Race, Place, and the Bounds of Humanity1

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Elder ◽  
Jennifer Wolch ◽  
Jody Emel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Radical Democracy ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Cultural Critique ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
Evolutionary Progress ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThe idea of a human-animal divide as reflective of both differences in kind and in evolutionary progress, has retained its power to produce and maintain racial and other forms of cultural difference. During the colonial period, representations of similarity were used to link subaltern groups to animals and thereby racialize and dehumanize them. In the postcolonial present, however, animal practices of subdominant groups are typically used for this purpose. Using data on cultural conflicts surrounding animal practices collected from media sources, we show that such practices have become a key aspect of the human-animal boundary due to the radically changing time-space relations of postmodernity. Drawing on Spivak's notion of "wild practice, " we propose a radical democracy that includes animals as well as subaltern peoples, and argue for the rejection of dehumanization as a basis for cultural critique, given its role in perpetuating racialization and violence toward both human and non-human animals.

scholarly journals Cultural impact on traditional Sudanese human settlement patterns

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Elwaleed Abdelaziz Ali
Keyword(s):  
Major Element ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
New Era ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact

Sudan is a unique country which is located in the continent of Africa and inhabited by many diversified ethnic and cultural groups. This diversity of its population was an outcome of a process of migrations that took place since a long time ago in history, from different parts of Africa, Asia and other continents. The indigenous settlements of the different Sudanese population groups manifest different and distinct spatial as well as socio – cultural patterns. The colonial period in Sudan represents a new era in the transformation of different aspects of life in the country. The impact of the colonial policies in the indigenous Sudanese towns was remarkable. Human shelter and settlement are natural outcomes of the efforts of man in controlling nature and seeking refuge and safety for himself and his family against aggressions of other living creatures. They vary in size and form from one group of people to another and from time to time. Space which is a major element of the built environment is handled differently by different groups of people. This paper attempts to focus on the interaction between the socio – cultural aspects and the spatial ones of the designed space and their impact on each other; a theme which has always been neglected in the official housing and planning policies of this country.

The Origins of Senegalese Homophobia: Discourses on Homosexuals and Transgender People in Colonial and Postcolonial Senegal

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babacar M’Baye
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The West ◽  
Civilizing Mission ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

Abstract:This article traces the history of homosexual and transgender behavior in Senegal from colonial times to the contemporary period in order to demonstrate the flimsiness of the claims, made by many political and religious leaders and scholars, that homosexuality is “un-African.” Such claims, which appear as reactions to neocolonialism and Western intervention in African affairs, usually are homophobic discourses that invoke patriotism, cultural difference, and morality in order to justify the subjugation of homosexual and gender nonconforming individuals (goor-jiggens) living in Senegal. In an attempt to understand the roots of Senegalese homophobia, the article analyzes several depictions of homosexuals and transgender people in contemporary Senegal and traces them to similar representations in European writings of the colonial period. As this approach reveals, homosexuals and transgender people in Senegal, from colonial times to the present, have been constructed as scapegoats, first of the French mission civilisatrice (civilizing mission) and then of Senegalese political and Islamic backlashes. Although they have always cohabited with the rest of the society, homosexuals and transgender people in Senegal have been treated largely as strangers in their own land. By analyzing the discourses of both French colonials and Senegalese, one finds a persistent binary opposing the West and Africa and denigrating sexual and gender variances and subcultures in Senegal as pathological European imports.

Parrots and Starlings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher GoGwilt ◽  
Melanie D. Holm
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Postcolonial Studies ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Word Classification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Human Animal

This chapter introduces the sense in which “mocking birds” applies to a range of birds that mimic and introduces the different kinds of “technologies” (avian, human, interspecies, poetic, mechanic, etc.) variously addressed by the volume’s contributors. Taking the pairing of parrot and starling as paradigmatic across a range of different philological traditions, the introduction surveys some of the foundational theoretical and methodological problems for the human sciences presented by the topic of bird mimicry. The parrot, global sign of a long history of human-animal mimicry, appears everywhere across different linguistic and literary traditions, a familiar and exotic trope that is something of a touchstone for postcolonial studies. The starling adds to that familiar and exotic trope a complication of classification, cultural difference, and bio-diversity (including all the various mynah birds also called starlings). The foundational problems of bird and word classification posed by parrot and starling extend to the range of scientific, poetic, linguistic, and post-human issues discussed by the volume as a whole, whether addressing this bird, that bird, or even no bird at all.

Psychological Distance and Culture

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-45
Author(s):  
Michael Joseph Dominic Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Cultural Frameworks ◽  
Time Space

This chapter introduces psychological distance into cultural studies as an alternative way of conceptualizing individual differences. Unlike most cross-cultural frameworks that are at the group level, psychological distance provides an individual level conceptualization of distance. This conceptualization can complement the more group level and static frameworks that dominate management theory. The framework is rooted in knowledge theory. By developing the concepts of socially embedded tacit vs. explicit knowledge, the chapter demonstrates that explicit models of cultural difference, such as Hoftsede's Cultural Dimensions, do not capture the lived tacit experience of managers working in a cross-cultural setting. This chapter is conceptual, but the framework that is developed here emerged from fieldwork conducted by the author on returnee executives in Korea. Psychological distance consists of four dimensions: time, space, social relations, and probability. These dimensions relate to the level of mental construal between an individual and a foreign knowledge practice.

scholarly journals Human Animal Conflict in State of Maharashtra using Data Analytics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 808-820
Author(s):  
Arnav Gandhe
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Animal Conflict ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Advanced Computer

Maharashtra, a land rich in its biodiversity, well known for its wildlife. Maharashtra stands 3rd in terms of Human-Animal Conflict behind Uttarakhand and Karnataka. Human–Animal conflict refers to the interaction between wildlife and people leading to a resultant negative impact on people, their resources, wild animals and their habitat. The paper discusses a 2year study(1st Jan-2019 to 1st Jan 2021) carried out on human-animal interactions in Maharashtra -focusing on various factors involved under Human-animal conflict, and its current situations in the state. The Paper further focuses on use of advanced computer technologies, and techniques like Data Analytics & Statistical Analysis to study the actual current situation of Human-Animal Conflict in Maharashtra.

scholarly journals Desarticulación de la máquina antropológica en “Axolotl” de Julio Cortázar.

