scholarly journals THE ACTION OF COX/LOX INHIBITORS ON ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AND MORPHOLOGICAL STATE OF RAT’S COLON MUCOSA UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF STRESS

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
N. V. Denysenko ◽  
O. Ya. Sklyarov
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Colon Mucosa ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Single Action ◽  
Cox Inhibitor ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Lox Inhibitors ◽  
Morphological State

Introduction. Extensive, and often uncontrolled, use of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, as well as the psychological stress, are important factors of inflammatory diseases development in the digestive tract, including the large intestine. The activation of lipoperoxidation processes is one of the pathogenetic links of the development of ulcers, which can serve as a marker for both the intensity of inflammation and the onset of proinflammatory state. The aim of the study – to find out the influence of certain COX and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors on the activi­ty of free radical oxidation and the morphological state of the colon mucosa (CM) under the conditions of their independent action and under the conditions of stress. Research Methods. A model of 5 hours water-immobilization stress was selected for the stress simulation, for inhibition of COX and LOX – naproxen, celecoxib and compound 2A5DHT, which were administered intragastrically, in a single dose of 10 mg/kg. The morphological study of CM and the determination of the antioxidant enzymes activity in the CM homogenates were conducted. Results and Discussion. The single action of naproxen caused increase of SOD, catalase, MPO activity and TBA-active products concentration in the CM. Similar changes were noted under the conditions of stress. Administration of naproxen under the conditions of stress caused the increase of SOD activity compared to WIS action and increase of TBA-active products concentration, activity of catalase and MPO compared to naproxen action. Conclusions. It was found that non-selective COX inhibition was accompanied by proinflammatory effect in the CM, likely based on the prooxidant action of the nonselective COX inhibitor, which was confirmed by the activation of SOD. Selective COX-2 inhibition and inhibition of COX-2/5-LOX showed an anti-inflammatory effect due to a more effective mechanism of action.

scholarly journals Changes of L-Arginine Metabolism in Rat`S Colon Mucosa Under the Conditions of COX/LOX Inhibition and Acute Stress Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-326
Author(s):  
Nataliya Denysenko ◽  
Alexander Sklyarov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stress ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colon Mucosa ◽  
Arginine Metabolism ◽  
Single Action ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Lox Inhibitors

Introduction. L-arginine is a semi-essential amino acid and a precursor of many biologically active compounds. Polyamines and NO produced from L-arginine take part in the regulation of biochemical processes in colon mucosa. Emotional stress, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and their combined action can change the activity of L-arginine metabolizing enzymes. The aim of this study was to investigate the single action of NSAIDs with different mechanisms of action and their combination with acute stress on L-arginine metabolism in colon mucosa of rats. Methods. Animals were divided into 8 groups: control group (1), administration of nonselective, COX-2 selective and dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors (groups 2-4), acute stress group (5), administration of same NSAIDs as in groups 2-4 under the conditions of acute stress (groups 6-8). The activity of iNOS, cNOS, arginase, concentration of L-arginine, nitrite and nitrate was measured in colon mucosa. Results. Nonselective COX inhibition by naproxen caused the increase in iNOS and decrease in cNOS activity in colon mucosa. Both COX-2 (celecoxib) and dual COX-2/5-LOX (2A5DHT) inhibitors enhanced cNOS and arginase acting in combination with acute stress. The concentration of L-arginine remained unchanged in most of the groups, but combination of dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitor and acute stress raised this parameter.

Analysis of the content of zinc ions in the ejaculate of men with inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system with indicators of sperm motility

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
O.A. Gizinger
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Genitourinary System ◽  
Sperm Dna

The results of previous studies have shown that the content of zinc ions in the semen significantly correlated with the number of sperm and influenced the volume of ejaculate. After ejaculation, the zinc contained in the seminal plasma binds to the plasma membrane and stabilizes the sperm DNA. Due to its cyto- and immunoprotective properties: induction of zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase, protection of DNA and transcriptional proteins from free radical oxidation, inhibition of proteinases, zinc is an indispensable trace element in the processes of DNA synthesis and repair, embryogenesis and reproduction.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF MELATONIN ON OXIDANT AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUSIN THE BLOOD OF ALLOXAN DIABETIC RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
N. M. Luhinich ◽  
I. V. Gerush ◽  
N. P. Grygorieva
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Modified Proteins ◽  
Oxidatively Modified ◽  
Ceruloplasmin Activity ◽  
Oxidatively Modified Proteins

