CD14+CD16+ monocytes in coronary artery disease and their relationship to serum TNF-α levels

SummaryMonocytes play a central role in the inflammatory disease atherosclerosis. CD14+CD16+ monocytes are considered proinflammatory monocytes, as they have an increased capacity to produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, and are elevated in various inflammatory diseases. We hypothesized that patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have increased levels of CD14+CD16+ monocytes, and that CD14+CD16+ monocytes are associated with inflammation markers. We investigated CD14+CD16+ monocytes in 247 patients with CAD and 61 control subjects using flow cytometry. In addition serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and Hs-CRP were assessed. Patients with CAD had higher levels of CD14+CD16+ monocytes than controls (13.6% versus 11.4%; p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis including quartiles of CD14+CD16+ monocytes showed that CD14+CD16+ monocytes were associated with prevalence of CAD (OR 4.9, 95% CI 2.5–19.1, for subjects in the fourth quartile in comparison to subjects in the first quartile). The association between CD14+CD16+ monocytes and CAD remained independently significant after adjustment for most potential confounders (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.2-20.0). Serum concentrations of TNF-α were elevated in subjects within the highest quartiles of CD14+CD16+ monocytes (p=0.018). Our study showed that increased numbers of CD14+CD16+ monocytes are associated with coronary atherosclerosis and TNF-α. In accordance, recent animal studies suggest a possibly important role of these monocytes in the development of atherosclerosis.

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111 Increased TNF-α in patients affected by coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated to undiagnosed impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes. Role of PPR-γ agonists

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

10.1016/s0939-4753(05)80111-5 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. S24

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Artery Disease

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ROLE OF HS CRP AND LIPID ABNORMALITIES AS RISK FACTOR IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

10.36106/ijar/5601592 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 37-39

Author(s):

Dipankar Kundu ◽

Aniket Paul ◽

Sourish Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Study Results ◽

Hs Crp ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Lipid Abnormalities

BACKGROUND: In recent years, data suggesting that certain markers of inammation play a key role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. hsCRP has shown promising results as a predictor of Coronary Artery Disease(CAD). OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the signicance of CRP as one of the most reliable markers in coronary artery disease and to study the role of lipid abnormalities as a risk factor in coronary artery disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study was conducted at MedicalCollege, Kolkata.30 cases and 30 controls were studied. Angiographically proven cases of CAD aged between 40- 60 years of both sexes were included in the study as cases. Age and sex matched individuals without CAD weSre considered as cases. Patients with recent myocardial infarction, unstable angina (<6months).and with other inammatory conditions were excluded from the study. RESULTS: hsCRP was signicantly higher in CAD cases2.0±1.4 compared with controls0.8±0.7 and this was statistically signicant <0.001.Lipid parameters such as Total Cholesteol,Triglycerides and Low density lipoprotein were elevated in cases compared with controls and was found to be statistically signicant. Blood glucose parameters both in fasting and post-prandial conditions were found to be elevated in cases compared with controls. CONCLUSION: The study thus suggests that hsCRP level appears to be a dependable marker of CAD.Thus, hsCRP can be used as a sensitive predictor of CAD.

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Interleukin-22 Might Act as a Double-Edged Sword in Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Artery Disease

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2016/8254797 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Fangchen Gong ◽

Jin Wu ◽

Ping Zhou ◽

Mengyao Zhang ◽

Jingning Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Low Grade ◽

Artery Disease

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are both characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation. The role of Th17 and its related cytokines in T2DM and CAD is unclear. Here we investigated the serum levels of five Th17-related cytokines (IL-17, IL-22, MIP-3α, IL-9, and IL-27) in T2DM, CAD, and T2DM-CAD comorbidity patients. IL-22 was found to be elevated in all three conditions. Elevated serum IL-22 was independently associated with the incidence of T2DM and CAD. Conversely, IL-22 was found to protect endothelial cells from glucose- and lysophosphatidylcholine- (LPC-) induced injury, and IL-22R1 expression on endothelial cells was increased upon treatment with high glucose and LPC. Blocking of IL-22R1 with IL-22R1 antibody diminished the protective role of IL-22. Our results suggest that IL-22 functions as a double-edged sword in T2DM and CAD and that IL-22 may be used in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as T2DM and CAD.

