A Re-examination of the Establishment of the Mongolian People’s Party, Centring on Dogsom’s Memoir
AbstractD. Dogsom’s memoir which was published in Source Materials Related to the History of the Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party (Ulaanbaatar, 1928) should be considered the most comprehensive account of the establishment of the Mongolian People’s Party. This memoir records extremely important facts which were later deliberately excluded from the description of modern Mongolian history, such as the Mongolian nationalists’ approach to the White Russian regime and their religious and ritualistic observance. The comparison of three main source materials, that is, Dogsom’s memoir, Sorokovikov’s accounts and the 1934 edition of the history of the Mongolian revolution, reveals that the hitherto accepted theory of the establishment of the Mongolian People’s Party contains fundamental errors, including the date of the establishment of the party. Additionally ‘the myth of Sükhbaatar’ strongly influenced the 1934 edition of the history of the Mongolian revolution. This edition has been treated as the most reliable source material for the study of the 1921 revolution. It is difficult to agree with the accepted theory that on 25 June 1920 two groups gathered at Danzan’s, adopted the party’s manifesto and united into the Mongolian People’s Party. This paper is intended to show it is very improbable that the meeting and decision took place on 25 June. The meeting at Dogsom’s which was held in the second month of spring using the lunar calendar in 1920 should be regarded as the real turning point for the Mongolian revolutionaries in the development of the Mongolian People’s Party.