Introduction. The experimental model of alloxane diabetes is quite common, which is often used to study the different aspects of pathogenesis and pathomorphology of diabetes. It is known that during the diabetes activation of free radical oxidation of biomolecules occurs as well as depletion of the antioxidant system. Melatonin can suppress reactive oxygen species and increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The aim of the study – to investigate the effect of melatonin on oxidant and antioxidant status in the blood of alloxan diabetic rats. Research Methods. Experiments were conducted on white outbred sexually mature male rats. In the blood plasma was determined content of oxidatively modified proteins, the ceruloplasmin activity; in the hemolisate of erythrocytes was determined content of TBA-reactive products, the measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities. Results and Discussion. The results of our studies showed that under conditions of alloxane diabetes, processes of free radical damage to biomolecules are intensified, as evidenced by the increase in the content of TBA-active products and oxidatively modified proteins in the blood of rats on 7 and 14 days of alloxane diabetes. The activity of catalase and ceruloplasmin in the blood of alloxan diabetic rats was lower than in the control group of animals but the SOD activity was significantly increased. The positive effect of melatonin is shown on 7 and 14 days and decrease the content of TBA-active products and oxidatively modified proteins blood of rats compared with untreated animals. Also, the administration of melatonin contributed to the normalization of the activity antioxidant enzymes of blood in rats with alloxane diabetes: increase of catalase activity in erythrocytes, ceruloplasmin activity and decrease SOD activity compared with untreated animals. Conclusions. The introduction of exogenous melatonin in rats with alloxane diabetes in a dose of 10 mg/kg daily for 7 and 14 days cause a pronounced antioxidant effect, reducing free radical oxidation and normalizing the activity of enzymes of antioxidant defense in the blood alloxan diabetic rats.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSIS AND PHARMACOTHERAPY OF PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES IN WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Vsevolod V. Skvortsov ◽  
M. V Lunkov ◽  
E. M Skvortsova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Specific Scheme ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Minimally Invasive Methods ◽  
Close Contacts

The article is devoted to modern issues of etiology, in particular, the theory of biofilms as the most promising direction of research. Biofilms are most often represented by the association of microorganisms in which they, through coexistence in close contacts, acquire new properties, expressed in an atypical clinical picture. This determines problems of rapid diagnosis and pathogenesis, in which both the local and systemic secondary immunodeficiency state is put in the forefront, autoimmune inflammation and reactions of free radical oxidation. The most typical symptoms and signs of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs include, in particular, chronic salpingo-oophoritis - a common nosological item from this group, which has important social and demographic significance, since the most affected group, according to statistics, are women of reproductive age. The emphasis was placed on approaches to diagnosis using not only data from the collected history and physical examination but also methods based on modern instrumental and minimally invasive methods. Special attention was paid to measures aimed at correcting risk factors and preventing this disease, etiotropic therapy with the presentation of a specific scheme of the most rational antibiotic therapy, pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment to alleviate the condition before the eradication of the pathogenic microorganism or their association in the composition of biofilms and cure patients, and correction such unpleasant complications as vaginal dysbiosis, which can develop against a background of powerful antibiotic therapy and is not a measure of inadequate treatment and change of the selected regimen.

EFFECT OF A TRANSDERMAL FILM WITH ERYTHROPOIETIN ON LYMPHOCYTE DEATH AND FREE RADICAL OXIDATION IN BLOOD OF RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL INJURY

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
М.В. Осиков ◽  
Е.В. Симонян ◽  
О.Т. Башарова
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Early Apoptosis ◽  
Late Apoptosis ◽  
Transdermal Film ◽  
Plasma Activity

