Soil temperature and egg mass formation by Meloidogyne arenaria on oriental melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Nematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Deuk Park ◽  
Dong Geun Kim ◽  
Il Kweon Yeon
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Meloidogyne Arenaria ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Oriental Melon ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
Mass Formation

AbstractEgg masses of Meloidogyne arenaria race 2 were observed on the second planting of oriental melon by the time of its first harvest under glasshouse conditions in Korea. Time and degree-days above 5°C (DD5) for egg mass formation after April were about 24.5 days and 500 DD5. Higher mean soil temperature shortened the days required for egg mass formation. A threshold temperature for degree-days accumulation of 12.2°C was selected on the basis of lowest coefficient of variation among data sets of time to egg mass formation. We propose the use of DD12.2 for predicting the time to egg mass formation of M. arenaria under these glasshouse conditions.

Corrigendum - Growth of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) to the small tuber stage as related to soil temperature

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
PJM Sale
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Periodic Fluctuations ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship

In experiments in a phytotron with potato cv. Sebago and in the field with cvv. Sebago and Sequoia the times for planting to emergence, new tuber initiation and small tuber stage were measured in relation to temperature. Emergence was linearly related to mean temperature and relatively independent of diurnal or periodic fluctuations up to an optimum of 22–24°C, and up to this optimum could be considered as a degree-day requirement calculated from either soil temperature at tuber depth or air temperature. For both cultivars planted with just-visible sprouts this was about 450 degree-days reckoned above a +2° minimum. At temperatures above the optimum, emergence was actively inhibited, and the relationship no longer held when appreciable periods were spent above about 24°. Once emergence had occurred, new tuber initiation and growth to the small tuber stage tended to be promoted at low temperatures especially in cv. Sequoia; phytotron treatments where night temperature was higher than day had a particularly adverse effect. It appeared that field development was adversely affected if a rapid increase in soil temperature occurred during the period of emergence.

scholarly journals Prediction of adult western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) emergence

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
T. Středa ◽  
O. Vahala ◽  
H. Středová
Keyword(s):  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte

The sum of effective temperatures (SET) of adult western corn rootworm (WCR) occurrence was determined based on several criteria. The risk of WCR occurrence was mapped, and the areas of continuous reproduction of WCR in the Czech Republic were identified. The daily soil SET was observed until the initial adult WCR occurrence, and it ranged from 414 degree days (DD) when the lower threshold temperature (LTT) was 12.5°C at 0.02 m depth to 719 DD (LTT of 10°C at a depth of 0.05 m). The daily air SET ranged from 415 DD (LTT 12.5°C at a height of 2 m) to 726 DD (LTT of 10°C at a height of 0.05 m).  

scholarly journals Draft genome sequences of two oriental melons, Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ah-Young Shin ◽  
Namjin Koo ◽  
Seungill Kim ◽  
Young Mi Sim ◽  
Doil Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Oriental Melon ◽  
Horticultural Traits ◽  
Northeast Asian ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
Reference Genomes

Abstract Oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa) is one of the most important cultivated cucurbits, and is grown widely in Northeast Asian countries. With increasing interest in its biological properties and economic importance, oriental melon has become an attractive model crop for studying various horticultural traits. A previous genome sequence of the melon was constructed from a homozygous double-haploid line. Thus, individual reference genomes are required to perform functional studies and further breeding applications. Here, we report draft genome sequences of two oriental melons, Chang Bougi and SW3. The assembled 344 Mb genome of Chang Bougi was obtained with scaffold N50 1.0 Mb, and 36,235 genes were annotated. The 354 Mb genome of SW3 was assembled with scaffold N50 1.6 Mb, and has 38,173 genes. These newly constructed genomes will enable studies of fruit development, disease resistance, and breeding applications in the oriental melon.

scholarly journals Pathogenic and Genetic Variation in the Japanese Strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 804-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumio Namiki ◽  
Toshiki Shiomi ◽  
Kazufumi Nishi ◽  
Tsuruo Kayamura ◽  
Takashi Tsuge
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Oriental Melon ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Single Cluster

Pathogenic variation among 41 Japanese strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis was analyzed by pathogenicity tests with muskmelon, oriental melon, and oriental pickling melon cultivars. Based on pathogenicity to muskmelon cvs. Amus and Ohi and oriental melon cv. Ogon 9, 41 strains were divided into 3 groups that corresponded completely to Risser's races 0, 2, and 1,2y. To further characterize pathogenic variation within the forma specialis and races, strains were assayed for pathogenicity to 42 additional muskmelon, oriental melon, and oriental pickling melon cultivars. All strains of race 1,2y were pathogenic to all cultivars tested. Strains of race 0 were divided into six variants based on differences in pathogenicity to three muskmelon cultivars; strains of race 2 also were classified into six variants based on differences in pathogenicity to two muskmelon cultivars and one oriental melon cultivar. Genetic variation among strains was analyzed by DNA fingerprinting with four repetitive DNA sequences: FOLR1 to FOLR4. Thirty-six fingerprint types were detected among forty-one strains by pooling results of fingerprinting with four probes. Cluster analysis showed distinct genetic groups correlated with races: the fingerprint types detected in each of races 2 and 1,2y were grouped into a single cluster, and two distinct genetic groups were found in race 0. However, pathogenic variation detected within races 0 and 2 could not be differentiated based on the nuclear markers examined.

