Abstract 12971: Positive Psychological Growth Post Cardiac Arrest Survivorship: A Pilot Study

Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) has an annual US incidence of >500,000 with survival rates ~10%. Although most studies focus on survival and neurological outcomes, understanding long-term psychological consequences is of equal importance. Some have reported negative psychological outcomes such as anxiety, depression, and PTSD; however, since survivors of other adverse life-threatening disorders, including cancer, report positive psychological growth, we sought to test the hypothesis that CA survival may also be associated with growth of positive psychological traits. Method: Invitations were sent to CA survivors through their local hospitals or national registries to participate in an online pilot cross sectional study. Overall, 47 agreed and were given a series of standardized questionnaires to assess the following positive personality traits: empathy, compassion, forgiveness, altruism, optimism, gratitude, positivity, spirituality, consideration for others’ needs, and happiness. Using a 5-point Likert scale, they then estimated the relative change in these traits since their CA event, where 1=significant decrease, 2=moderate decrease, 3=no change, 4 =moderate increase, and 5=significant increase. Results: Overall 42 of 47 (89%) reported a return to their daily functional activities. Personality trait ratings were analyzed using a sign test relative to a population median score of 3 (i.e. no change) for statistical analysis. Participants showed statistically significant differences in all the assessed personality traits: gratitude (median=4, p<0.0001), compassion (median=4, p= p<0.0001), altruism (median=4, p<0.0001), empathy (median=4, p<0.0001), spirituality(median=4, p<0.0001), consideration for others’ needs (median=4, p<0.0001), forgiveness(median=4, p<0.0005), optimism (median=4, p<0.001), positivity (median=4, p<0.005), and happiness(median=4, p<0.05). Conclusions: Long-term psychological sequelae of CA survivorship remains ill understood. However, some CA survivors may develop greater positive psychological traits following CA. Further studies are required to assess the relationship between CA and long-term positive changes and quality of life, as well as possible therapeutic interventions.

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Abstract 11503: Mindfulness is Inversely Associated with Psychological Symptoms in Long-Term Cardiac Arrest Survivors

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.144.suppl_2.11503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Alex Presciutti ◽

Jonathan Greenberg ◽

Ethan Lester ◽

Mary M Newman ◽

Jonathan Elmer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽

Survey Study ◽

Present Moment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient Health

Introduction: We sought to identify correlates with psychological symptoms in long-term cardiac arrest (CA) survivors. Mindfulness, or nonjudgmental awareness of the present moment, is a modifiable protective factor against psychological symptoms in various clinical populations and could be a potential treatment target for CA survivors. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal survey study between 10-11/2019 (baseline) and 10-11/2020 (1-year follow-up) with long-term CA survivor members of the Sudden Cardiac Arrest Foundation. We collected demographic and CA characteristics at baseline. At both timepoints, we assessed posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS) through the PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5) and depression and anxiety symptoms through the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). At follow-up, we assessed mindfulness through the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R). We used adjusted linear regression to predict 1-year PCL-5 and PHQ-4 scores, with particular consideration of the CAMS-R as a cross-sectional correlate of outcome. Results: We included 129 CA survivors (mean age: 52 years, 52% male, 98% white). At 1-year follow-up, in adjusted models, CAMS-R (β: -0.35, p <0.001) and baseline PCL-5 scores (β: 0.56, p <0.001) were associated with 1-year PCL-5 scores. CAMS-R (β: -0.34, p <0.001) and baseline PHQ-4 scores were associated with 1-year PHQ-4 scores (β: 0.37, p<0.001). Conclusion: Mindfulness was inversely associated with psychological symptoms in long-term CA survivors. Future studies should examine the longitudinal relationship of mindfulness and psychological symptoms after CA.

