Association between Circulating Osteocalcin and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors following a 4-Week Leafy Green Vitamin K-Rich Diet

Background: Evidence suggests that lower serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) may be negatively associated with cardiometabolic health. We investigated whether individuals with a suppression of ucOC following an increase in dietary vitamin K1 exhibit a relative worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors. Materials and Methods: Men (n = 20) and women (n = 10) aged 62 ± 10 years participated in a randomized, controlled, crossover study. The primary analysis involved using data obtained from participants following a high vitamin K1 diet (HK; 4-week intervention of increased leafy green vegetable intake). High and low responders were defined based on the median percent reduction (30%) in ucOC following the HK diet. Blood pressure (resting and 24 h), arterial stiffness, plasma glucose, lipid concentrations, and serum OC forms were assessed. Results: Following the HK diet, ucOC and ucOC/tOC were suppressed more (p < 0.01) in high responders (41 and 29%) versus low responders (12 and 10%). The reduction in ucOC and ucOC/tOC was not associated with changes in blood pressure, arterial stiffness, plasma glucose, or lipid concentrations in the high responders (p > 0.05). Discussion/Conclusion: Suppression of ucOC via consumption of leafy green vegetables has no negative effects on cardiometabolic health, perhaps, in part, because of cross-talk mechanisms.

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Effects of Moderate Combined Resistance- and Aerobic-Exercise for 12 Weeks on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Blood Pressure, Arterial Stiffness, and Physical Functions, among Obese Older Men: A Pilot Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17197233 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (19) ◽

pp. 7233

Author(s):

Wonil Park ◽

Won-Sang Jung ◽

Kwangseok Hong ◽

Yae-Young Kim ◽

Sung-Woo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Composition ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Older Men ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Maximal Heart Rate ◽

Combined Exercise ◽

Physical Functions

We demonstrated the hypothesis that combined exercise improves body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, blood pressure (BP), arterial stiffness, and physical functions, in obese older men. Older men (n = 20) were randomly assigned to combined exercise training (EXP; n = 10) or control groups (CON; n = 10). The combined exercise was comprised of elastic-band resistance training and walking/running on a treadmill and bicycle at 60–70% of maximal heart rate for 3 days/weeks. EXP showed significant decreases in body weight, body mass index, and %body fat (p < 0.05). The exercise program significantly reduced BP, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Furthermore, while the plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and epinephrine were significantly reduced in EXP, VO2 peak and grip strength were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). In conclusion, it is indicated that 12-week regular combined exercise improves body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, hemodynamics, and physical performance in obese older men.

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Abstract P089: Fitness and Fatness Are Both Associated With Cardiometabolic Health in 8-10 Year Old New Zealand Children

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.p089 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Lee Stoner ◽

Nicholas Castro ◽

Paula Skidmore ◽

Sally Lark ◽

James Faulkner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

New Zealand ◽

Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cumulative Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

High Fitness

Introduction: In adults, low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and overweight-obesity are associated with greater cardiometabolic disease risk. However, the association between measures of CRF and overweight-obesity upon cardiometabolic risk in youth, particularly pre-adolescents, is less clear. Further, previous studies in children have predominantly examined the relationships between CRF and overweight-obesity upon individual cardiometabolic risk factors. The clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors has been recognized for over two decades, including in young children. Hypothesis: We tested the null hypothesis of no association between clustered cardiometabolic risk factors and high CRF or overweight-obesity. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 392 children (50% F) aged 8-10 years from three representative sample sites across New Zealand. Overweight-obesity was classified according to 2007 WHO criteria for Body Mass Index. CRF was estimated using a shuttle run test, and high CRF was categorized as a maximum oxygen uptake exceeding 35 ml/kg/min in girls, and 42 ml/kg/min in boys. Eleven traditional and novel cardiometabolic risk factors were measured: peripheral blood pressures, central systolic blood pressure, heart rate, augmentation index, fasting total cholesterol, high density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, triglycerides, serum glucose, and glycosylated haemoglobin. Principal component analysis identified underlying cardio-metabolic factors, and a 2-way (high fitness, overweight-obese) analysis of co-variance was used to determine associations between cardio-metabolic risk factors with fitness and overweight-obesity. Covariates were: age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status. Results: Principle component analysis revealed four underling factors: blood pressure, cholesterol, vascular, and carbohydrate-metabolism. Using these factors, a cumulative risk score was also calculated. Only high CRF (P=0.001, Eta=0.028) was significantly associated with the blood pressure factor. Only overweight-obesity associated with vascular (P=0.010, Eta=0.018) and carbohydrate-metabolism (P=0.005, Eta=0.021) factors. Neither high fitness (p=0.728) nor overweight-obesity (P=0.121) significantly associated with cholesterol. For the cumulative risk score, there was an interaction effect (P=0.038, Eta=0.012). High CRF improved cardiometabolic risk in overweight-obese children (P=0.006, Eta=0.02), but not in normal weight children. Conversely, being overweight-obese increased cardiometabolic health risk in children with low fat levels (P<0.001, Eta=0.039), but not in high fit children. Conclusions: In pre-adolescent children, fitness and fatness associate with different cardio-metabolic risk. With regards to overall cardio-metabolic risk, high fitness may protect against overweight-obesity.

