Development of Urinary Diagnostic Biomarker for IgA Nephropathy by Lectin Microarray

Introduction: The pathogenic roles of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 have been reported. However, it is unexplored whether the profiling of urinary glycans contributes to the diagnosis of IgAN. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study enrolling 493 patients who underwent renal biopsy at Okayama University Hospital between December 2010 and September 2017. We performed lectin microarray in urine samples and investigated whether c-statistics of the reference standard diagnosis model employing hematuria, proteinuria, and serum IgA were improved by adding the urinary glycan intensity. Results: Among 45 lectins, 3 lectins showed a significant improvement of the models: Amaranthus caudatus lectin (ACA) with the difference of c-statistics 0.038 (95% CI: 0.019–0.058, p < 0.001), Agaricus bisporus lectin (ABA) 0.035 (95% CI: 0.015–0.055, p < 0.001), and Maackia amurensis lectin (MAH) 0.035 (95% CI: 0.015–0.054, p < 0.001). In 3 lectins, each signal plus reference standard showed good reclassification (category-free NRI and relative IDI) and good model fitting associated with the improvement of AIC and BIC. Stratified by eGFR, the discriminatory ability of ACA plus reference standard was maintained, suggesting the robust renal function-independent diagnostic performance of ACA. By decision curve analysis, there was a 3.45% net benefit by adding urinary glycan intensity of ACA to the reference standard at the predefined threshold probability of 40%. Conclusions: The reduction of Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (T-antigen), Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (Sialyl T), and Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Sia(α2-6)GalNAc (disialyl-T) was suggested by binding specificities of 3 lectins. C1GALT1 and COSMC were responsible for the biosynthesis of these glycans, and they were known to be downregulated in IgAN. The urinary glycan analysis by ACA is a useful and robust noninvasive strategy for the diagnosis of IgAN.

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Hepatitis A Seroprevalence Among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran During 2016-2017

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871526519666191009144848 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 748-751

Author(s):

Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi ◽

Neda Alijani ◽

Mohammadreza Salehi ◽

Omid Dadras ◽

SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reasonable Approach ◽

The Difference ◽

Prevention Method

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of exposure to hepatitis A by means of serologic markers in chronic hepatitis B patients, with the secondary aim of finding the best prevention method for hepatitis A infection in susceptible groups of our setting. Methods: During the period between 2016 and 2017, we recruited 403 hepatitis B patients aged more than 14 years and regularly attending the infectious diseases clinic at a referral university hospital, Tehran, Iran. A blood sample was collected from all the patients and tested for hepatitis A IgG. The data was analyzed by SPSS v.19. Results: Although none of the patients had previously received hepatitis A vaccine, the results for serologic level of hepatitis A IgG, demonstrated positive results in 379 (94%) cases. The mean age of patients with negative and positive IgG was 29.17 and 42.46 years, respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P≤0.001). The majority of seronegative patients were young adults aged < 25 years and 25 to 35 years (P <0.001). Conclusion: Seroprevalence of hepatitis A in chronic HBV patients in Iran is high. As HBV infected patients younger than 35 years could be seronagative for HAV infection, evaluation of these patients for HAV infection and vaccination of seronegative patients would be a reasonable approach.

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Panchromatic colorings of random hypergraphs

Discrete Mathematics and Applications ◽

10.1515/dma-2021-0003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 19-41

Author(s):

D. A. Kravtsov ◽

N. E. Krokhmal ◽

D. A. Shabanov

Keyword(s):

Binomial Model ◽

Threshold Probability ◽

The Difference ◽

Random Hypergraphs

Abstract We study the threshold probability for the existence of a panchromatic coloring with r colors for a random k-homogeneous hypergraph in the binomial model H(n, k, p), that is, a coloring such that each edge of the hypergraph contains the vertices of all r colors. It is shown that this threshold probability for fixed r < k and increasing n corresponds to the sparse case, i. e. the case p = c n / ( n k ) $p = cn/{n \choose k}$ for positive fixed c. Estimates of the form c 1(r, k) < c < c 2(r, k) for the parameter c are found such that the difference c 2(r, k) − c 1(r, k) converges exponentially fast to zero if r is fixed and k tends to infinity.