Цель - изучение влияния эритропоэтина в составе трансдермальной пленки на характер гибели лимфоцитов и процессы свободнорадикального окисления в крови при экспериментальной термической травме у крыс. Методика. Эксперименты выполнены на 90 белых нелинейных крысах-самцах массой 220±20 г. Животные были случайным образом разделены на 3 группы: группа 1 (n=10) - интактный контроль, группа 2 (n=40) - термическая травма с наложением на область ожога асептической повязки, группа 3 (n=40) - термическая травма с наложением на область ожога трансдермальной пленки с эритропоэтином. Термическую травму ІІІА степени (площадь 3,5% поверхности) воспроизводили под общим наркозом погружением межлопаточной области кожи в очищенную воду (t= 98-99 ºС). Эритропоэтин (42 МЕ/см2) в составе трансдермальной пленки (площадь 12 см2) наносили ежедневно сразу после травмы. Исследование крови проводили на 3-и, 5-е, 8-е и 14-е сут. Гибель лимфоцитов, выделенных из крови на градиенте плотности фиколл-верографин (1,077), оценивали при окрашивании клеток конъюгированным с флюорохромом аннексином V и 7-аминоактиномицином D. Дифференцировали интактные клетки, клетки с ранними признаками апоптоза, клетки с поздними признаками апоптоза и частично некротизированные клетки. Содержание продуктов ПОЛ оценивали спектрофотометрически, определяли активность супероксиддисмутазы в плазме, каталазы в плазме крови и эритроцитах. Результаты. Показано, что при термической травме увеличивается количество лимфоцитов в крови с ранними и поздними признаками апоптоза и некроза, содержание диеновых конъюгатов, кетодиенов и сопряженных триенов, оснований Шиффа в липидных экстрактах плазмы и лимфоцитов, возрастает также активность каталазы в плазме и эритроцитах, активность супероксиддисмутазы в плазме крови снижается. В условиях применения эритропоэтина в составе трансдермальной пленки наблюдается уменьшение количества лимфоцитов с ранними и поздними признаками гибели, снижается активность процессов ПОЛ в плазме и лимфоцитах, а также активность каталазы в плазме и эритроцитах и возрастает активность супероксиддисмутазы в плазме крови. Заключение. Использование эритропоэтина в составе трансдермальной пленки при термической травме снижает выраженность гибели лимфоцитов, активность процессов ПОЛ, повышает активность супероксиддисмутазы в плазме крови по сравнению с группой животных с термической травмой без применения эритропоэтина. Aim. Studying the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) as a component of the transdermal film (TDF) on lymphocyte apoptotic death and free radical oxidation in blood of rats with experimental thermal injury (TI) (trauma). Methods. Experiments were performed on 90 white mongrel male rats weighing 220±20 g. The IIIA grade TI with a burn area of 3.5% body surface was induced under general anesthesia by immersing the interscapular region of the skin in purified water at 98-99ºС. EPO (42 IU/cm2) as a component of the 12 cm2 TDF was applied daily, immediately after the TI. The animals were randomized to three groups: group 1 (n=10), intact control; group 2 (n=40), TI with application of an aseptic dressing to the burn area; group 3 (n=40), TI with application of the EPO-containing TDF to the burn area. The study was conducted at days 3, 5, 8, and 14 after TI. Lymphocytes were isolated from blood using the ficoll-verographin density gradient (1.077) and their apoptosis was evaluated by staining the cells with fluorochrome-conjugated Annexin V (Annexin-5-FITC) and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD). The cells were differentiated into intact cells, cells with early apoptosis signs, cells with late apoptosis signs, and partially necrotized cells. Concentration of lipid peroxidation (LP) products was measured spectrophotometrically; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was measured in plasma and catalase activity was measured in plasma and red blood cells. Results. TI increased the count of lymphocytes of the Annexin-5-FITC+/7-AAD (early apoptosis signs) and Annexin-5-FITC+/7-AAD+ (late apoptosis or necrosis signs) phenotypes, and concentrations of dienic conjugates, ketodienes, conjugated trienes, and Schiff bases in heptanol and isopropanol phases of plasma and lymphocyte lipid extracts. Plasma and red cell catalase activities were increased whereas plasma SOD activity was decreased. Application of EPO as a component of the TDF decreased the amount of lymphocytes with early and late apoptosis signs and the contents of dienic conjugates, conjugated ketodienes and trienes, Schiff bases in plasma and lymphocytes, and catalase activity in plasma and erythrocytes, and increased the plasma activity of SOD. Conclusion. The use of EPO as a component of TDF in TI reduced lymphocyte apoptosis, activity of LP processes, and increased the plasma activity of SOD compared to the group of animals with TI without the EPO treatment.

Features of the clinical course, diagnosis and treatment of paranasal sinusitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
T. A. Mashkova ◽  
◽  
A. B. Mal’tsev ◽  
A. N. Pavlov ◽  
A. V. Suslenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Paranasal Sinusitis

The issue of treating paranasal sinusitis, improving the methods of their treatment and prevention remains relevant to the present. Particular attention shall be paid to patients with concomitant somatic pathology, which contributes to the chronicity of inflammatory processes in the paranasal sinuses and increases the frequency of their recurrence. Among the pathology of ENT organs, acute sinusitis is most common (5–10%). Inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses are fraught with various complications. Thus, the percentage of orbital rhinogenic complications ranges from 6.6 to 12.4%. Patients with a history of diabetes mellitus are more exposed to various diseases, including ENT organs, with their rapid development and subsequent complications. The clinic of purulent sinusitis in them is characterized by a prolonged course with periodic exacerbations and the involvement of nearby anatomical structures in the pathological process with atypical data of radiation studies and frequent complications. The disease proceeds against the background of pronounced changes in the immune status, which affect all links of immunity, including a significant decrease in phagocytosis indicators and an increase in the content of circulating immune complexes of small size. Prolonged exposure of the body to products of free radical oxidation, especially in excess volume, leads to metabolic disorders at all levels and also disrupts the immune status, which leads to a complicated course of diseases. The presence of a pronounced imbalance towards the production of free radicals and a weakening of antioxidant protection leads to the development of oxidative stress and destructive changes at different levels. Treatment of this category of patients is a difficult task, in the solution of which the state of immunity and antioxidant system plays an important role.