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Cardiometabolic health in adolescence and its association with educational outcomes

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2019-212256 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (12) ◽

pp. 1071-1077 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paulina Correa-Burrows ◽

Estela Blanco ◽

Sheila Gahagan ◽

Raquel Burrows

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Educational Outcomes ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Grade Point

AimTo explore the association of selected cardiometabolic biomarkers and metabolic syndrome (MetS) with educational outcomes in adolescents from Chile.MethodsOf 678 participants, 632 (52% males) met criteria for the study. At 16 years, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein and glucose were measured. A continuous cardiometabolic risk score (zMetS) using indicators of obesity, lipids, glucose and blood pressure was computed, with lower values denoting a healthier cardiometabolic proﬁle. MetS was diagnosed with the International Diabetes Federation/American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute joint criteria. Data on high school (HS) graduation, grade point average (GPA), college examination rates and college test scores were collected. Data were analysed controlling for sociodemographic, lifestyle and educational confounders.ResultzMetS, WC, TG and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance at 16 years were negatively and significantly associated with the odds of completing HS and taking college exams. Notably, for a one-unit increase in zMetS, we found 52% (OR: 0.48, 95% CI 0.227 to 0.98) and 39% (OR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.93) reduction in the odds of HS completion and taking college exams, respectively. The odds of HS completion and taking college exams in participants with MetS were 37% (95% CI 0.14 to 0.98) and 33% (95% CI 0.15 to 0.79) that of participants with no cardiometabolic risk factors. Compared with adolescents with no risk factors, those with MetS had lower GPA (515 vs 461 points; p=0.002; Cohen’s d=0.55). Adolescents having the MetS had significantly lower odds of passing the mathematics exam for college compared with peers with no cardiometabolic risk factors (OR: 0.49; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.95).ConclusionIn Chilean adolescents, cardiometabolic health was associated with educational outcomes.

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Association of Breakfast Quality and Energy Density with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight/Obese Children: Role of Physical Activity

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10081066 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1066 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lide Arenaza ◽

Victoria Muñoz-Hernández ◽

María Medrano ◽

Maddi Oses ◽

Maria Amasene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Energy Density ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

There is a general belief that having breakfast is an important healthy lifestyle factor; however, there is scarce evidence on the influence of breakfast quality and energy density on cardiometabolic risk in children, as well as on the role of physical activity in this association. The aims of this paper were (i) to examine the associations of breakfast quality and energy density from both solids and beverages with cardiometabolic risk factors, and (ii) to explore whether physical activity levels may attenuate these relationships in children with overweight/obesity from two projects carried out in the north and south of Spain. Breakfast consumption, breakfast quality index (BQI) score, BEDs/BEDb (24 h-recalls and the KIDMED questionnaire), and physical activity (PA; accelerometry) were assessed, in 203 children aged 8–12 years who were overweight or obese. We measured body composition (Dual X-ray Absorptiometry), uric acid, blood pressure, lipid profile, gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), glucose, and insulin, and calculated the HOMA and metabolic syndrome z-score. The BQI score was inversely associated with serum uric acid independently of a set of relevant confounders (β = −0.172, p = 0.028), but the relationship was attenuated after further controlling for total PA (p < 0.07). BEDs was positively associated with total and HDL cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure regardless of confounders (all p < 0.05), while BEDb was positively associated with HOMA in either active/inactive children (all p < 0.03). In conclusion, higher breakfast quality and lower breakfast energy density should be promoted in overweight/obesity children to improve their cardiometabolic health.

