Abstract 146: White Blood Cell Count and Risk of Stroke in Men and Women: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk Prospective Population Study

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangmei Li ◽  
Xinxue Liu ◽  
Robert N Luben ◽  
Amanda I Adler ◽  
Nicholas J Wareham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Prospective Investigation

Background and Objectives: An elevated white blood cell (WBC) count has been reported to be associated with all-cause mortality and risk of cardiovascular diseases. While the relationship between leukocyte count and coronary heart disease has been well documented, evidence on the association with risk of stroke has been less consistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between WBC count and incidence of stroke in a large cohort of disease-free men and women, and to assess how far any associations might be explained by traditional risk factors for stroke. Methods: We examined the prospective association between full blood WBC count and incident stroke in 7,392 men and 9,049 women from the general population participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk Study. Participants were aged 39-79 years, without known heart attack, stroke, and cancer at the baseline examination in 1993-1997 and were followed up for incident stroke till March 2008. Results: During the median follow-up of 12 years, 542 incident stroke cases were observed. The age- and sex- adjusted risk of incident stroke increased with the increase of WBC count. Compared to the lowest quartile of WBC count, the age- and sex- adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for stroke were 1.11 (0.86-1.45), 1.40 (1.10-1.79), and 1.65 (1.29-2.09) in the second, third, and fourth quartile, respectively. Adjusting for smoking attenuated the results, while further adjustment for socioeconomic and lifestyle risk factors changed the association very little. The association was further attenuated after adjustment for biological risk factors such as systolic blood pressure and a history of diabetes at baseline, but people with the highest quartile of WBC count still had a higher risk of stroke than those in the lowest quartile (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.02-1.71). Every 2*10 9 /L increase in WBC count was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.14 (95% CI 1.02-1.26) for stroke in the fully-adjusted model which included age, sex, smoking status, BMI, social class, educational level, alcohol intake, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, a history of diabetes at baseline, and total serum cholesterol. Conclusions: A positive association between WBC count and stroke was observed in these middle-aged and older men and women. Adjustment for smoking attenuated the association while multivariate adjustment for other risk factors did not further change the results.

Abstract MP048: Partner Violence is Associated with Higher Blood Pressure in Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cari J Clark ◽  
Susan A Everson-Rose ◽  
Resnick Michael ◽  
Iris Borowsky ◽  
Sonya S Brady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

Introduction: Women are more likely to experience distress and injury from intimate partner violence (IPV), and may also be at greater risk of higher blood pressure than male victims. However, most prior epidemiologic research has not included men and has not examined perpetation, despite the predominance of mutually violent relationships. Therefore, this study investigates sex differences in the relationship between exposure to IPV victimization and perpetration and systolic blood pressure (SB). Methods: The study included 3447 (52% female; mean(sd) age=22(3)) participants of Waves 3 (2001–2002) and 4 (2007) of the publically-available subset of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Frequency of psychological, physical, sexual IPV and IPV-related injury were ascertained with the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales at Wave 3. Exposure to IPV was categorized as no IPV victimization or perpetration (ref), only low victimization and / or perpetration, high victimization and low/no perpetration, high perpetration and low/no victimization, and both high victimization and perpetration. SBP was measured at Wave 4 using standard procedures. Potential confounders (age, educational attainment, race, history of child abuse) and mediators (depressive symptoms, breakfast consumption, moderate physical exercise, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption) were recorded at Wave 3. Multivariable weighted linear regression was used to test the relationship between SBP and IPV by adjusting for confounders then by adjusting for the proposed mediators. Analyses were stratified by sex and a multiplicative term was tested. Results: Approximately 30% of the sample reported IPV exposure (n=2050), of which 23% (n=831) experienced low victimization and or perpetration, 5% (n=157) high victimization, 6% (N=203) high perpetration, 6% (n=206) both high victimization and perpetration. Women were slightly more likely to report high perpetration and both high victimization and high perpetration (p<0.01). In separate models controlling for confounders, experiencing both high victimization and perpetration was associated with 4.02 mmHg SBP higher in men (95% CI: 0.32, 7.72) and 2.51 mmHg SBP higher in women (95% CI: 0.18, 4.84) compared to those with no IPV. In addition, reporting high perpetration was associated with 3.83 mmHg higher SBP in men (95% CI: –0.72, 8.38), while high victimization was associated with 2.94 mmHg higher SBP for women (95% CI: –0.61, 6.49). Further adjustment for the hypothesized mediators slightly attenuated the findings. The multiplicative term (IPV X sex) was marginally significant (p=0.09). Conclusions: Exposure to high levels of victimization and perpetration is associated with higher levels of SBP for men and women. High victimization alone is related to higher SBP for women while high perpetration is related to higher SBP for men.

scholarly journals Relation Between Preclinical Atherosclerosis and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Thrombophilias – Longitudinal Study

2014 ◽  
pp. S403-S409 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. AUZKÝ ◽  
R. DEMBOVSKÁ ◽  
J. MRÁZKOVÁ ◽  
Š. NOVÁKOVÁ ◽  
L. PAGÁČOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preclinical Atherosclerosis