scholarly journals Morphofunctional estimation of the gastroprotective activity of the Ferulopsis hystrix dry extract in neurogenic ulcer

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
S. M. Salchak ◽  
Ya. G. Razuvaeva ◽  
A. A. Toropova ◽  
K. D. Arakchaa
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Stomach Mucosa ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Destructive Processes

The purpose of the research: morphofunctional estimation of the gastroprotective activity of the dry extract from the roots and rhizomes of Ferulopsis hystrix in neurogenic ulcer.Materials and methods: The studies were carried out on white Wistar rats. The neurogenic ulcer was simulated by 24-hour immobilization of the animals. The gastroprotective effect of Ferulopsis hystrix was estimated taking into account the Pauls’ index which was calculated for bleedings, erosions and strip-like ulcers as well as taking into account the morphometric indices (the depth of erosions) of the stomach mucosa. The intensity of lipid free radical oxidation processes was estimated by malonic dialdehyde content (MDA); the state of the antioxidant system was estimated by the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and the reduced glutathione content.Results. The Ferulopsis hystrix extract in the doses of 100 and 150 mg/kg reduces the depth of erosions by 43% and 80% respectively, thus promoting the diminishment of destructive processes in the stomach mucosa against the background of neurogenic ulcer. The Ferulopsis hystrix extract in the given doses decreased the MDA content by 37% on average; the catalase activity was twofold increased; the reduced glutathione increases 2.6 times and SOD activity — 3.8 and 2.8 times respectively.Conclusion. Ferulopsis hystrix has the gastroprotective effect in neurogenic ulcer.

State of the enzyme link of antioxidant protection in boys with hypoandrogenism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
L. K. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
L. A. Strashok ◽  
S. I. Turchina ◽  
G. V. Kosovtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation

Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.

Adaptogenic correction of free radical brain damage in subchronic exposure to sodium fl uoride

2020 ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
A. G. Zhukova ◽  
L. G. Gorokhova ◽  
A. S. Kazitskaya ◽  
T. K. Yadykina ◽  
N. N. Mikhailova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Free Radical Processes ◽  
Subchronic Exposure ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes ◽  
Radical Processes ◽  
Complex Drug

Introduction. Fluorine compounds in small doses, but with prolonged exposure, cause various disorders in organs at the cellular and molecular levels. Activation of free-radical processes plays an important role in the damaging eff ect of fl uorides. Th erefore, one of the most eff ective ways to limit fl uorine-induced damage is to directly aff ect free-radical processes using herbal preparations with antioxidant properties.The aim of the study is to study the eff ect of a dihydroquercetin-based drug on the activity of free radical processes in brain tissue under subchronic exposure to sodium fl uoride (NaF).Materials and methods. Th e work was performed on white male laboratory rats weighing 200-250 g. Th e rats were divided into 3 groups: 1 — control; 2 — rats with chronic exposure to sodium fl uoride (NaF) for 9 weeks; 3 — rats receiving a NAF solution with simultaneous administration of a complex drug based on dihydroquercetin at a dose of 3 mg/kg in 1% starch gel for 3, 6 and 9 weeks. The activity of free radical oxidation and antioxidant defense enzymes — superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase-was determined in the cerebral cortex. Th e level of expression of hypoxia-induced transcription factor HIF — 1A and inducible forms of proteins HSP72 and HSP32 were determined in the cytosolic fraction of brain tissue.Results. In the early stages of subchronic fl uoride exposure (1-3 weeks), the expression of protective proteins HIF-1α, HSP72, HSP32 and catalase was shown in the rat cortex, as a result of which the activity of free-radical processes was maintained at the control level. An increase in the timing of fl uoride intake to 9 weeks led to a decrease in antioxidant protection and signifi cant activation of free radical oxidation in brain tissue. Daily administration of a complex drug with dihydroquercetin for 3, 6 and 9 weeks to rats with subchronic fl uoride exposure led to a decrease in the severity of pro- and antioxidant balance disorders in the cerebral cortex. At the same time, the greatest protective eff ect of dihydroquercetin with fl uoride exposure was manifested by the 9th week of its administration.Conclusions. When subchronic intake of fl uorides in the body, the drug based on dihydroquercetin has a neuroprotective eff ect, which is manifested by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes of fr ee radical oxidation and catalase and the resistance of the cortex to induced fr ee radical oxidation.

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