scholarly journals Soil organic carbon dynamics along a climatic gradient in a southern Appalachian spruce–fir forest

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1161-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Tewksbury ◽  
H. Van Miegroet
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Mean Residence Time ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Soil C

A field study was conducted in a high-elevation spruce–fir ( Picea rubens Sarg. – Abies fraseri (Pursh.) Poir) forest in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park to assess the effect of temperature on soil C storage and dynamics. In eight plots along an elevation gradient (1500–1900 m), we measured soil temperature, forest floor and mineral soil C, litter decomposition, soil respiration, and forest floor mean residence time. Mean annual soil temperature and annual degree-days above 5 °C were inversely correlated with elevation. Total soil C (166–241 Mg·ha–1) showed no trend with elevation, while forest floor C accumulation (16.3–35.9 Mg·ha–1) decreased significantly with elevation. Carbon dynamics did not follow a consistent elevation pattern; however, the cooler upper elevations showed the lowest C turnover as indicated by the lowest needle decomposition rate (k = 0.0231·year–1) and the longest mean residence time of forest floor C (22 years). Mean annual CO2efflux from the soil (1020–1830 kg C·ha–1·year–1) was negatively correlated with mean annual soil temperatures and annual degree-days above 5 °C. This gradient study offers useful insights into C release patterns under future warming scenarios, and suggests that the highest elevation may be most susceptible to global warming.

scholarly journals Resistance to the Peanut Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne arenaria) in Arachis hypogaea1

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Corley Holbrook ◽  
James P. Noe
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Meloidogyne Arenaria ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Fresh Root

Abstract The peanut root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1] causes significant economic losses throughout the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production area of the southern United States. Chemicals for control of this pest are becoming increasingly limited, and there are no known sources of resistance within the U. S. A. hypogaea collection. The objectives of this research were to screen 1,321 plant introductions for resistance or hypersusceptibility based on egg-mass ratings in greenhouse tests and to conduct more intensive greenhouse studies of selected genotypes to evaluate this method for identifying resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode. Twenty-seven genotypes with low and eight genotypes with high egg-mass ratings were selected and reevaluated in a more intensive greenhouse experiment. Seventeen of the low selections supported fewer (P≤0.05) egg masses, and seven supported less egg production per gram of fresh root weight than Florunner. Three selections for high egg-mass ratings supported more nematode eggs per plant than the cultivar Florunner and had a greater host efficiency. One of these genotypes supported more nematode eggs per gram of fresh root weight than Florunner. These results show that resistance to M. arenaria exists in the cultivated peanut species and can be selected by rating egg-mass production on greenhouse-grown plants.

scholarly journals MODELING CHILLING INFLUENCE ON CUMULATIVE FLOWERING OF RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 609e-609
Author(s):  
D.C. Bridges ◽  
D.S. NeSmith
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Independent Data ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Weibull Distribution Function ◽  
Fruit Species

A Weibull distribution function was used to develop a model for estimating cumulative flowering and the distribution of flowers of `Tifblue' rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) as a function of growing degree days (GDD) after chilling for chill hours ranging from 300 to 1200. Controlled chilling and flowering conditions were imposed on blueberry plants to obtain data for model development. Once developed the model was validated using independent data sets which were available in the literature. Given information concerning chilling and historical GDD, the model can be used to predict the onset of flowering, cumulative flowering, total number of flowers, and flower frequency at discrete intervals. It is expected that the techniques developed will be applicable to a range of fruit species in which chilling influences flowering habit.

scholarly journals Timing of Pistacia chinensis Bunge. Rooting Using Morphological Markers Associated with Calendar Date and Degree Days

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane E. Dunn ◽  
Janet C. Cole ◽  
Michael W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Morphological Markers ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Shade Tree ◽  
Calendar Date ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Secondary Roots

The objective of this study was to determine the most advantageous time to collect cuttings of Chinese pistache, a commonly recommended ornamental shade tree that is difficult to propagate by cuttings. In 1993, calendar date and degree days (daily mean temperature -7.2C) were used to estimate an appropriate cutting time. The greatest percentage of rooted cuttings occurred in male cuttings harvested on 13 May 1993 (397 degree days) and treated with 17,500 mg·liter-1 IBA or in male cuttings harvested on 20 May 1993 (482 degree days) and treated with either 8750 or 17,500 mg·liter-1 IBA. In 1994, cutting time was associated with calendar days, degree days, and morphology. The most rooted cuttings (44%) were from green softwood cuttings taken on 9 May 1994, which was 380 degree days from orange budbreak using a threshold temperature of 7.2C. Orange budbreak was characterized by separation of the outer bud scales such that the orange, pubescent inner bud scales were visible. Cuttings taken on 9 May 1994 and treated with 8750 mg·liter-1 IBA produced the most primary and secondary roots and the longest primary roots per cutting. Male Chinese pistache cuttings should be collected from green softwood or red semi-softwood stems when about 380 to 573 degree days have accumulated after orange budbreak. Chemical names used: indolebutyric acid (IBA).

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