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-34
Author(s):  
Gerardo Cruz-Grunerth
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Julio Cortazar ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
Deleuze And Guattari ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Animal Question ◽  
Julio Cortázar

RESUMEN: La literatura de Julio Cortázar ha expresado en diversos momentos la cuestión animal, dando constancia de su habilidad para exponer la percepción del tiempo animal, su espacio, su campo visual, su umwelt, el medio del animal (vox Uexküll). En este artículo se analiza la obra “Axolotl” (1956), como pieza crucial de las preocupaciones de Cortázar en su búsqueda por confrontar la máquina antropológica, vista como la forma de negación de la animalidad humana y la subordinación de lo animal, según Giorgio Agamben. De ahí que la hipótesis de este artículo sostiene que “Axolotl”, más que expresar una confrontación humano-animal, incide en el devenir-animal (Deleuze y Guattari) como vía de acceso a una posibilidad ontológica. Con ello, el devenir animal conforma un dispositivo de oposición y desarticulación de la máquina antropológica, a través de líneas de fuga y desterritorializaciones; además, en el plano discursivo, esta ficción plantea la posibilidad para una zoo-autobiografía, una capacidad compartida para producir un discurso del yo, animal y humano, ambos como animales autobiográficos (Derrida).       ABSTRACT: Julio Cortázar's literature has expressed the animal question on many occasions, giving evidence of his ability to expose animals' perception of time, space, and visual field, the umwelt, the medium of the animal (vox Uexküll). This article analyzes the work “Axolotl” (1956), as a crucial piece of Cortázar's concerns in his search to confront the anthropological machine, seen it as the form of denial of human animality and the subordination of what is animal, according to Giorgio Agamben. Consequently, this article's hypothesis maintains that Axolotl, rather than expressing a human-animal confrontation, affects the becoming-animal as a way to access an ontological possibility. Thus, the becoming-animal (Deleuze and Guattari) forms a device of opposition and disarticulation of the anthropological machine through lines of flight and deterritorializations. Furthermore, on the discursive plane, this fiction raises the possibility for a zoo-autobiography, which implies a shared capacity to produce a self, animal and human, discourse, considering both as autobiographical animals (Derrida).

Captive and client labour and the economy of the Bida Emirate: 1857–1901

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mason
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Population Transfer ◽  
Colonial Economy ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Using Data

The purpose of this essay is to discuss a number of aspects relating to the client and captive labour force in the Bida emirate in the immediate pre-colonial period. Using data collected in surveys of 1611 captive and client villages in the 1930s, it has been possible to estimate the origins of a large part of this force and to establish the different periods of its recruitment. Comments are made regarding the role of this labour force in the pre-colonial economy of Nupe, on the position of slaves and clients in the society of the emirate, and on the effects of the extensive population transfer on the ethnic demography of Nupeland. It is hoped that this essay will contribute to the contemporary discussion regarding indigenous slavery in Africa, and will lead to an accelerated abandonment of simplistic notions concerning the nature of African economy and society in the late nineteenth century.

Critical Perspectives on Community Schools: Looking Across Cities to Gain Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 004208592095490
Author(s):  
Jessica T. Shiller
Keyword(s):  
School Leadership ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Community Schools ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Field School ◽  
Using Data ◽  
School Leadership Practices

As a field, school leadership has maintained a colorblind stance, marginalizing practitioners’ awareness of culturally sustaining practice, and erasing the experiences of Indigenous and other minoritized groups of students, teachers, and families. Looking to research and practice that attempts to embrace racial and cultural difference in order to make schools more culturally sustaining places to be is imperative in order for the field to respond to the growing diversity in schools. This article specifically explores culturally sustaining and Indigenous school leadership practices. Using data collected from interviews with ten school leaders in Aotearoa (New Zealand) as well as school documents, this article presents new insights into the implementation of culturally sustaining school leadership, which has implications for theory and practice in the field of educational leadership, which has been too long dominated by white ways of knowing.

Honoring the Treaty: School Leaders’ Embrace of Indigenous Concepts to Practice Culturally Sustaining Leadership in Aotearoa**Aotearoa is the Indigenous name for New Zealand.

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-603
Author(s):  
Jessica T. Shiller
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
School Leaders ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Field School ◽  
Using Data ◽  
School Leadership Practices

As a field, school leadership has maintained a colorblind stance, marginalizing practitioners’ awareness of culturally sustaining practice, and erasing the experiences of Indigenous and other minoritized groups of students, teachers, and families. Looking to research and practice that attempts to embrace racial and cultural difference in order to make schools more culturally sustaining places to be is imperative in order for the field to respond to the growing diversity in schools. This article specifically explores culturally sustaining and Indigenous school leadership practices. Using data collected from interviews with ten school leaders in Aotearoa (New Zealand) as well as school documents, this article presents new insights into the implementation of culturally sustaining school leadership, which has implications for theory and practice in the field of educational leadership, which has been too long dominated by white ways of knowing.

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