scholarly journals Brokers on the Ward

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 92-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahaduz Zaman ◽  
Sjaak van der Geest
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Local Character ◽  
The Social ◽  
Level Hospital

Abstract This paper is based on an ethnographic study conducted in a public hospital in Bangladesh. The study shows how the social dynamics necessary to deal with the structural realities of the hospital give this cosmopolitan institution a local character. In this paper, we describe this local character by focusing on the lower-level hospital staff, such as ward boys, cleaners, and gatemen. Social inequality and exclusion are rampant in Bangladeshi public hospitals. Doctors and nurses are unwilling to communicate with patients and their relatives, while the latter are unable to approach the former for specific help or information. Our research, shows how low-level support workers fill the void between the two “factions” and act as brokers transporting information and activities between these factions. By doing so they do not only make a crucial contribution to the functioning of the ward, but also gain considerable influence in spite of their low position.

scholarly journals School Choice Research and Politics with Pierre Bourdieu: New Possibilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ee-Seul Yoon
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Politics Of Education ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Choice Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Education Association

Various sociological perspectives have been applied to facilitate school choice research over the past two decades, as showcased in this 2020 Yearbook of Politics of Education Association. Among them, Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts and theories stand out as a catalyst for the field’s sociological development. My first objective in this article is, thus, to assess the contributions of Bourdieu’s sociological theory to school choice scholarship to date. I review the established and emerging research studies to highlight the significance of Bourdieu’s conceptual system in illuminating the social dynamics of school choice. My second objective in this article is to discuss how Bourdieu’s geographical concerns and concepts have been underutilized in the field. Ultimately, I argue that Bourdieu’s sociospatial concepts can unlock new areas of research and politics by elucidating why and how school choice functions as a mechanism that accentuates social inequality, which is reproduced geographically.

Supervisory board process: Evidence from French public hospitals

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhoine Laouer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Supervisory Boards ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

We mobilize theories of corporate governance and the theory of the social psychology of decision-making small groups to understand the operational process of the public hospital supervisory board. More precisely, we empirically test the mediation relationship of the decision-making process (effort norms, use of knowledge and skills, and conflict cognitive) between its structure (size, the composition, and diversity) and the performance of its roles (strategy, control, and service). A total of 320 questionnaires coming from members of the French public hospital supervisory board were collected. The aggregation of these individual answers generates a sample of 159 public hospital supervisory boards. The results of the tests of the assumptions of the research model confirm the fact that the structure of the supervisory board does not influence the performance of its roles. However, supervisory board effort norms positively affect the performance of its roles positively. Only effort norms and the use of knowledge and the skills partially play the role of mediator between the supervisory board structure and the performance of its roles. Practical and theoretical implications are exposed in the discussion.

Performance-based salary distribution ratio in clinical departments of public hospitals based on improved DEA method

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Rongjing Huang ◽  
Shuai Ding ◽  
Guofu Li ◽  
Shaohua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Hospital Management System ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Clinical Departments ◽  
Salary Distribution

Performance-based salary distribution is one of the important contents of modern hospital management system. In general, the distribution of performance salary in public hospitals of China can be divided into two stages: one is from hospitals to departments, the other is from departments to individuals. It is of great significance to improve the performance-based salary distribution system in clinical departments of public hospital, which is beneficial to ensure the public nature, motivate hospital staff to work hard, and raise public healthcare service quality. Therefore, this paper focuses on the issue of performance-based salary distribution in clinical departments of public hospital, adopts super-efficiency DEA model to evaluate the performance of each clinical department, introduces a new utility function for processing the original values of DEA efficient DMUs in order to encourage more clinical departments to pursue higher performance, and finally verifies the comprehensive model by empirical analysis. The result of empirical analysis shows that the performance of DMU7 is highest with an efficiency value of 1.53, followed by DMU3, DMU8, and DMU1. The efficiency value of DMU9 is lowest in all clinical departments.

scholarly journals Quality control circle: a tool for enhancing perceptions of patient safety culture among hospital staff in Chinese hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Meixia Liao ◽  
Yiping Zhou ◽  
Tingfang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Patient Safety Culture ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective To explore whether quality control circle (QCC) is associated with hospital staff’s perceptions of patient safety culture (PSC). Design A cross-sectional survey in 12 public hospitals from October to December 2018 and a longitudinal survey in one public hospital from November 2017 to November 2018. Setting In 12 public hospitals from six provinces located in eastern, central and western of China, and one public hospital in eastern China. Participants In total, 811 and 102 hospital staff participated in the cross-sectional survey and the longitudinal survey, respectively. These participants included doctors, nurses, medical technicians and administrative staff. Main Outcome Measures Hospital staff’s perceptions of PSC were measured by the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire. The association between QCC implementation and PSC was identified by univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed that the staff from hospitals that had implemented QCC received significantly higher HSOPSC scores than those from hospitals where QCC had not been implemented (3.73 ± 0.61 vs. 3.57 ± 0.41, P < 0.05). The QCC implementation was a significant predictor in the established multiple linear regression model. One year after QCC implementation, the hospital involved in the longitudinal survey scored higher in HSOPSC than before (3.75 ± 0.42 vs. 3.60 ± 0.36, P < 0.001). Conclusions QCC implementation was positively associated with PSC and the former could promote the establishment of the latter. It is suggested that QCC can play an active role in enhancing PSC so as to further improve patient safety management.