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PHI density prospectively improves prostate cancer detection

World Journal of Urology ◽

10.1007/s00345-020-03585-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carsten Stephan ◽

Klaus Jung ◽

Michael Lein ◽

Hannah Rochow ◽

Frank Friedersdorff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Grey Zone ◽

Net Benefit ◽

Threshold Probability ◽

Free Psa ◽

Prostate Health Index ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Prostate Health

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the Prostate Health Index (PHI) density (PHID) in direct comparison with PHI in a prospective large cohort. Methods PHID values were calculated from prostate-specific antigen (PSA), free PSA and [− 2]proPSA and prostate volume. The 1057 patients included 552 men with prostate cancer (PCa) and 505 with no evidence of malignancy (NEM). In detail, 562 patients were biopsied at the Charité Hospital Berlin and 495 patients at the Sana Hospital Offenbach. All patients received systematic or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/ultrasound fusion-guided biopsies. The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves comparing areas under the ROC-curves (AUC). The decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed with the MATLAB Neural Network Toolbox. Results PHID provided a significant larger AUC than PHI (0.835 vs. 0.801; p = 0.0013) in our prospective cohort of 1057 men from 2 centers. The DCA had a maximum net benefit of ~ 5% for PHID vs. PHI between 35 and 65% threshold probability. In those 698 men within the WHO-calibrated PSA grey-zone up to 8 ng/ml, PHID was also significantly better than PHI (AUC 0.819 vs. 0.789; p = 0.0219). But PHID was not different from PHI in the detection of significant PCa. Conclusions Based on ROC analysis and DCA, PHID had an advantage in comparison with PHI alone to detect any PCa but PHI and PHID performed equal in detecting significant PCa.

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Comparison of PHI and PHI Density for Prostate Cancer Detection in a Large Retrospective Caucasian Cohort

Urologia Internationalis ◽

10.1159/000517891 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Robert Peters ◽

Carsten Stephan ◽

Klaus Jung ◽

Michael Lein ◽

Frank Friedersdorff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Prostate Volume ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Net Benefit ◽

Threshold Probability ◽

Free Psa ◽

Prostate Health Index ◽

Caucasian Cohort ◽

Prostate Health

Background: Beyond prostate-specific antigen (PSA), other biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) detection are available and need to be evaluated for clinical routine. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the Prostate Health Index (PHI) density (PHID) in comparison with PHI in a large Caucasian group >1,000 men. Methods: PHID values were used from available patient data with PSA, free PSA, and [−2]proPSA and prostate volume from 3 former surveys from 2002 to 2014. Those 1,446 patients from a single-center cohort included 701 men with PCa and 745 with no PCa. All patients received initial or repeat biopsies. The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves comparing area under the ROC curves (AUCs), precision-recall approach, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: PHID medians differed almost 2-fold between PCa (1.12) and no PCa (0.62) in comparison to PHI (48.6 vs. 33; p always <0.0001). However, PHID and PHI were equal regarding the AUC (0.737 vs. 0.749; p = 0.226), and the curves of the precision-recall analysis also overlapped in the sensitivity range between 70 and 100%. DCA had a maximum net benefit of only ∼5% for PHID versus PHI between 45 and 55% threshold probability. Contrary, in the 689 men with a prostate volume ≤40 cm3, PHI (AUC 0.732) showed a significant larger AUC than PHID (AUC 0.69, p = 0.014). Conclusions: Based on DCA, PHID had only a small advantage in comparison with PHI alone, while ROC analysis and precision-recall analysis showed similar results. In smaller prostates, PHI even outperformed PHID. The increment for PHID in this large Caucasian cohort is too small to justify a routine clinical use.

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Cost-benefit analysis of pharmacist interventions over 36 months in a university hospital

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001895 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 94

Author(s):

Maurilio de Souza Cazarim ◽

João Paulo Vilela Rodrigues ◽

Priscila Santos Calcini ◽

Thomas Einarson ◽

Leonardo Régis Leira Pereira

Keyword(s):

Marginal Cost ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Benefit Analysis ◽

