Abstract MP65: Increased Sedentary Time Is Associated With Greater Postpartum Blood Pressure In Women With A History Of Preeclampsia

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia R Nuckols ◽  
Amy Stroud ◽  
Kelsey Gruber ◽  
Rumbidzai Ngonyama ◽  
Debra Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Women with a history of preeclampsia (hxPE) are at a four-fold increased risk for chronic hypertension and have elevated aortic stiffness compared withhealthy pregnancy (HP). Higher sedentary time (ST) is related to higher odds of hypertension in clinic among young women regardless of the amount of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). As pregnancy and postpartum are uniquely vulnerable times of increased sedentary behavior, the objectives of this study were to determine whether ST is associated with higher blood pressure (BP) and aortic stiffness in women with hxPE compared with HP 1-3 years postpartum, and if change in ST from late pregnancy to postpartum is related to change in BP or aortic stiffness. Methods: Women with hxPE (N=33) and HP (N=46) completed the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) 18±6 months postpartum. BP was assessed in triplicate in clinic and by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and aortic stiffness by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV). In a subset of women (N=20), clinic BP, CFPWV and the PPAQ were previously evaluated in the third trimester. Results: Women with hxPE reported more leisure-time ST compared with HP (18 [7-19] vs 7 [5-7] MET-hr/wk, P<0.001), whereas MVPA did not differ (77 [39-106] vs 56 [35-88] MET-hr/wk, P=0.13). 24-hour ambulatory BP was higher in women with hxPE (120 [114-126] vs 114 [109-120] mmHg, P=0.049; 78 [72-82] vs 74 [70-77] mmHg, P=0.056), but CFPWV did not differ independently of BP (6.1 vs 5.5 m/s, P=0.33). Postpartum ST, but not MVPA, was associated with higher 24-hr systolic (ρ=0.24, P=0.04) and diastolic BP (ρ=0.27, P=0.02) and higher CFPWV (ρ=0.31, P=0.008) independent of body mass index. Increases in ST from late pregnancy to postpartum (0 [-3-2] ΔMET-hr/wk, P=0.22) was related to increased BP (systolic ρ=0.42, P=0.06; diastolic ρ=0.44, P=0.050) and increases in CFPWV (ρ=0.54, P=0.02) despite a reported increase in MVPA (21.5 [-0.5-63] ΔMET-hr/wk, P=0.04). Conclusions: Greater ST is related to higher BP and aortic stiffness 1-3 years postpartum, and women with hxPE report greater leisure-time ST compared with HP controls. Reduction in ST may represent an achievable interventional strategy to improve cardiovascular health in women with hxPE.

scholarly journals Physical activity, sedentary time and their associations with clustered metabolic risk among people with type 2 diabetes in Jiangsu province: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e027906
Author(s):  
Yijia Chen ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Jian Su ◽  
Yu Qin ◽  
Chong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Metabolic Risk

ObjectiveInvestigating the association between total physical activity, physical activity in different domains and sedentary time with clustered metabolic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes from Jiangsu province, China.DesignInterview-based cross-sectional study conducted between December 2013 and January 2014.Setting44 selected townships across two cities, Changshu and Huai’an, in Jiangsu province.Participants20 340 participants selected using stratified cluster-randomised sampling and an interviewer-managed questionnaire.MethodsWe constructed clustered metabolic risk by summing sex-specific standardised values of waist circumference, fasting triacylglycerol, fasting plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure and the inverse of blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol). Self-reported total physical activity included occupation, commuting and leisure-time physical activity. The un-standardised regression coefficient [B] and its 95% CI were calculated using multivariate linear regression analyses.ResultsThis study included 17 750 type 2 diabetes patients (aged 21–94 years, 60.3% female). The total (B=−0.080; 95% CI: −0.114 to −0.046), occupational (B=−0.066; 95% CI: −0.101 to− 0.031) and leisure-time physical activity (B=−0.041; 95% CI: −0.075 to −0.007), and sedentary time (B=0.117; 95% CI: 0.083 to 0.151) were associated with clustered metabolic risk. Total physical activity, occupational physical activity and sedentary time were associated with waist circumference, triacylglycerol and HDL-cholesterol, but not with systolic blood pressure. Commuting physical activity and sedentary time were significantly associated with triacylglycerol (B=−0.012; 95% CI: −0.019 to −0.005) and fasting plasma glucose (B=0.008; 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.01), respectively. Leisure-time physical activity was only significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (B=−0.239; 95% CI: −0.542 to− 0.045).ConclusionsTotal, occupational and leisure-time physical activity were inversely associated with clustered metabolic risk, whereas sedentary time increased metabolic risk. Commuting physical activity was inversely associated with triacylglycerol. These findings suggest that increased physical activity in different domains and decreased sedentary time may have protective effects against metabolic risk in type 2 diabetes patients.

