demographic, lifestyle, psychosocial and clinical factors, as well as health service use were assessed at baseline and 3-year follow-up interviews. Linear mixed models with repeated measures were used stratifying by functional status.ResultsClose to 73% reported consuming alcohol in the past 6 months, of which 11% were heavy drinkers (≥11 and ≥16 drinks for women and men). A significant decrease in MMSE scores was observed in low functioning non-drinkers (−1.48; 95% CI: −2.06, −0.89) and light to moderate drinkers (−0.99; 95% CI: −1.54, −0.44) and high functioning non-drinkers (−0.51; 95% CI: −0.91, −0.10).ConclusionsAlcohol consumption did not contribute to cognitive decline. Cognitive decline was greater in individuals reporting low functional status. Research should focus on the interaction between changing patterns of alcohol consumption and social participation in individuals with low and high functioning status.

Abstract MP014: Very Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Diabetes Risk: Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies in the FORCE Consortium

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Fretts ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Chaoyu Yu ◽  
Alexis C Frazier-Wood ◽  
Maria Lankinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Long Chain

Background: Circulating saturated fatty acids are biomarkers of diet and metabolism that may influence the pathogenesis of diabetes. Unlike palmitic acid (16:0), which has been extensively studied, little is known of the relationship of very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs), with 20 carbons or more, to diabetes risk. Objective: To investigate the associations of circulating levels of VLSFA with incident diabetes. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted within a consortium of prospective (cohort or nested case-control) studies having circulating measures of one or more VLSFAs, including arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0) and lignoceric acid (24:0). Standardized analysis was conducted in each study using pre-specified models, exposures, outcomes, and covariates. Study-specific estimates were pooled using fixed effects meta-analysis. Results: Current findings were based on 9 participating studies, including 46,549 total participants and 13,750 incident diabetes. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, higher levels of all 3 VLSFAs were associated with lower risk of incident diabetes. Pooled RRs (95% CI) per interquintile range were 0.80 (0.71-0.90) for 20:0; 0.83 (0.76-0.91) for 22:0; and 0.70 (0.63-0.79) for 24:0, after adjustment for demographics, lifestyle factors and clinical conditions. Additional adjustments for circulating palmitic acid and triglyceride levels moved the RRs toward the null (illustrated for 24:0, in model 3 of the Figure ). Conclusions: Based on meta-analysis of results from several studies around the world, biomarker levels of VLSFA are associated with lower risk of incident diabetes, potentially mediated by effects on circulating triglycerides and 16:0.

Abstract 22: Visit-to-Visit Variability in Blood Pressure is Related to Late-Life Cognitive Decline

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Qin ◽  
Anthony J Viera ◽  
Linda S Adair ◽  
Brenda L Plassman ◽  
Lloyd J Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Nutrition Survey

Introduction: Recent studies suggest higher visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure (BP) is associated with worse cognitive function, but evidence based on longitudinal cognitive testing has not been reported. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that higher visit-to-visit variability in BP, but not mean BP, would be associated with faster decline in cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised 1213 adults who had two or more waves of BP measurements as part of the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991, up to their first cognitive tests, and completed a cognitive screening test at two or more waves in 1997, 2000 or 2004. Mean (SD) age at first cognitive test was 64 (6) y. Outcomes were repeated measures of global cognitive scores (baseline mean ± SD: 19 ± 6 points), standardized composite cognitive and verbal memory scores (standardized units [SU]). Visit-to visit BP variability was expressed as the standard deviation [SD] or as the variation independent of mean (SD/mean^x, with x derived from curve fitting) in BP measures obtained at a mean interval of 3.6 years. Multivariable-adjusted linear mixed-effects models were used to determine the association of changes in cognitive scores with visit-to visit BP variability. Results: Higher visit-to-visit variability in systolic BP, but not mean systolic BP, was associated with a faster decline of cognitive function (adjusted mean difference [95% CI] for high vs. low tertile of SD in variability (Figure): global score -0.23 points/y [-0.41 to -0.04], composite scores -0.029 SU/y [-0.056 to -0.002] and verbal memory -0.044 SU/y [-0.075 to -0.012]). Higher visit-to-visit variability in diastolic BP was associated with a faster decline of global cognitive function only among adults 55-64 years, independent of mean diastolic BP. Conclusion: Higher long-term BP visit-to-visit variability predicted a faster rate of cognitive decline among older adults.

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