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Markers for Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Microvascular Disease – Is there a Difference?

Acta Medica Bulgarica ◽

10.2478/amb-2019-0027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 34-36

Author(s):

Z. Cherneva ◽

R. Cherneva ◽

E. Manov ◽

N. Runev

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Microvascular Disease ◽

Control Group ◽

Atypical Chest Pain ◽

Hs Crp ◽

Artery Disease ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Introduction: The clinical significance of inflammation (and markers such as resistin, hsCRP) and oxidative stress (e.g. 8-isoprostanes) for microvascular disease (MVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is still elusive. Aims: To determine the role of the markers for inflammation and oxidative stress as independent markers for MVD. Methods: Ninety consecutive patients were recruited: twenty-five of them had CAD; thirty – MVD and thirty-five were controls. The latter included patients with atypical chest pain, risk factors, lack of coronary artery disease and negative adenosine test. Coronary angiography was performed in all participants. The adenosine test was performed in those without CAD, hs CRP, resistin in plasma and urine 8-isoprostanes were measured. The correlation of all these indicators with CAD and MVD was analyzed. Results: The 8-isoprostanes showed significant differences between patients with MVD and CAD (0,055/0,52 pg/mmol Cre; p = 0,028). The same trend was found between CAD patients and the control group (0,055/0,003 pg/mmol Cre; p = 0,041); as well as between those with MVD and the control group (0,52/0,003 pg/mmol Cre; p = 0,001). The highest values of 8-isoprostanes were detected in patients with MVD – 0,52 pg/mmol Cre. Markers for inflammation were similar in patients with MVD and CAD (hsCRP- p = 0,091; resistin − p = 0,32). Conclusions: hs CRP, resistin and 8-isoprostanes are involved in the pathogenesis of both CAD and MVD. However, oxidative stress is probably more important for MVD, therefore 8-isoprostanes can be a part of panel of markers for its detection and analysis.

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The role of soluble leptin receptor in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease

Regional blood circulation and microcirculation ◽

10.24884/1682-6655-2021-20-3-34-45 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 34-45

Author(s):

E. A. Polyakova

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Leptin Receptor ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Artery Disease

Introduction. The participation of soluble leptin receptor (SLR) in the formation of hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in combination with obesity is discussed. Aim. Study of the role of SLR in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease. Materials and methods. A cohort study of 744 patients was performed: 465 patients with CAD (56 years old, Q1=44; Q3=62), 270 patients without CAD (52 years old, Q1=44; Q3=56). Methods: EchoCG, heart computed tomography, coronary angiography. In the blood serum, the lipids, glucose, creatinine, uric acid, and c-reactive protein were assessed using a highly sensitive method (HF-CRP). Concentrations of SLR, leptin (LN), adiponectin (total and high molecular weight), fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP-4) tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum insulin were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Results. The level of SLR in blood serum in men and women with CAD is lower than in men without CAD (p <0.001). In CAD patients, obesity was associated with a low SLR level in the blood serum and a high free LN index. At a serum SLR concentration of <7.5ng/ml in men with CAD, the incidence of obesity was higher simultaneously with signs of visceral obesity of the heart, the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the common carotid arteries, high glycaemic levels, insulin, IL-6, and LN in serum, serum LN/adiponectin ratio and a high HOMA-IR index. Diabetes mellitus, visceral obesity, high levels of hs-CRP, TNF-α, FABP-4, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR index were more often detected in women with coronary artery disease with SLR <10.2 ng/ml. In men and women with CAD, there were no differences in SLR concentration depending on the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusion. An increase in the free LN index indicates the disruption of connections in the leptin-receptor system and reflects the mechanisms of compensation for overcoming the resistance of peripheral tissues to leptin, which is confirmed by a noticeable negative relationship between the levels of SLR and leptin in the serum of men with coronary artery disease. A low concentration of SLR in patients with CAD is associated with obesity, pro-atherogenic and pro-inflammatory markers of cardiovascular diseases.