Preclinical atherosclerosis may represent a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). In longitudinal study we followed longitudinally 96 patients (32 men) with thrombophilias with (n=51) and without (n=45) history of VTE. In both groups we studied the changes of preclinical atherosclerosis at peripherally located arteries detected by ultrasound. In addition, we assessed changes in selected risk factors of atherosclerosis. During the mean follow-up of 56.0±7.62 months we did not find significant change in preclinical atherosclerosis defined as Belcaro score in either group (–3 % in the VTE group vs 0 % in non VTE group). Significant increase in body mass index (1.03±1.98 kg*m-2, resp. 1.21±1.67 kg*m-2, p<0.01) and non-significant increase in systolic blood pressure were detected in both groups. Waist circumference increased significantly only in patients without VTE (4.11±7.84 cm, p<0.05). No differences in changes of risk factors under study between both groups were detected. In summary, patients with thrombophilia and history of VTE showed no evidence of greater progression of atherosclerosis or increase in traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis than patients with thrombophilia without history of VTE. Unfavorable changes of body mass index, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure were detected in both groups during study period.

Abstract P011: White Blood Cell Count in Young Adulthood and Coronary Artery Calcification in Early Middle Age: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifang Hou ◽  
Donald Lloyd-Jones ◽  
Hongyan Ning ◽  
Mark . D Huffman ◽  
Myriam Fornage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Wbc Count

Background: White blood cell (WBC) count is associated with incident coronary heart disease (CHD). Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis that predicts CHD events. Since data are sparse regarding the association of WBC count with future CAC, we examined the association of WBC count in early adulthood (age 18-30 yrs.) with the presence of CAC 15 or 20 years later (age 33-50 yrs.). Methods: We included CARDIA participants who had baseline data on risk factors and WBC counts, and participated in the Year (Y) 15 or Y20 examinations with CAC score information. We performed age-, sex-, and race-adjusted linear regression analyses to examine the cross-sectional association between baseline (Y0) WBC count (total and subtypes) and known CHD risk factors, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), BMI, smoking (packs/year), total and HDL-cholesterol. We used multiple logistic regressions to assess prospective associations between Y0 WBC count and the presence of CAC at Y15 and Y20. Results: Among 3094 participants, mean (SD) age at baseline was 25± 4 years, 57% were women and 45% were black. In total, 263 and 566 subjects had CAC score>0 at Y15 and Y20 examination, respectively. Y0 SBP, BMI, and smoking (p<0.001), and HDL-cholesterol (p=0.01) were significantly associated with Y0 total WBC counts. Compared to participants without CAC at Y20, those with CAC score>0 had higher Y0 counts (10 9 /L, SD) of total WBC (6.0 ± 1.8 vs. 6.2 ± 1.9, p=0.04), lymphocyte (2.16 ± 0.75 vs. 2.23 ± 0.76 p=0.05), and eosinophil (0.16 ± 0.13 vs. 0.18 ± 0.16, p<0.001). These counts were positively associated with the presence of Y20 CAC after adjusting for potential confounders ( Table 1 ). Similar patterns were observed for Y15 CAC (data not shown). Conclusion: Total WBC and certain subtype counts in young adulthood are significantly associated with presence of CAC 15 or 20 years later in early middle age. These findings suggest the possible involvement of WBC in the initiation and/or early development of atherosclerosis. Table 1. Y0 WBC counts and CAC presence at Y20 (OR (95% CI) per 1 x 10 9 /L WBC counts Model 1 * Model 2 ** Total WBC 1.24 (1.12, 1.37) 1.11 (1.00, 1.24) Monocyte 1.02 (0.93, 1.13) 0.96 (0.87, 1.07) Neutrophils 1.13 (0.99, 1.28) 1.06 (0.93, 1.21) Lymphocyte 1.16 (1.05, 1.28) 1.03 (0.93, 1.14) Eosinophil 1.17 (1.05, 1.29) 1.14 (1.02, 1.27) * Age, sex, race adjusted; ** Model 1 plus Y0 education, SBP, BMI, TC, HDL, smoking and blood pressure lowering medication use.

The Effect of Cardiac Cycle Phase on Reaction Time Among Individuals at Varying Risk for Hypertension

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse C. Stewart ◽  
Christopher R. France ◽  
Julie A. Suhr
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Baroreceptor Stimulation ◽  
History Of

Abstract: Existing evidence suggests that baroreceptor stimulation may impair sensorimotor functioning. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the adverse effect of baroreceptor stimulation on sensorimotor functioning is more pronounced among individuals at increased risk for hypertension. A visual reaction time task was completed by 93 normotensive men and women at varying risk for hypertension, as defined by the combination of their resting systolic blood pressure and their parental history of hypertension. To correspond with natural fluctuations in baroreceptor stimulation across the cardiac cycle, stimuli were administered at one of 12 intervals after the occurrence of an electrocardiogram (ECG) R-wave (R + 50, 100, 150 . . . 600 ms). Reaction time to stimuli presented during the middle of the cardiac cycle, when baroreceptor stimulation is increased, was significantly slower than to stimuli presented earlier in the cycle, when baroreceptor stimulation is reduced. The influence of cardiac cycle phase on reaction time was similar among participants with high-normal, normal, or low-normal systolic blood pressure as well as among participants with a positive or negative parental history of hypertension. These findings suggest that baroreceptor stimulation impairs sensorimotor functioning in normotensive men and women; however, this effect is not more pronounced among individuals at increased risk for hypertension.