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Abstract P127: Ayurveda Improves Arterial Stiffness and Cardiometabolic Risk in Coronary Patients: A Prospective Pilot Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.p127 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Robert DuBroff ◽

Vasant Lad ◽

Cristina Murray-Krezan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Medicinal Herbs ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Yoga Meditation

Introduction: Ayurveda is the ancient East Indian holistic approach to health that includes yoga, meditation, breathing exercises, medicinal herbs, and other practices. Although it has been practiced for nearly 5000 years there is little objective data regarding its efficacy in coronary disease. Hypothesis: Can the addition of Ayurveda to usual care improve markers and risk factors of cardiovascular disease? Methods: Twenty-six volunteers with a history of prior myocardial infarction, coronary bypass surgery, or coronary angioplasty/stent were recruited from the University of New Mexico cardiology clinics. Each patient underwent consultation with a single Ayurvedic specialist and received personalized instruction in daily yoga, meditation, breathing, medicinal herbs, and a caloric unrestricted Ayurvedic diet. Standardized measurements of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity) and cardiometabolic risk factors were obtained at baseline and after 90 days of therapy. Results: Nineteen patients, mean age 71.6 years, completed the study, six dropped out and one was lost to follow up. Among hypertensive patients (n=15), 60% (9 of 15) had either a >10 mm Hg drop in systolic blood pressure (n=4) or required a reduction in anti-hypertensive medications due to persistent systolic blood pressure < 110 mm Hg (n=5). Statistical analysis was performed using the paired student’s t test. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that short term Ayurvedic therapy improves arterial stiffness and many cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease. These findings support the need for a randomized controlled trial to further study the effects of Ayurveda on cardiovascular disease.

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Increased monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio in vitamin B12 deficiency: is it related to cardiometabolic risk?

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000668 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Sanem Kayhan ◽

Nazli Gulsoy Kirnap ◽

Mercan Tastemur

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

Deficiency Group

Abstract. Vitamin B12 deficiency may have indirect cardiovascular effects in addition to hematological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It was shown that the monocyte count-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) is a novel cardiovascular marker. In this study, the aim was to evaluate whether MHR was high in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and its relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors. The study included 128 patients diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency and 93 healthy controls. Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), MHR, C-reactive protein (CRP) and uric acid levels compared with the controls (median 139 vs 115 mmHg, p < 0.001; 80 vs 70 mmHg, p < 0.001; 14.2 vs 9.5, p < 0.001; 10.2 vs 4 mg/dl p < 0.001; 6.68 vs 4.8 mg/dl, p < 0.001 respectively). The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was higher in vitamin B12 deficiency group (43.8%) than the control group (8.6%) (p < 0.001). In vitamin B12 deficiency group, a positive correlation was detected between MHR and SBP, CRP and uric acid (p < 0.001 r:0.34, p < 0.001 r:0.30, p < 0.001 r:0.5, respectively) and a significant negative correlation was detected between MHR and T-CHOL, LDL, HDL and B12 (p < 0.001 r: −0.39, p < 0.001 r: −0.34, p < 0.001 r: −0.57, p < 0.04 r: −0.17, respectively). MHR was high in vitamin B12 deficiency group, and correlated with the cardiometabolic risk factors in this group, which were SBP, CRP, uric acid and HDL. In conclusion, MRH, which can be easily calculated in clinical practice, can be a useful marker to assess cardiovascular risk in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency.