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Abstract 64: A Tale of Seven EMS Systems: An Impedance Threshold Device and Improved CPR Techniques Double Survival Rates After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.ii_936-d ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽

Author(s):

Tom P Aufderheide ◽

Marvin Birnbaum ◽

Charles Lick ◽

Brent Myers ◽

Laurie Romig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Life Support ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Heart Association ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Threshold Device ◽

Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽

Impedance Threshold Device

Introduction: Maximizing outcomes after cardiac arrest depends on optimizing a sequence of interventions from collapse to hospital discharge. The 2005 American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines recommended many new interventions during CPR (‘New CPR’) including use of an Impedance Threshold Device (ITD). Hypothesis: The combination of the ITD and ‘New CPR’ will increase return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hospital discharge (HD) rates in patients with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Methods: Quality assurance data were pooled from 7 emergency medical services (EMS) systems (Anoka Co., MN; Harris Co., TX; Madison, WI; Milwaukee, WI; Omaha, NE; Pinellas Co., FL; and Wake Co., NC) where the ITD (ResQPOD®, Advanced Circulatory Systems; Minneapolis, MN) was deployed for >3 months. Historical or concurrent control data were used for comparison. The EMS systems simultaneously implemented ‘New CPR’ including compression/ventilation strategies to provide more compressions/min and continuous compressions during Advanced Life Support. All sites stressed the importance of full chest wall recoil. The sites have a combined population of ~ 3.2 M. ROSC data were available from all sites; HD data were available as of June 2007 from 5 sites (MN, TX, Milwaukee, NE, NC). Results: A total of 893 patients treated with ‘New CPR’ + ITD were compared with 1424 control patients. The average age of both study populations was 64 years; 65% were male. Comparison of the ITD vs controls (all patients) for ROSC and HD [Odds ratios (OR), (95% confidence intervals), and Fisher’s Exact Test] were: 37.9% vs 33.8% [1.2, (1.02, 1.40), p=0.022] and 15.7% vs 7.9% [2.2, (1.53, 3.07), p<0.001], respectively. Patients with ventricular fibrillation had the best outcomes in both groups. Neurological outcome data are pending. Therapeutic hypothermia was used in some patients (MN, NC) after ROSC. Conclusion: Adoption of the ITD + ‘New CPR’ resulted in only a >10% increase in ROSC rates but a doubling of hospital discharge rates, from 7.9% to 15.7%, (p<0.001). These data represent a currently optimized sequence of therapeutic interventions during the performance of CPR for patients in cardiac arrest and support the widespread use of the 2005 AHA CPR Guidelines including use of the ITD.

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Increased Psychopathology and Maladaptive Personality Traits, But Normal Cognitive Functioning, In Patients after Long-Term Cure of Acromegaly

Endocrine Reviews ◽

10.1210/edrv.31.5.9993 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 778-779

Author(s):

Jitske Tiemensma ◽

Nienke R. Biermasz ◽

Roos C. van der Mast ◽

Moniek J. E. Wassenaar ◽

Huub A. M. Middelkoop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

Short Form ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Personality Changes ◽

Irreversible Effects

ABSTRACT Objective Active acromegaly is associated with psychopathology, personality changes, and cognitive dysfunction. It is unknown whether, and to what extent, these effects are present after long-term cure of acromegaly. Aim The aim of the study was to assess psychopathology, personality traits, and cognitive function in patients after long-term cure of acromegaly. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Patients and Methods We studied 68 patients after long-term cure (13 ± 1 yr) of acromegaly and 68 matched controls. We compared these data with 60 patients treated for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFMAs) and 60 matched controls. Psychopathology was assessed using the Apathy Scale, Irritability Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire short-form and personality by the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology short-form (DAPP). Cognitive function was assessed by 11 tests. Results Compared with matched controls, patients cured from acromegaly scored significantly worse on virtually all psychopathology questionnaires and on several subscales of the DAPP. Compared with NFMA patients, patients cured from acromegaly scored worse on negative affect (P = 0.050) and somatic arousal (P = 0.009) and seven of 18 subscales of the DAPP (P < 0.05). Cognitive function in patients cured from acromegaly did not differ from matched controls or patients treated for NFMA. Conclusion Patients with long-term cure of acromegaly show a higher prevalence of psychopathology and maladaptive personality traits but not cognitive dysfunction, compared with matched controls and patients treated for NFMA. These results suggest irreversible effects of previous GH excess, rather than effects of pituitary adenomas per se and/or their treatment, on the central nervous system.