scholarly journals The Role of Risk Factors (Onset - Hospitalization, Onset - Surgery, Increase in Pulse, Systolic Blood Pressure) on Death in Gastric Perforation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Faisal Amri Lubis ◽  
Sarup Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Gastric Perforation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Logistic Regression Test

ABSTRACT Introduction. Gastric perforation is the second most common complication due to peptic ulcer after bleeding where the risk of mortality in patients who have received surgical treatment is still high. The factors that have the greatest influence on the death of the patient are old age and the time span of handling more than 24 hours. This study aims to determine the relationship between risk factors (onset - hospitalization, onset - surgery, increased pulse, decreased systolic blood pressure) on the death of gastric perforation patients undergoing surgery at Dr. General Hospital Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Methods: An observational analytic study with a case-control study design was carried out from August to October 2017 at the Dr. General Central Hospital Mohammad Hoesin (RSMH) Palembang. There were 90 respondents consisting of 30 sample groups with death cases and 60 sample groups with life control. The relationship between independent and dependent variables was analyzed by Chi Square test while risk factors that play a role in death in gastric perforation patients who performed surgery were analyzed with the Logistic Regression test. Data analysis uses SPSS version 18.0. Results. There was a significant relationship between increased pulse (OR = 11,227 CI95% 3,923-32,129; p = 0,000), onset - MRS (hospital admission) (OR = 4,125 CI95% 1,579-10,773; p = 0,006) and onset - surgery (OR = 3,786 CI95% 1,267-11,308; p = 0.029) on the death of a gastric perforation patient undergoing surgery. With the Logistic Regression test, an increase in pulse and onset - hospital admission was significantly related to the death of a gastric perforation patient undergoing surgery. Conclusion. It can be concluded that the increase in pulse and onset of hospital admission are risk factors that contribute to the death of gastric perforation patients who undergo surgery.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetes, Prediabetes, and Associated Factors in an Adult Chinese Population: Baseline of a Prediabetes Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjie Yu ◽  
Fang Duan ◽  
Da Lin ◽  
Hai Li ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Wbc Count

Purpose. To report baseline information of a prediabetes mellitus (PDM) cohort with the aim of exploring related factors for the progression of PDM and its complications. Methods. This study is an exploratory and cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from a cohort study. Residents aged 18 to 70 years from Houtang Village, Nanyue Town, Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province, China, were invited to participate between October 1, 2018 and July 1, 2019. Blood samples were collected for analysis, and questionnaire interviews were conducted to assess behavioral characteristics. The study participants were divided into DM, PDM, and normal groups for comparisons based on their blood work, and multiple multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to assess the risk factors for DM and PDM. Results. Data from 406 participants were used in the baseline analysis, with a mean age of 51.2 ± 11.0 years and 160 (33.0%) males. The number of participants in the DM, PDM, and normal group was 58 (14.3%), 166 (40.9%), and 182 (44.8%), respectively. The prevalence of DM was 14.3%, and the prevalence of PDM was 40.9%. The regression analysis showed that older age (relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01–1.11, P = 0.018 ), higher systolic blood pressure (RRR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.004–1.08, P = 0.030 ), higher BMI (RRR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06–3.06, P = 0.004 ), higher TG (RRR = 1.80; 95% CI, 1.06–3.06, P = 0.029 ), and higher WBC count (RRR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07–1.64, P = 0.010 ) were significantly associated with a higher risk of DM. Meanwhile, higher systolic blood pressure (RRR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.004–1.06, P = 0.025 ) was the only factor significantly associated with a higher risk of PDM. Conclusion. The prevalence of DM and PDM is relatively high in this wealthy East China village population. Many modifiable risk factors exist for DM and PDM, which will be closely monitored during our longitudinal observation.

Resting Systolic Blood Pressure and Heart Rate at Work

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn G. Jonsson ◽  
Irma Åstrand
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Lower Heart Rate ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Submaximal Exercise Test ◽  
The Relationship

A random sample ( n = 1 050) of the population of a region in central Sweden performed a submaximal exercise test on bicycle ergometers. The participants were men and women aged 18 to 65 taking part in the REBUS study 1969–71 (3). This paper deals with the partial relationship between heart rate at different rates of work and systolic blood pressure measured at rest (SBP) controlling the influence of other predictors of heart rate. It was found that the relationship was non-linear and that individuals with a relatively high SBP had a lower heart rate than individuals with lower SBP. The curvilinear relationship was more pronounced in women and grew stronger with increasing rate of work.

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