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Association between maternal prepregnancy body mass index with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors: analysis of three Brazilian birth cohorts

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ◽

10.1017/s2040174421000179 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mariane da Silva Dias ◽

Alicia Matijasevich ◽

Ana Maria B. Menezes ◽

Fernando C. Barros ◽

Fernando C. Wehrmeister ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Prepregnancy Bmi ◽

Prepregnancy Body Mass Index

Abstract Evidence suggests that maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors. This study was aimed at assessing the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescence and adulthood. We also evaluated whether offspring BMI was a mediator in this association. The study included mother–offspring pairs from three Pelotas birth cohorts. Offspring cardiometabolic risk factors were collected in the last follow-up of each cohort [mean age (in years) 30.2, 22.6, 10.9]. Blood pressure was measured using an automatic device, cholesterol by using an enzymatic colorimetric method, and glucose from fingertip blood, using a portable glucose meter. In a pooled analysis of the cohorts, multiple linear regression was used to control for confounding. Mediation analysis was conducted using G-computation formula. In the adjusted model, mean systolic blood pressure of offspring from overweight and obese mothers was on average 1.25 (95% CI: 0.45; 2.05) and 2.13 (95% CI: 0.66; 3.59) mmHg higher than that of offspring from normal-weight mothers; for diastolic blood pressure, the means were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.26; 1.34) and 2.60 (95% CI: 1.62; 3.59) mmHg higher, respectively. Non-HDL cholesterol was positively associated with maternal BMI, whereas blood glucose was not associated. Mediation analyses showed that offspring BMI explained completely the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with offspring systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and non-HDL cholesterol. Our findings suggest that maternal prepregnancy BMI is positively associated with offspring blood pressure, and blood lipids, and this association is explained by offspring BMI.

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Sex differences in the associations between adiposity distribution and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight or obese individuals: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11316-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yide Yang ◽

Ming Xie ◽

Shuqian Yuan ◽

Yuan Zeng ◽

Yanhui Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Body Fat ◽

Regression Models ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Whole Body ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Lower Odds

Abstract Background We aimed to assess the associations between adiposity distribution and cardiometabolic risk factors among overweight and obese adults in China, and to demonstrate the sex differences in these associations. Methods A total of 1221 participants (455 males and 766 females) were included in this study. Percentage of body fat (PBF) of the whole body and regional areas, including arm, thigh, trunk, android, and gynoid, were measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. Central adiposity was measured by waist circumference. Clustered cardiometabolic risk was defined as the presence of two or more of the six cardiometabolic risk factors, namely, high triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein, elevated glucose, elevated blood pressure, elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and low adiponectin. Linear regression models and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between whole body or regional PBF and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results In females, except arm adiposity, other regional fat (thigh, trunk, android, gynoid) and whole-body PBF are significantly associated with clustered cardiometabolic risk, adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and whole-body PBF. One-SD increase in Z scores of the thigh and gynoid PBF were significantly associated with 80 and 78% lower odds of clustered cardiometabolic risk (OR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.12–0.35 and OR: 0.22, 95%CI: 0.12–0.41). Trunk, android and whole-body PBF were significantly associated with higher odds of clustered risk with OR of 1.90 (95%CI:1.02–3.55), 2.91 (95%CI: 1.75–4.85), and 2.01 (95%CI: 1.47–2.76), respectively. While in males, one-SD increase in the thigh and gynoid PBF are associated with 94% (OR: 0.06, 95%CI: 0.02–0.23) and 83% lower odds (OR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.05–0.57) of clustered cardiometabolic risk, respectively. Android and whole-body PBF were associated with higher odds of clustered cardiometabolic risk (OR: 3.39, 95%CI: 1.42–8.09 and OR: 2.45, 95%CI: 1.53–3.92), but the association for trunk PBF was not statistically significant (OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 0.42–3.19). Conclusions Adiposity distribution plays an important role in the clustered cardiometabolic risk in participants with overweight and obese and sex differences were observed in these associations. In general, central obesity (measured by android PBF) could be the best anthropometric measurement for screening people at risk for CVD risk factors for both men and women. Upper body fat tends to be more detrimental to cardiometabolic health in women than in men, whereas lower body fat is relatively more protective in men than in women.