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High Sensitive C- Reactive Protein in Patients with Angiographically Proved Coronary Artery Disease

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i3030902 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 40-45

Author(s):

Anil Bhattad ◽

A. T. Pardesi ◽

Nitin Jadhav ◽

Vaibhav Agarwal ◽

Jabbar Desai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Risk Of Rupture ◽

Novel Method ◽

Hs Crp ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Predictive And Prognostic Value

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is associated with increased inflammatory activity and risk of vascular disease. The hypothesis is that, the hs-CRP testing might have prognostic usefulness for patients with CAD. Considering a major role of hs-CRP in atherothrombosis, its measurements can provide a novel method to detect individuals at high risk of rupture of plaque. Aim of the Work: This study was performed to find out the relation of high sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) with angiographically proved coronary artery disease (CAD) and its severity. Methodology: Total 125 patients underwent CAG in present study, of them 36% were females and 64% were males, predominated by male sex (‘p’ <0.001. Results: The mean for hs-CRP levels was 1.67(±0.85) mg/L and significantly high in patient with CAD. Strong correlation was formed between age ≥ 45 years and hs-CRP 1-3 mg/ L in present cohort of CAD. About one third of population with CAD had dyslipidemia of them majority (2/3rd) had hs-CRP 1-3 mg/L. Two-third of patients with CAD with tobacco consumption in any form had hs-CRP 1-3 mg/L and was significant than < 1 mg/L and >3 mg/L hs-CRP level. The hs-CRP level associated favorably with the frequency and extent of the CAD in present study (r=0.664). Conclusion: High sensitive CRP offers better risk stratification, predictive and prognostic value, in patients with CAD. Further studies and interventions are mandatory to identify the independent role of hs-CRP as a CAD risk factor and its cost effectiveness in a population of a developing country like India.

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Elevated level of circulatory sTLT1 induces inflammation through SYK/MEK/ERK signalling in coronary artery disease

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20190999 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (22) ◽

pp. 2283-2299

Author(s):

Apabrita Ayan Das ◽

Devasmita Chakravarty ◽

Debmalya Bhunia ◽

Surajit Ghosh ◽

Prakash C. Mandal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Chronic Inflammation ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Critical Role ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Artery Disease

Abstract The role of inflammation in all phases of atherosclerotic process is well established and soluble TREM-like transcript 1 (sTLT1) is reported to be associated with chronic inflammation. Yet, no information is available about the involvement of sTLT1 in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Present study was undertaken to determine the pathophysiological significance of sTLT1 in atherosclerosis by employing an observational study on human subjects (n=117) followed by experiments in human macrophages and atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (apoE)−/− mice. Plasma level of sTLT1 was found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in clinical (2342 ± 184 pg/ml) and subclinical cases (1773 ± 118 pg/ml) than healthy controls (461 ± 57 pg/ml). Moreover, statistical analyses further indicated that sTLT1 was not only associated with common risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in both clinical and subclinical groups but also strongly correlated with disease severity. Ex vivo studies on macrophages showed that sTLT1 interacts with Fcɣ receptor I (FcɣRI) to activate spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK)-mediated downstream MAP kinase signalling cascade to activate nuclear factor-κ B (NF-kB). Activation of NF-kB induces secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from macrophage cells that plays pivotal role in governing the persistence of chronic inflammation. Atherosclerotic apoE−/− mice also showed high levels of sTLT1 and TNF-α in nearly occluded aortic stage indicating the contribution of sTLT1 in inflammation. Our results clearly demonstrate that sTLT1 is clinically related to the risk factors of CAD. We also showed that binding of sTLT1 with macrophage membrane receptor, FcɣR1 initiates inflammatory signals in macrophages suggesting its critical role in thrombus development and atherosclerosis.

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