Understanding Intentions in Social Interaction: The Role of the Anterior Paracingulate Cortex

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1854-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Walter ◽  
Mauro Adenzato ◽  
Angela Ciaramidaro ◽  
Ivan Enrici ◽  
Lorenzo Pia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Brain Region ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Social Stimuli ◽  
Prefrontal Region ◽  
Per Se

Neuroimaging studies have identified the anterior paracingulate cortex (PCC) as the key prefrontal region subserving theory of mind. We adopt an evolutionary perspective hypothesizing that, in response to the pressures of social complexity, a mechanism for manipulating information concerning social interaction has emerged in the anterior PCC. To date, neuroimaging studies have not properly distinguished between intentions of persons involved in social interactions and intentions of an isolated person. In two separate fMRI experiments, we demonstrated that the anterior PCC is not necessarily involved in the understanding of other people's intentions per se, but primarily in the understanding of the intentions of people involved in social interaction. Moreover, this brain region showed activation when a represented intention implies social interaction and therefore had not yet actually occurred. This result suggests that the anterior PCC is also involved in our ability to predict future intentional social interaction, based on an isolated agent's behavior. We conclude that distinct areas of the neural system underlying theory of mind are specialized in processing distinct classes of social stimuli.

Trust in the Workplace: The Role of Social Interaction Diversity in the Community and in the Workplace

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Cui ◽  
Ilan Vertinsky ◽  
Sandra Robinson ◽  
Oana Branzei
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Extending the literature on social capital development in the community, this article examines the impact of diverse social interactions (in the community and the workplace) on the development of social trust in the workplace, and investigates whether their effects differ in individualistic and collectivistic cultures. Using survey data collected in Canada and China, the authors find that the diversity of one’s social interactions in the community is positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, and this relationship is not significantly different between the two cultures. Diversity of one’s social interactions in the workplace is also positively associated with one’s social trust in the workplace, though only in collectivistic cultures.

The influence of concealing academic achievement on the self-esteem of adolescents with low achievement

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-810
Author(s):  
Baoshan Zhang ◽  
Jun-Yan Zhao ◽  
Guoliang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Performance

An examination was carried out of the influences of concealing academic achievement on self-esteem in an academically relevant social interaction based on the assumption that concealing socially devalued characteristics should influence individuals' self-esteem during social interactions. An interview paradigm called for school-aged adolescents who either were or were not low (academic) achievers to play the role of students who were or were not low achievers while answering academically relevant questions. The data suggest that the performance self-esteem of low achievers who played the role of good students was more positive than that of low achievers who played the role of low achievers. On the other hand, participants who played the role of good students had more positive performance self-esteem than did participants who played the role of low achievers.

scholarly journals The role of state feelings of loneliness in the situational regulation of social affiliative behavior: Exploring the regulatory relations within a multilevel framework

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252775
Author(s):  
Andreas Reissmann ◽  
Ewelina Stollberg ◽  
Joachim Hauser ◽  
Ivo Kaunzinger ◽  
Klaus W. Lange
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Affiliative Behavior ◽  
Social Affiliation ◽  
Quadratic Effects

Previous empirical evidence suggests that the engagement in social interactions across different everyday contexts occurs in a manner highly responsive to a person’s social affiliation needs. As has been shown repeatedly, social engagement (as well as disengagement) can be predicted from earlier situational need states, implying that homeostatic principles underlie a person’s social affiliative behaviors. However, little is known about the role of emotion in these regulative processes. For this reason, the present exploratory study investigated the predictive role of state feelings of loneliness in subsequent engagement in social interaction. Since loneliness is conceptually associated with both the need to reaffiliate as well as self-protecting tendencies potentially hindering engagement in social contact, the study investigated the possibility of both increases and decreases in social contacts resulting from state feelings of loneliness. Adopting an experience sampling methodology (ESM), a sample of 65 participants was recruited from a local university and was followed for 14 days. Subjects were prompted several times a day to rate their feeling states and the quantity of social interactions, using a fixed interval assessment schedule. Statistical analyses using multilevel analysis indicated that state feelings of loneliness had complex quadratic effects upon subsequent social interaction, leading to both increases and decreases in subsequent social interaction. Moreover, these effects were contingent upon previous engagement in social interaction, implying spillover effects across social contexts that are conditionally mediated by feelings of loneliness. These findings clearly imply an important, albeit complex role of state feelings of loneliness in the regulation of social affiliation, both as a predictor and a consequence of social interaction. These exploratory findings are discussed against the background of methodological and conceptual limitations, and several recommendations for future studies are made.

scholarly journals The role of family and social media in athlete social interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Aulia Gusdernawati ◽  
Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
A Value ◽  
Analysis Technique

Social interaction is an inseparable part of human life, including an athlete, because literally, humans are social creatures. Social interactions carried out in society can be influenced by other factors such as family and social media. This study aims to determine how many roles out social media both on the social interaction of athletes. This research is quantitative research with the instrument used is a questionnaire. The population in this study was 70 National athletes from Riau Province. The analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative in the form of a percentage. The results revealed that the family has a good role with a value of 32.86%, while social media does not have enough roles with a percentage obtained of 40% and for both family and social media have a sufficient role of 34.29%. Social media and family have an adequate role for athletes in social interaction. This study has several limitations including the limited area and scope of research subjects.

EXPRESS: Remembered Together: Social interaction facilitates retrieval while reducing individuation of features within bound representations.