Net Benefit ◽

Hospital Perspective ◽

Benefit Cost Ratio ◽

Tertiary Teaching

OBJECTIVE: To perform a cost-benefits analysis of a clinical pharmacy (CP) service implemented in a Neurology ward of a tertiary teaching hospital. METHODS: This is a cost-benefit analysis of a single arm, prospective cohort study performed at the adult Neurology Unit over 36 months, which has evaluated the results of a CP service from a hospital and Public Health System (PHS) perspective. The interventions were classified into 14 categories and the costs identified as direct medical costs. The results were analyzed by the total and marginal cost, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and the net benefit (NB). RESULTS: The total 334 patients were followed-up and the highest occurrence in 506 interventions was drug introduction (29.0%). The marginal cost for the hospital and avoided cost for PHS was US$182±32 and US$25,536±4,923 per year; and US$0.55 and US$76.4 per patient/year. The BCR and NB were 0.0, -US$26,105 (95%CI -31,850 – -10,610), -US$27,112 (95%CI -33,160–11,720) for the hospital and; 3.0 (95%CI 1.97–4.94), US$51,048 (95%CI 27,645–75,716) and, 4.6 (95%CI 2.24–10.05), US$91,496 (95%CI 34,700–168,050; p < 0.001) for the PHS, both considering adhered and total interventions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The CP service was not directly cost-benefit at the hospital perspective, but it presented savings for forecast cost related to the occurrence of preventable morbidities, measuring a good cost-benefit for the PHS.

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Status of microsatellite instability in different histomorphological patterns of colorectal carcinoma among a group of Bangladeshi people

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20214514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1799

Author(s):

Momammed Mustafizur Rahman ◽

Shabnam Imam ◽

Sayedatun Nessa ◽

A. K. M. Maruf Raza ◽

Farida Arjuman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Carcinoma ◽

Observational Study ◽

Microsatellite Instability ◽

University Hospital ◽

Biological Behavior ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Medical University

Background: This cross- sectional observational study was carried out with an aim to look for microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal carcinoma and their association with different histomorphological patterns and biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done in the Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during September 2014 to October 2015. A total of 39 surgically resected sample of colorectal carcinoma were included. Consent from each patient was taken. The samples were histopathologically evaluated according to the standard protocol. The statistical analyses were done using Statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS 15) for Windows.Results: A total of 39 cases of colorectal carcinoma were included in this study. Majority of the patients (55.5%) was in 6th decade in MSI and 29.1% were MSI absent group. The mean age was found 47.67±10.97 years in present group and 47.84±14.26 years in absent group. The difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). TNM stage with MSI was observed. The mean CEA level was 100.74±103.66 and 60.43±91.72. The mean Hb was 9.72±1.99 % and 9.92±2.17, the range was 7.2-12.2 and 4.6-13.4 among the groups. The mean difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Ulcerated was 3 (33.3%) and 19 (64.5%). Stage 3 tumor was 4 (44.4%) and 16 (51.6%). Grade 2 tumor was 5 (55.6%) and 17 (58.0%).Conclusions: For the first time in Bangladesh, this study was undertaken to evaluate the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer tissue and their association with different histomorphological patterns of colorectal carcinoma.

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Psychological and Physical Problems in Elderly People with Problems of Falls

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1112 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S659-S660

Author(s):

M. Mentis ◽

M. Gouva ◽

E. Antoniadou ◽

K. Mpourdoulis ◽

I. Kesoudidou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Health ◽

Elderly People ◽

The Elderly ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

University Hospital ◽

Psychological State ◽

Physical Damage ◽

The Difference ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionFalls of the elderly to a degree been associated with poor mental health, poor social support and poor physical health.ObjectivesTo investigate the falls of elderly people in relation to their mental and physical healthy.AimsTo compare the effects of falls in the elderly in the areas of mental and physical health.MethodsThe current study used purposive sampling compromised from 48 people that visited the emergency department at the Patras University Hospital in 2016. The inclusion criterion for participation was age (> 65 years). Data was collected using WHO's questionnaire, the WHOQUOL-BREF. Finally, data was analyzed using the test t test for independent samples.ResultsThe sample constituted by 39.6% of male and 61.4% of female. The average age of the sample was M = 75.89 years. In relation to mental health, the average of the elderly with a history of falls found M = 57.26 (SD = ± 22.87), while the other was found M = 74.45 (SD = ± 15.81). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05), while physical health although again the first group found to have a smaller average (M = 56.65, SD = ± 22.13) relative to the second group (M = 63.78, SD = ± 12.59) no statistical difference was observed.DiscussionsThese results demonstrates that falls beyond the physical damage that are immediately visible can as well create significant issues in the psychological state of the elderly exacerbating anxiety, fear and social isolation, which has been associated with depression event.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Evaluation of Bachelor’s Degree Nursing Program Assessment by Nurses Working at A University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study from Turkey