Abstract P376: Associations Between Moderate To Vigorous Physical Activity And Sedentary Time On Cognitive Function In Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M Hoffmann ◽  
Megan E Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with increased risk for cognitive decline. Lifestyle behaviors such as moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reduced sedentary time (ST) may mitigate this decline, but limited research exists. The aim of the study was to examine the joint association of MVPA and ST on cognitive function by CVD status. Adults (n=2844, ≥60yrs) from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey underwent cognitive testing (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]; Animal Fluency [AF]). Participants reported minutes of MVPA per week (categorized by U.S. PA Guidelines: ≥ 150min MPA and/or ≥ 75min VPA PA vs <150min MPA and <75min VPA), and typical ST per day (≤7hrs vs >7hrs ) , and reported physician-diagnosed CVD (i.e., myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary heart disease, or heart failure). Weighted linear regression analyses assessed the joint association of MVPA and ST on cognitive function, and tested the modifying effect of CVD status (alpha level for interaction terms set at 0.1) after adjustment for demographics, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, and depression symptomatology. See Table. There were significant main effects for combined MVPA-ST groups on DSST (Wald F (3,30)=4.92, p =.007) and AF (Wald F (3,30)=5.01, p =.006). Individuals who did not engage in MVPA regardless of ST had significantly worse scores on DSST compared to the reference group. There was a significant main effect for CVD on DSST (Wald F (1,32)=8.82, p =.006). There was a significant interaction between MVPA-ST groups and CVD status on DSST (Wald F (3,30)=3.691, p =.023). Stratified analyses indicated among individuals with CVD, the buffering effect of MVPA was maintained, but the interaction was not significant for those without CVD. In a sample of adults with a history of CVD, meeting recommendations for MVPA appeared to preserve executive functioning regardless of ST. This research highlights the added importance for people with a history of CVD to participate in the recommended amount of MVPA.

Abstract 049: De Novo Postpartum Hypertension In A Safety-net Hospital: Incidence And Risk Factors

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha E Parker ◽  
Ayodele Ajayi ◽  
Christina Yarrington
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Safety Net Hospital ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Postpartum hypertension can be persistent, following a pregnancy complicated by hypertension, or new onset ( de novo ), following a normotensive pregnancy. The postpartum period is traditionally defined as six weeks after delivery, yet accruing evidence shows that hypertension underlies the majority of severe maternal morbidity events through a year postpartum. While guidelines for enhanced monitoring of women at risk of persistent postpartum hypertension exist, less is known about risk factors for de novo postpartum hypertension. The aim of this study is to estimate the incidence of and identify risk factors for de novo postpartum hypertension among a diverse safety-net hospital population through the entire year postpartum. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that women with de novo postpartum hypertension share similar demographic and reproductive characteristics to women at increased risk of cardiovascular related maternal morbidity. Methods: We conducted a cohort study of 8,531 deliveries at Boston Medical Center from 2016-2018. Data on demographics, reproductive history, and labor and delivery were obtained from medical records. All documented blood pressure measures from pregnancy through 12 months postpartum were extracted. Women with chronic hypertension or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were excluded. De novo postpartum hypertension was defined as two separate blood pressure readings with systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg at least 48 hours after delivery. Severe de novo hypertension was defined using criteria of SBP ≥160 and/or DPB ≥110. We examined the distribution of demographic and pregnancy characteristics among women with and without de novo postpartum hypertension. Secondary analyses restricting to women with healthcare visits after six weeks postpartum were also conducted. Results: Among the 6,631 women without a history of hypertension, 10% (n=660) developed de novo postpartum hypertension; a third of whom had severe hypertension (n=225). Compared to women without de novo hypertension; cases were more likely to be non-Hispanic Black; delivered via cesearean section; have had a preterm delivery; and be multiparous. In analyses restricted to women with visits extending past six weeks postpartum (n=3,272), the incidence of de novo postpartum hypertension was 16.6%. Approximately 30% of these cases were diagnosed after the traditionally used six week period. Conclusion: In conclusion, 1 in 10 women with normotensive pregnancies experience de novo hypertension in the year after delivery, with a third of these cases developing after six weeks. Opportunities to monitor and manage women at the highest risk of de novo hypertension throughout the entire year postpartum could mitigate cardiovascular related maternal morbidity.