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Prevalence and risk indicators of peri-implantitis after 8 to 10 years of function

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP ◽

10.1590/1807-2577.01521 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

Author(s):

Cláudio MARCANTONIO ◽

Lélis Gustavo NÍCOLI ◽

Carolina Mendonça de Almeida MALZONI ◽

Cristiano SUSIN ◽

Elcio MARCANTONIO JUNIOR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Potential Risk ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Risk Indicators ◽

Risk Indicator ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment Techniques ◽

Target Treatment

Abstract Introduction The investigation of peri-implant diseases risk indicators helps to prevent and target treatment techniques. Objective The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the occurrence of peri-implantitis and its potential risk indicator factors, besides to assess the long-term success and survival rates of dental implants after 8 to 10 years of function. Material and method For this, fifty individuals who had received their implant-supported rehabilitation between 2003 and 2005 were included. Data regarding demographics, medical and dental history were collected and a complete clinical examination was performed. Multivariate analysis was used to identify potential risk indicator factors related to the occurrence of peri-implantitis. Overall, 211 implants had been placed; 197 were in function, 9 were still submerged, and 5 had been lost. Result Success and survival rates were 81.5% and 97.6%, respectively. Peri-implant mucositis affected 77.1% of subjects and 52.3% of implants. Peri-implantitis was diagnosed in 14 individuals (29.2%) and 25 implants (12.7%). Subjects with osteoporosis (OR = 2.84) and generalized bleeding on probing (OR = 8.03) were significantly associated with higher odds of peri-implantitis. At the implant level, visible plaque (OR = 4.45) and deep probing depths (OR = 4.47) were significantly associated with peri-implantitis. Conclusion Through these results, our study suggests that osteoporosis and generalized periodontal/peri-implant mucosa inflammation increase the likelihood of peri-implantitis.

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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

AACN Advanced Critical Care ◽

10.4037/15597768-2009-4011 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 373-383

Author(s):

Cindy Goodrich

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽

Heart Association ◽

New Techniques ◽

Cardiac Assist ◽

Mechanical Devices

Dismal survival statistics associated with sudden cardiac arrest have led to the development of new strategies and mechanical devices aimed at improving the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The most recent American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care were published in 2005. Major changes included revisions to current practices related to airway and ventilation, circulation, and defibrillation management. Greater emphasis is placed on providing simple, high-quality, effective CPR. New techniques and mechanical devices have been developed to augment CPR, hopefully improving survival rates and long-term outcomes. These include active compression-decompression CPR, Lund University Cardiac Assist System, LifeBelt, AutoPulse, and the impedance threshold device. This article focuses on current strategies aimed at improving survival rates for patients with sudden cardiac arrest. New techniques and mechanical devices developed to augment cardiopulmonary resuscitation will be discussed. These strategies will most likely shape future resuscitation practices.

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Predicting Addiction Susceptibility Based on Big Five Personality Traits

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.5812/ijpbs.109103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Reza Zeighami ◽

Seyede Marzieh Hosseini ◽

Navid Mohammadi ◽

Saeed Shahsavari

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Regression Coefficients ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

Test Results ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Traits ◽

Neo Personality Inventory ◽

Spss Software

Background: Addiction is one of the most prominent problems and the fourth leading crisis worldwide. In Iran, this issue is more complicated because of increasing young population in this country. Objectives: This study aimed to predict addiction susceptibility regarding students’ personality traits at Qazvin universities. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 227 students from Qazvin universities were selected using the multistage random stratified sampling method. Data collection tools were demographic information form, Addiction Susceptibility questionnaire (ASQ), and NEO personality inventory. After collecting the required data, SPSS software version 21 was used to analyze the data by running variance analysis and paired sample t-test. Results: In this study, neuroticism (P = 0.031) and openness (P = 0.043) with regression coefficients of 0.584 and 0.586 had positive and significant effects on addiction susceptibility, respectively. In contrast, extraversion (P = 0.023), agreeableness (P = 0.038), and consciousness (P < 0.001) with regression coefficients of -0.639, -0.186, and -1.342 had negative and significant effects on addiction susceptibility, respectively. Conclusions: The findings revealed a significant relationship between personality traits and addiction susceptibility. Accordingly, the aforementioned psychological traits must be empathized in educational, preventive, and therapeutic programs so that the vulnerable groups, including students, would receive some help.