The social dynamics of devaluation in an aged care context

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Banks
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Aged Care ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Disability Support ◽  
Recognition Theory ◽  
Tsunami Scenarios ◽  
External Signals ◽  
Competent Self

This article examines the way that aged care workers and clients are devalued. It is argued that they share a stigmatised and marginalised position, not experiencing recognition at individual, rights or societal levels. The research draws on a qualitative, ethnographic study of aged care and disability support, with Honneth’s recognition theory used to analyse the intersection of practice and meaning in this work. The study reveals that workers’ and clients’ presentations of a competent self are compromised by external signals of mistrust and devaluing, forms of misrecognition. These include low wages and status for workers, public and policy discourses that position them and their clients as mendicant or undeserving, and demeaning treatment from organisations. In turn, those participants who lacked a sense of themselves as uniquely valuable, as deserving of rights, and as contributing to the shared project of society, displayed practices and perspectives that were disabling of themselves and one another. Their interactions were characterised by distrust, resistance and mutual disabling. Boomageddon and silver tsunami scenarios are part of the problem; such discourses of misrecognition must be contested.

scholarly journals Xenophobia and Class Conflicts Among Venezuelan Migrants: An Ethnographic Study in the City of Ibarra, Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jorge Mantilla
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Intergroup Dynamics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Shed Light

In recent years, the city of Ibarra, Ecuador has received nearly 10,000 migrants from Venezuela. In this municipality, the relations between locals and migrants are quite complex. In January 2019, a group of local residents physically assaulted several Venezuelan migrants (Case Diana). These acts had a xenophobic nature. Through ethnographic research, this article analyzes the social dynamics at this city in the months after these events. The research showed that, on the one hand, after these events migrants criticized homogenizing discourses, highlighting the group's own heterogeneity. On the other, migrants also strengthened cooperation networks based on belonging to Venezuelan nationality. The article is aimed to shed light on intergroup dynamics in intermediate cities in the context of the ever-growing Venezuelan migration in Latin America.

scholarly journals Genderproblematics inwestern class analysis: the dynamics oftheoretical approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
T. V. Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Initial Element ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

The article represents an analytical review of the axiomatics of sociological approaches to class analysis, taking into account gender diferentiation since the 1940s till nowadays. Te problems of primary units selection of the class analysis, conceptual grounds for determining the class position of women and the features of their social status, conditioned by this position, ways of normalizing gender inequality in conventional approaches and criticizing their legitimacy have been considered in the research. It has been found that within the framework of the structural and functional approach of T. Parsons, the class status of the individual is ascetic, the main mechanism for its acquisition and transmission is kinship, while gender inequality is regarded as condition for maintaining the stability of the social system. Te changing structure of employment and women’s emancipation has led to the revision of the conventional approach foundations by problem consideration of families as the primary units of class analysis. Subsequently, the dominant approach of J. Goldthorpe eliminates the gender inequality aspect, linking the class position of the household with the position of the partner who plays a leading role in its economic provision. E.O. Wright’s approach, representing an infuential neo-Marxist alternative model of class analysis, presupposes the existence of an individual actor as the initial element of class analysis. At the same time, the author emphasizes the existence of exploitation relations in the family, as well as the high degree of risk and uncertainty of the social status of a signifcant number of women. Awareness of the role of individualization in social dynamics, changes in the structure of the global economy and the consequences of de-industrialization in the 1990s changed the original axiomatics of class analysis. Te focus of attention has shifed from the disputes about the criteria of class diferentiation to the analysis of real diferences in people’s way of life, generated by social inequality. Modern studies of social inequality take into account the intersection of gender, class, racial and other characteristics of individuals and communities.

scholarly journals Organisational reform in healthcare in China: impacts on the social functions of public hospitals

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Shi ◽  
Michael O'Rourke ◽  
Jinfeng Liu ◽  
Dongbo Zhong ◽  
Xiuying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medical Market ◽  
Organisational Reform ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
Public Hospital Reform

Public hospital reform in China since the mid 1980s has had detrimental effects on hospitals' social functions,especially the provision of care for poor people. This study of hospitals in Northern China, using a range of economicmeasurements, indicated that there has been an overall decline in social functions since 1985, especially in secondaryand tertiary level hospitals. Reason for this include the increasingly competitive medical market in China and, underthe decentralisation reforms, the imperative for hospitals to generate revenue. We put forward policies to strengthenhospital social functions, including funding for essential packages of services to specifically benefit the poor andvulnerable, and increased government subsidies to support social functions in primary level hospitals where care canbe more easily accessed.

scholarly journals Motorcycle accidents: characteristics of victims admitted to public hospitals and circumstances

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Gustavo Ganem ◽  
Rita de Cássia Pereira Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Driving License ◽  
Motorcycle Accident ◽  
The Social ◽  
Motorcycle Accidents

Background: Motorcycle accidents are a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil, with high social and economic costs. Victims are mostly men, young and vulnerable. Objective: To characterize motorcycle accident victims and circumstances among patients admitted to a public hospital. Methods: We administered a questionnaire to 74 victims of motorcycle accidents in the period from January through July 2018 among patients admitted to a referral hospital for elective orthopedic surgery in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Results: Most victims were male (98.4%), up to 31 years old (49%), black or brown (84%) and had low educational level (54%). Motorcycling was the occupation of 50.8%. Drinking was less frequent among motorcyclists in the capital compared to the interior of the state (16 vs. 26%) and a larger proportion had a driving license (72 vs. 39%). Conclusion: Main victims of motorcycling accident victims were male, with low educational level, and without a driving license. Actions are needed to promote road safety, including educational programs to protect life and reduce the social and economic costs of accidents.

Review of The Social Dynamics of Self-Esteem: Theory to Therapy.

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1046-1046
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Social
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