Abstract P306: Racial/Ethnic Differences In Self-reported Sedentary Time Are Related To Differential Risk For Prevalent Hypertension: NHANES 2011-2016

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Mattingly ◽  
Megan E Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Introduction: Evidence suggests there are racial/ethnic differences in lifestyle behaviors that may affect cardiovascular health outcomes such as physical activity engagement, diet, and sleep duration. However, the literature on racial/ethnic differences in sedentary time (ST) and whether these differences may be related differentially to cardiovascular health is limited. The goals of this study are to investigate racial/ethnic differences in self-reported ST, and examine if the modifying effect of ST with race/ethnicity will be associated with hypertension (HTN) prevalence. Methods: Adults (N=15903, age ≥20 yrs) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016 reported their race/ethnicity (Mexican American [MA], Other Hispanic [OH], non-Hispanic White [NHW], non-Hispanic Black [NHB], non-Hispanic Asian, Other or mixed race [OM]), ST on a typical day (median split at 6 hrs: Low vs. High ST), and history of physician diagnosed HTN (yes/no). Weighted logistic regression models were conducted to examine the association between race/ethnic groups and ST, and combined racial/ethnic-ST groups (reference group: NHW with Low ST) on HTN prevalence while controlling for age, sex, education, body mass index, smoking status, moderate-vigorous physical activity min/wk, and history of diabetes, cardiovascular (i.e., heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary heart disease) and kidney conditions. Results: There was a significant association between race/ethnic groups and ST (Wald F [5,43]=23.4, p <0.001) such that compared to NHW, MA (OR=.43, 95%CI:.36,.51) OH (OR=.51, 95%CI:.42,.62), and OM (OR=.71, 95%CI:.55,.91) had lower odds for High ST. Weighted percent of the sample with HTN was 32.6%. There was a significant effect of combined race by ST groups on HTN (Wald F [11,37] = 9.8, p <0.001). Compared to NHW with Low ST, MA (OR=.70, 95%CI: .54,.90) and OH (OR=.79, 95%CI: .64,.97) with Low ST had lower odds for HTN, whereas NHB with Low ST (OR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.34,1.87) and High ST (OR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.50,2.07) had increased odds of HTN. Conclusion: In a large national cohort, daily ST differed by race/ethnicity, and ST modified the association between race/ethnicity and odds for HTN such that compared to more active NHW, more active Hispanic groups had decreased odds for HTN, but NHB regardless of ST had increased risk for HTN. ST may be a key modifiable risk factor in addressing race/ethnic disparities in cardiovascular health.

L-Citrulline supplementation during pregnancy improves perinatal and postpartum maternal vascular function in a mouse model of preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Gemmel ◽  
Elizabeth F Sutton ◽  
Judith Brands ◽  
Lauren Burnette ◽  
Marcia J Gallaher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Specific Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum