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Abstract 192: Prompt Defibrillation and Epinephrine Treatment and Long-term Survival After In-hospital Cardiac Arrest

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes ◽

10.1161/circoutcomes.10.suppl_3.192 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Krishna K Patel ◽

Yuanyuan Tang ◽

Yevgeniy Khariton ◽

Lesley H Curtis ◽

John A Spertus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Survival Benefit ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Pulseless Electrical Activity ◽

Term Survival ◽

Long Term Survival ◽

Delayed Treatment ◽

Prompt Treatment ◽

Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Background: Prior studies have reported higher in-hospital survival with prompt defibrillation and epinephrine treatment in patients presenting with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Whether this survival benefit persists after discharge is unknown. Methods: We linked data from a national IHCA registry with Medicare files and identified 37,042 patients aged ≥ 65 years who presented with IHCA at 517 hospitals between 2000 and 2011. Patients with IHCA due to pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF) were stratified by prompt (≤2 min) vs. delayed (>2 min) defibrillation, whereas patients with IHCA due to asystole/pulseless electrical activity (PEA) were stratified by prompt (≤ 5 min) vs. delayed (>5 min) epinephrine treatment. The associations between prompt treatment and long term survival for each rhythm type were assessed using hierarchical multivariable modified Poisson regression models after adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics. Results: Patients receiving prompt treatment were younger, more likely to arrest in intensive care unit and have shorter event durations. Of 8119 patients with an IHCA due to VT/VF, rate of survival to discharge were 39.3% (2247/5714) for those treated with prompt defibrillation and 24.1% (580/2405) with delayed defibrillation (p <0.001). Of 28,923 patients with an IHCA due to asystole/PEA, survival rates were 10.4% (2596/24925) with prompt epinephrine treatment and 8.1% (324/3998) with delayed treatment (p<0.001). Long-term survival from the time of IHCA to 1, 3, and 5 years of follow-up remained higher among those with prompt defibrillation for VT/VF (Table). In contrast, there was no long term survival benefit with prompt epinephrine treatment in patients with asystole/PEA. Conclusions: Prompt defibrillation for IHCA due to VT/VF was associated with a sustained long-term survival benefit, whereas prompt epinephrine treatment for IHCA due to asystole/PEA IHCA was not associated with long-term survival.

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Long-Term Functional Outcomes Among Childhood Survivors of Cancer Who Have a History of Osteonecrosis

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/pzz176 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 509-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brian M DeFeo ◽

Sue C Kaste ◽

Zhenghong Li ◽

Tara M Brinkman ◽

Michael D Neel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Performance ◽

Childhood Leukemia ◽

Performance Test ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Dysfunction ◽