International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship ◽

10.1515/ijnes-2019-0029 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dilek Yılmaz ◽

Fatma Düzgün ◽

Derya Uzelli Yılmaz ◽

Yurdanur Dikmen

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Program Assessment ◽

Bachelor's Degree ◽

Nursing Program ◽

University Hospital ◽

Degree Programs ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Assessment ◽

The Difference

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the evaluation of integrated program, traditional and problem based programs in nursing by nurses working in a university hospital. The population of the study consisted of the 288 nurses. In the collection of research data, use was made of a Nurses’ Description Form and the Bachelor’s Degree Nursing Program Assessment Scale (BNPAS). It was found that the total mean BNPAS scores of nurses graduating from the integrated educational program were higher than those of nurses graduating from traditional and problem-based learning educational programs (p < 0.05). The total mean BNPAS scores of nurses who followed professional scientific publications after graduation were higher than the scores of those who did not, and the difference was found to be significant (p < 0.05). It was concluded that nurses had positive assessment of the bachelor’s degree programs from which they graduated.

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Indwelling urinary catheters, aortic valve treatment and delirium: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021708 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. e021708 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Leslie SP Eide ◽

Anette H Ranhoff ◽

Sandra Lauck ◽

Bengt Fridlund ◽

Rune Haaverstad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Aortic Valve ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Postoperative Delirium ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

University Hospital ◽

Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽

The Difference ◽

Valve Implantation

ObjectivesTo determine whether an association exists between delirium and length of time indwelling urine catheters (IUC) are used in octogenarian patients treated with surgical aortic valve treatment (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).DesignProspective cohort study.SettingTertiary university hospital covering the western region of Norway.ParticipantsOctogenarian patients undergoing elective SAVR or TAVI and willing to participate in the study were eligible. Patients unable to speak Norwegian were excluded. Between 2011 and 2013, 143 consecutive patients were included, and data from 136 of them are presented.Primary outcomeDelirium.ResultsLogistic regression analysis shows that lower cognitive function was positively associated with delirium (OR 0.86, CI 0.74 to 0.99, p=0.047). Besides, the interaction term in the model shows that IUC use and delirium differed between SAVR and TAVI patients (p=0.04). The difference corresponded to a weaker association between hours of IUC use and delirium for SAVR (OR 1.01, CI: 0.99 to 1.03, p=0.54) compared with that for TAVI (OR 1.04, CI: 1.01 to 1.08, p=0.004).ConclusionsThe association between IUC use and delirium is stronger for octogenarian patients treated with TAVI than for patients who received SAVR. Our results revealed a previously unknown association between the number of hours an IUC is used and postoperative delirium in octogenarian patients treated with TAVI.

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Physical activity during pregnancy and its influence on delivery time: a randomized clinical trial

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.6370 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e6370 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque ◽

Juan Carlos Sánchez-García ◽

Antonio Manuel Sánchez-López ◽

María José Aguilar-Cordero

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Total Duration ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Exercise Group ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Difference

Introduction During pregnancy, women often change their lifestyle for fear of harmful effects on the child or themselves. In this respect, many women reduce the amount of physical exercise they take, despite its beneficial effects. Objective To determine the duration of labor in pregnant women who completed a program of moderate physical exercise in water and subsequently presented eutocic birth. Methods A randomized trial was performed with 140 healthy pregnant women, divided into an exercise group (EG) (n = 70) and a control group (CG) (n = 70). The women who composed the study population were recruited at 12 weeks of gestation. The intervention program, termed SWEP (Study of Water Exercise during Pregnancy) began in week 20 of gestation and ended in week 37. Perinatal outcomes were determined by examining the corresponding partographs, recorded by the Maternity Service at the Granada University Hospital Complex. Results The intervention phase of the study took place from June through October 2016, with the 120 women finally included in EG and CG (60 in each group). At term, 63% of the women in EG and 56% of those in CG had a eutocic birth. The average total duration of labor was 389.33 ± 216.18 min for the women in EG and 561.30 ± 199.94 min for those in CG, a difference of approximately three hours (p < 0.001). Conclusions The women who exercised in water during their pregnancy presented a shorter duration of labor than those who did not. The difference was especially marked with respect to the duration of the first and second stages of labor.

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