Preeclampsia is a spontaneously occurring pregnancy complication diagnosed by new onset hypertension and end-organ dysfunction with or without proteinuria. This pregnancy-specific syndrome contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality and can have detrimental effects on fetal outcome. Preeclampsia is also linked to increased risk of maternal cardiovascular disease throughout life. Despite intense investigation of this disorder, few treatment options are available. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of maternal L-citrulline supplementation on pregnancy-specific vascular dysfunction in the ♀ C57BL/6J x ♂ C57BL/6J C1q-/- preeclampsia-like mouse model. L-citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that is converted to L-arginine to promote smooth muscle and blood vessel relaxation and improve nitric oxide (NO) mediated vascular function. To model a preeclampsia-like pregnancy, female C57BL/6J mice were mated to C1q-/- male mice, and a subset of dams were supplemented with L-citrulline throughout pregnancy. Blood pressure, systemic vascular glycocalyx, and ex-vivo vascular function were investigated in late pregnancy, and postpartum at 6 and 10 months of age. Main findings show that L-citrulline reduced blood pressure, increased vascular glycocalyx volume and rescued ex-vivo vascular function at gestation day 17.5 in this preeclampsia-like model. The vascular benefit of L-citrulline also extended postpartum, with improved vascular function and glycocalyx measures at 6 and 10 months of age. L-citrulline mediated vascular improvements appear, in part, attributable to NO pathway signaling. Taken together, L-citrulline supplementation during pregnancy appears to have beneficial effects on maternal vascular health which may have translational implications for improved maternal cardiovascular health.

Elevation of pulse pressure in middle age is associated with the risk of dementia: data from a population-based cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Kim ◽  
H Jung ◽  
P.S Yang ◽  
H.T Yu ◽  
T.H Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Aims Pulse pressure (PP) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the association between the PP and dementia is not well identified. This study aimed to determine the effect of PP on the risk of dementia development in different age subgroups using a longitudinal, population-based, and stroke-free cohort from the general population. Methods The association of PP with the development of incident dementia was assessed from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2013, in 433,154 participants without a history of dementia or stroke from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening cohort. The diagnosis of dementia was defined using the 10th revision of the International Classification of Disease codes. Results The mean age of the cohort was 55.7±9.2 years, 45.7% were women. Hypertension was 23.6%. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the entire cohort were 125.9±16.6 and 78.4±10.7 mmHg, respectively. Mean PP was 47.5±10.9 mmHg. In the middle-age group (40 to 50 year-old), increasing of 10 mmHg of PP was associated with incident dementia after adjusting mean blood pressure and clinical variables with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–1.23, p&lt;0.001). The association was still significant even after censoring for stroke (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.08–1.22, p&lt;0.001). In the older population, elevation of PP was not associated with dementia development (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.95–1.01, p=0.247) Conclusion PP was associated with increased risk of dementia only in middle-aged population beyond that of mean arterial pressure. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Differences in the Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and BMI of Finnish Grade 5 Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 765-771
Author(s):  
Kasper Salin ◽  
Mikko Huhtiniemi ◽  
Anthony Watt ◽  
Harto Hakonen ◽  
Timo Jaakkola
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Background: This study examined the distribution of objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time of fifth-grade students during school, leisure time, and physical education (PE) classes. Demographic, anthropometric, and PA data were collected from 17 representative Finnish schools. Methods: To estimate the PA and sedentary time, participants (N = 592) wore wGT3X-BT ActiGraphs for 7 consecutive days. Comparisons were made between genders and different BMI groups. Results: From the study sample, 43.7% met the moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) guidelines. Participants spent 62.2% of the day sedentary and 8.2% in moderate and vigorous activities. Boys performed more MVPA than girls, and girls were more sedentary during school days. Boys had more MVPA than girls in leisure time, but there were no differences in sedentary time. However, an examination of PA assessed during PE classes revealed no differences between boys and girls. Normal-weight boys engaged in more MVPA than overweight and obese boys. No differences were found for girls. Conclusions: The PA levels differ between different BMI groups in leisure time and during school but not during PE lessons. PA for overweight children should be targeted and compulsory PE time should be increased to achieve the PA guidelines.