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110564
Author(s):  
Tim Vestner ◽  
Jonathan Flavell ◽  
Richard Cook ◽  
Steven Tipper
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Joint Attention ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Strategic Processing ◽  
Binding Process ◽  
Individual Features ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Objects

When encountering social scenes, there appears to be rapid and automatic detection of social interactions. Representations of interacting people appear to be bound together via a mechanism of joint attention, which results in enhanced memory, even when participants are unaware that memory is required. However, even though access is facilitated for socially bound representations, we predicted that the individual features of these representations are less efficiently encoded, and features can therefore migrate between the constituent interacting individuals. This was confirmed in Experiment 1, where overall memory for interacting compared to non-interacting dyads was facilitated but binding of features within an individual was weak, resulting in feature migration errors. Experiment 2 demonstrated the role of conscious strategic processing, where participants were aware that memory would be tested. With such awareness, attention can be focused on individual objects allowing the binding of features. The results support an account of two forms of processing: An initial automatic social binding process where interacting individuals are represented as one episode in memory facilitating access; and a further stage where attention can be focused on each individual enabling the binding of features within individual objects.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study Using Two Novel fMRI Tasks: Understanding Theory of Mind and Emotion Recognition Among Children With ASD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Han ◽  
Patricia A. Prelock ◽  
Emily L. Coderre ◽  
Joseph M. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Neuroimaging Data

AbstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) struggle with social interactions due to deficits in theory of mind (ToM). In this study, we collected behavioral and neuroimaging data from 9 children with ASD and 19 neurotypical children between the age of 7 and 14 years old, particularly in the area of emotion recognition to better understand those skills needed for meaningful social interaction. The results suggest impaired abilities in multiple ToM metrics and brain deficits associated with ToM-related emotion recognition and processing among children with ASD. Findings from this study are expected to establish connections between behavior and brain activities surrounding ToM in ASD, which may assist the development of neuroanatomical diagnostic criteria and provide a way to measure intervention outcomes.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN REALIZING SOCIAL INTERACTION BASED ON MULTICULTURALISM AMONG STUDENTS OF DIFFERENT RELIGIONS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Syamsul Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
School Environment ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Document Review

this research seeks to reveal the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI)in realizing multiculturalism-based social interactions in elementary schools.PAI is one lesson in the national curriculum that is taught at each educationalinstitution. Islamic Religious Education is very appropriate to be carried out torealize harmonious social interaction among students of different religions basedon multiculturalism. This research was conducted at Taman HarapanElementary School and Bina Budi Mulia Elementary School Malang City, aprivate school that has multi-ethnic and multi-religious students. The problemsraised in this study are how is the role of PAI in realizing multiculturalism-basedsocial interaction among students of different religions in elementary schools?The research method used is qualitative and the research approach isphenomenology. The Researcher collected data through observation, interviewsand document review. Interviews were conducted with school principals, PAIteachers and students. The research results showed that Taman HarapanElementary School and Bina Budi Mulia Elementary School strongly supportedthe harmonious interaction of students of different religions in the schools. TheConducive social interactions occur in two forms, namely interactions within theclassroom, and social interactions outside the classroom. The social interaction inthe classroom takes place by working together, learning together, discussing andhelping each other. While the interactions outside the school take place inextracurricular activities such as sports, religious holidays, arts performances,outbound, and friendship interactions in the school environment. Keywords: PAI, social interaction, Taman Harapan Elementary School, Bina BudiMulia Elementary School

Social Interactions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannis M. Ioannides
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Random Graph Theory ◽  
Individual Actions ◽  
Individual Decisions

This chapter discusses the theory and empirics of social interactions, with particular emphasis on the role of social context in individual decisions. It begins by introducing a sequence of models that highlight applications in different empirical social interaction settings, including a simple static model that is used to link social interactions theory with social networks theory, notably random graph theory. A dynamic model, where the social structure accommodates a variety of social interaction motives, is then described and solved as a dynamic system of evolving individual actions. The solution links social interactions theory with spatial econometrics. The chapter examines the econometrics of social interactions in social networks and social learning in urban settings before concluding with a review of the literature on social interactions in economics.

The origins of narrative

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Dautenhahn
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Developmental Continuity ◽  
Narrative Format

This article presents work in progress towards a better understanding of the origins of narrative. Assuming an evolutionary and developmental continuity of mental experiences, we propose a grounding of human narrative capacities in non-verbal narrative transactions in non-human animals, and in pre-verbal narrative transactions of human children. We discuss narrative intelligence in the context of the evolution of primate (social) intelligence, and with respect to the particular cognitive limits that constrain the development of human social networks and societies. We explain the Narrative Intelligence Hypothesis which suggests that the evolutionary origin of communicating in a narrative format co-evolved with increasingly complex social dynamics among our human ancestors. This article gives examples of social interactions in non-human primates and how these can be interpreted in terms of narrative formats. Due to the central role of narrative in human communication and social interaction, we discuss how research into the origins of narrative can impact the development of humane technology which is designed to meet the biological, cognitive and social needs of human story-tellers.

scholarly journals A movement monitoring system for assessing restricted rodents' movements during social interaction tests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shai Netser ◽  
Alexander Bizer ◽  
Shlomo Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Social Stimuli ◽  
Investigatory Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Movement Monitoring

Abstract Social interactions between rodents is commonly evaluated using setups that enable restricted interactions between two rodents. However, such interactions are most often evaluated only for the animal defined as subject, but not for the social stimuli, which are usually located in a specific compartment. In most cases, behavioral quantification is done using a single video camera that allows visualizing the subject, but not the stimuli. To assess stimuli behavior in such experiments, we constructed a movement-monitoring system, comprising an array of piezoelectric sensors located at the floor of a small triangular chamber to which the social stimulus is allocated. The system and quantification methodology described in the following protocol, together with a camera recorded simultaneously, enabled us to simultaneously evaluate the movements of one or two social stimuli and the subject's investigatory behavior correlated with it.

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