Survivors Of Childhood Cancer ◽

Healthy Community

Abstract Background Glucocorticoids used to treat childhood leukemia and lymphoma can result in osteonecrosis, leading to physical dysfunction and pain. Improving survival rates warrants research into long-term outcomes among this population. Objective The objective of this study was to compare the physical function and quality of life (QOL) of survivors of childhood cancer who had an osteonecrosis history with that of survivors who had no osteonecrosis history and with that of people who were healthy (controls). Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods This study included St Jude Lifetime Cohort Study participants who were ≥ 10 years from the diagnosis of childhood leukemia or lymphoma and ≥ 18 years old; 135 had osteonecrosis (52.5% men; mean age = 27.7 [SD = 6.08] years) and 1560 had no osteonecrosis history (52.4% men; mean age = 33.3 [SD = 8.54] years). This study also included 272 people who were from the community and who were healthy (community controls) (47.7% men; mean age = 35.1 [SD = 10.46] years). The participants completed functional assessments and questionnaires about QOL. Results Survivors with osteonecrosis scored lower than other survivors and controls for dorsiflexion strength (mean score = 16.50 [SD = 7.91] vs 24.17 [SD = 8.61] N·m/kg) and scored lower than controls for flexibility with the sit-and-reach test (20.61 [SD = 9.70] vs 23.96 [SD = 10.73] cm), function on the Physical Performance Test (mean score = 22.73 [SD = 2.05] vs 23.58 [SD = 0.88]), and mobility on the Timed “Up & Go” Test (5.66 [SD = 2.25] vs 5.12 [SD = 1.28] seconds). Survivors with hip osteonecrosis requiring surgery scored lower than survivors without osteonecrosis for dorsiflexion strength (13.75 [SD = 8.82] vs 18.48 [SD = 9.04] N·m/kg), flexibility (15.79 [SD = 8.93] vs 20.37 [SD = 10.14] cm), and endurance on the 6-minute walk test (523.50 [SD = 103.00] vs 572.10 [SD = 102.40] m). Limitations Because some eligible survivors declined to participate, possible selection bias was a limitation of this study. Conclusions Survivors of childhood leukemia and lymphoma with and without osteonecrosis demonstrated impaired physical performance and reported reduced QOL compared with controls, with those requiring surgery for osteonecrosis most at risk for impairments. It may be beneficial to provide strengthening, flexibility, and endurance interventions for patients who have pediatric cancer and osteonecrosis for long-term function.

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Financial Literacy of Undergraduate Students: Do Personality Traits and Cognitive Ability Matter?

International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting ◽

10.5296/ijafr.v8i4.14012 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 533

Author(s):

Akua Peprah-Yeboah ◽

Weliko Emmanuel Blialy Frejus ◽

Ernest Fianko

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Cognitive Ability ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Financial Literacy ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Least Square ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Traits ◽

Ordinary Least Square Regression

This study investigates how psychological traits affect financial literacy levels at the undergraduate level of education. Using a cross-sectional survey of 580 students, the study examines whether the level of openness, conscientiousness and cognitive ability of students affect how financially literate they are. The Pearson’s Correlation Test and Ordinary Least Square Regression methods are employed to test hypothesized relationships. The results show a generally low level of financial literacy. Further, openness, conscientiousness, and cognitive ability were found to have a statistically significant correlation with financial literacy (r=0.349, 0.287 and 0.199 respectively). Similarly, the regression analysis found a positive relationship between all three variables and the dependent variable (financial literacy). Therefore, the study recommends that innovative financial literacy programmes that target the youth need to be introduced. It is imperative that these programmes have components that are tailor-made for individuals with different personality traits to attract them. Finally, the programmes must contain aspects which aim to improve the cognitive abilities of the beneficiaries to increase their effectiveness.

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Service Quality and Customers’ Trust, Moderating Role of Personality Traits

Sains Humanika ◽

10.11113/sh.v8n4.941 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Ahmad Ur Rehman ◽

Amran Md Rasli

Keyword(s):

Service Quality ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Insurance Sector ◽

Different Dimensions ◽

Services Industry ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Impact ◽

Personality Disposition

Customers’ trust is an inevitable asset for organizations. The long-term relationship of customer-organization depends upon the presence of customers’ trust on the organization. It’s a delicate sense of feeling derived from quality and commitment of the organizations to meet customers’ expectations. The significance of this phenomenon in services industry becomes even more critical where organizations have to know individual as well as contextual factors that influence on customers’ trust. This study tested the impact of different dimensions of perceived service quality on customers’ trust and how this perception varies depending upon the personality disposition in life insurance sector of Pakistan. Using cross sectional research design, the study taped customers’ responses regarding service quality, customers’ trust, and their personality disposition. The sample was obtained from insurance sector in different cities of Pakistan, where 242 customers were participated in the survey Explanatory factor analysis, single mean T-test, correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to test proposed hypotheses. The results indicate positive relationship between different dimensions of service quality and customers’ trust. The finding of moderation analysis shows that customer’s personality traits have varied effects on the relationships between dimensions of service quality and customers’ trust. Finally, based on quantitative findings, proposed framework was revised. This study recommends several implications for managers of services industry so that they should develop an effective service design to build long-term customers’ trust in accordance with different personality traits.

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