ACE gene and physical activity, blood pressure, and hypertension: a population study in Finland

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 2508-2512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo M. Fuentes ◽  
Markus Perola ◽  
Aulikki Nissinen ◽  
Jaakko Tuomilehto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

The study evaluated the association of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE I/D) with self-reported moderate-intensity leisure time physical activity (MILTPA), arterial blood pressure (BP) and history of hypertension (HT). A representative population-based sample of 721 middle-aged adults (358 women) from two areas of Finland was genotyped for the ACE I/D. After exclusion criteria were applied, 455 subjects (288 women) were selected for the analysis. The distribution of the ACE I/D genotypes did not differ significantly among frequent vs. nonfrequent MILTPA groups (χ2 = 2.556; df = 2; P value = 0.279). The main predictors of BP were male gender, age, body mass index, and arterial pulse. Additionally, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption also had a significant main effect on diastolic BP. HT was significantly more frequent in subjects with obesity, family history of cardiovascular disease, or lower educational level. As for BP, neither ACE I/D nor MILTPA was associated with HT. The study confirmed recent reports from population-based studies of no association between ACE I/D and physical fitness. The study also confirmed a lack of association between ACE I/D and BP or HT.

Abstract P231: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Trajectories During Pregnancy and Postpartum Blood Pressure

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbi Lane-Cordova ◽  
Melissa Jones ◽  
Janet M Catov ◽  
Bethany Barone Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Group Assignment ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Adjusted Model

Background: Pregnancy influences longer-term vascular health for women. Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SED) have been associated with blood pressure (BP) in non-pregnant adults. Self-reported pregnancy MVPA has been associated with less risk of hypertension during pregnancy, but associations of MVPA and SED patterns during pregnancy and postpartum BP have not been investigated. Methods: MVPA and SED were measured objectively in women in each trimester of a singleton pregnancy using triaxial and positional accelerometers and defined using established cut points. Systolic and diastolic BP obtained at the 6-week postpartum clinic visit were abstracted from medical charts. Latent class trajectory modeling was used to assign women to one of three MVPA and SED trajectory groups: low, medium, and high. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate differences in systolic and diastolic BP between trajectory groups and linear regression was used to test for associations of MVPA and SED trajectory group assignment with BP. Adjustment variables included age, race, and postpartum BMI. Results: Of the 101 women in the study, 23 were African American, mean age = 31±0.5 years and mean postpartum BMI = 27.6±0.7 kg/m 2 . Mean postpartum systolic and diastolic BP were 114±1 and 71±1 mmHg. Systolic BP was similar among MVPA and SED trajectory groups. Diastolic BP differed between MVPA (low: 76±2, medium: 70±1, high: 70±2 mmHg, p<0.05) and SED (low: 71±3, medium: 69±1, high: 74±1, p<0.05) trajectory groups. In adjusted analyses, SED, but not MVPA, trajectory assignment was significantly associated with postpartum diastolic BP, b=3.1, 95% CI: 0.6, 5.6, p<0.02. Compared to the low SED trajectory, assignment to the high SED trajectory was associated with 4.9 (95% CI: -0.2, 10.0) mmHg higher diastolic BP in the adjusted model. Conclusions: SED trajectory across three trimesters of pregnancy was associated with postpartum diastolic BP, even after accounting for biologic covariates and MVPA. Results suggest avoiding high SED during pregnancy might help improve diastolic BP after delivery.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Risk Factors among 34,111 HAART Naïve HIV-Infected Adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Njelekela ◽  
Alfa Muhihi ◽  
Akum Aveika ◽  
Donna Spiegelman ◽  
Claudia Hawkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background. Elevated blood pressure has been reported among treatment naïve HIV-infected patients. We investigated prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in a HAART naïve HIV-infected population in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among HAART naïve HIV-infected patients. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg. Overweight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) between 25.0–29.9 kg/m2and ≥30 kg/m2, respectively. We used relative risks to examine factors associated with hypertension.Results. Prevalence of hypertension was found to be 12.5%. After adjusting for possible confounders, risk of hypertension was 10% more in male than female patients. Patients aged ≥50 years had more than 2-fold increased risk for hypertension compared to 30–39-years-old patients. Overweight and obesity were associated with 51% and 94% increased risk for hypertension compared to normal weight patients. Low CD4+ T-cell count, advanced WHO clinical disease stage, and history of TB were associated with 10%, 42%, and 14% decreased risk for hypertension.Conclusions. Older age, male gender, and overweight/obesity were associated with hypertension. Immune suppression and history of TB were associated with lower risk for hypertension. HIV treatment programs should screen and manage hypertension even in HAART naïve individuals.

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