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Abstract P148: Neck Circumference as an Independent Contributor to Cardio Metabolic Risk Factors - ELSA BRASIL

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.131.suppl_1.p148 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Cristina P Baena ◽

Paulo A Lotufo ◽

Maria J Fonseca ◽

Isabela J Benseñor

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Primary Care ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Neck Circumference ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Men And Women ◽

Low Hdl

Background: Neck circumference is a proxy for upper body fat and it is a simple anthropometric measure. Therefore it could be a useful tool to identify individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors in the context of primary care. Hypothesis: Neck circumference is independently associated to cardiometabolic risk factors in an apparently healthy population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a cohort of 15105 civil servants aged 35-74 years. We excluded from this analysis those who fulfilled American Diabetes Association criteria for diabetes diagnosis, were taking antihypertensive and/or lipid-lowering drugs. A sex-specific analysis was conducted. Partial correlation (age-adjusted) was used. Risk factors were set as low HDL<50mg/dL for women and <40mg/dL for men, hypertriglyceridemia ≥ 150 mg/dl , hypertension as systolic blood pressure ≥130 mg/dl or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mm Hg and insulin resistance(HOMA-IR ≥ 75th percentile). Logistic regression models were built to analyze the association between individual and clustered risk factors as dependent variables and 1-SD increase in neck circumference as independent variable. Multiple adjustments were subsequently performed for age, smoking, alcohol, body-mass index, waist and physical activity. Receiver Operating Curves were employed to find the best NC cut-off points for clustered risk factors. Results: We analyzed 3810 men (mean age= 49.0 ±8.3 yrs) and 4916 women (49.2 ±8.0 yrs). Mean NC was 38.9 (±2.6)cm for men and 33.4(±2.6)cm for women. NC positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.21 and r=0.27), HOMA - IR (r=0.44), triglycerides (r=0.31) and negatively correlated with HDL (r= -0.21) in men (p<0.001 for all) with similar results in women. Fully adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) (95% CI) of risk factor per SD increase in neck circumference in men and women were 1.29(1.14;1.46) and 1.42(1.28;1.57) for insulin resistance; 1.24(1.11;1.39) and 1.25(1.11;1.40) for hypertension; 1.33(1.19;1.49) and 1.42(1.29;1.63) for hypertriglyceridemia; 1.07(0.92;1.23) and 1.32 (1.19;1.43) for low HDL. Fully adjusted OR (95% CI) of 2 clustered risk factor per SD increase in neck circumference in men and women were 1.29(1.14;1.48) and 1.37(1.21;1.54 ). Fully adjusted OR (95% CI) of 3 or more clustered risk factors per SD increase in neck circumference in men and women were 1.33 (1.02;1.74) and 1.62 (1.33;1.92). Values of neck circumference of >40 cm for men and >34.1 cm for women were the best cut-off points for 3 or more clustered risk factors. Conclusion: Neck circumference is significantly and independently associated to cardiometabolic risk factors in a well-defined non-treated population. It should be considered as a marker of cardio metabolic risk factors in primary care settings.

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Relationship Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2017-0090 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 779-784 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽

Amanda E. Staiano

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to pediatric 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate to vigorous physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) and cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods:The sample included 357 white and African American children aged 5–18 years. Physical activity, television viewing, and sleep duration were measured using questionnaires, and the 24-hour movement guidelines were defined as ≥60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity on ≥5 days per week, ≤ 2 hours per day of television, and sleeping 9–11 hours per night (ages 5–13 y) or 8–10 hours per night (ages 14–18 y). Waist circumference, body fat, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose were measured in a clinical setting.Results:A total of 26.9% of the sample met none of the guidelines, whereas 36.4%, 28.3%, and 8.4% of the sample met 1, 2, or all 3 guidelines, respectively. There were significant associations between the number of guidelines met and body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, triglycerides, and glucose. There were no associations with blood pressure or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions:Meeting more components of the 24-hour movement guidelines was associated with lower levels of obesity and several cardiometabolic risk factors. Future efforts should consider novel strategies to simultaneously improve physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in children.

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