Modern Embalming, Circulation of Fluids, and the Voyage through the Human Arterial System: Carl L. Barnes and the Culture of Immortality in America

Nuncius ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-131
Author(s):  
Irina Podgorny
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Experimental Medicine ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Dead Bodies

AbstractBy considering the work of American embalmer, lawyer, and physician Carl Lewis Barnes (1872-1927), this paper analyzes the emergence of modern embalming in America. Barnes experimented with and exhibited the techniques by which embalming fluids travelled into the most remote cavities of the human body. In this sense, modern embalmers based their skills and methods on experimental medicine, turning the anatomy of blood vessels, physiology of circulation, and composition of blood into a circuit that allowed embalming fluids to move throughout the corpse. Embalmers in the late 19th century took ownership of the laws of hydrodynamics and the physiology of blood circulation to market their fluids and equipment, thus playing the role of physiologists of death, performing and demonstrating physiological experiments with dead bodies.

scholarly journals Mother Behavior to Their Daughters As Seen in ''Pride and Prejudice" and "Little Women"

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-625
Author(s):  
Fitri Arniati ◽  
Muhammad Darwis ◽  
Nurhayati Rahman ◽  
Fathu Rahman
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pride And Prejudice ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Little Women ◽  
Women's Role ◽  
The Right

This research is to study about the mother behavior to their daughters as seen in "Pride and Prejudice" and "Little Women". The mother behavior to their daughters show the different way of women as a mother in bringing up their children according to their social and condition at the time. The data were taken from two novels entitled "pride and prejudice" and "little women" is the topic of the study. The  women held in the early 19th century and the late 19th century was described as one that belonged in the home as a wife and mother, and that should marry a man who can support their family. Also throughout the novel women's role in society was described as one that is to be accomplished in household  chore and those of entertainment, such as singing  and playing music. The role of women in society was a major theme throughout the novel "Pride and Prejudice" and "Little Women" The method used in this research  is a study of comparative literature to analyze mother behavior especially for Mrs. Bennet, Lady Catherine de Bourgh, These women have similarities and different behavior in find the right mate for their daughters. This study shows that every woman has characteristics in caring for their children and paying attention to the survival of their children.

scholarly journals Swiss Alpine Milk, Education, and the Fabrication of the Ideal Swiss Citizen

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Drinking Milk ◽  
Swiss Citizen ◽  
The Ideal

Since the 18th century, the Swiss Alps and Swiss alpine life have been idealized,giving rise to the Swiss Alpine myth. In the late 19th century – as a part of theso-called agrarian revolution – dairy farming was transformed into the mainsector of Swiss agriculture. Unlike in other countries, in Switzerland milk becameavailable to all social classes and was advertised as the Swiss national drink.Because milk was associated with the idyllic notion of healthy cows grazing onlush mountain pastures, dairy products eventually became an integral part of theAlpine myth. As a result, relatively banal activities such as drinking milk or eatingcheese were subsumed into the Swiss identity. In this paper, the role of primaryschool education in this phenomenon is explored and the significance of schoolingin the conceptualization of the ideal Swiss citizen as a milk drinker is analyzed.Key words: national identity; nutrition; primary school; Switzerland; temperancemovement.

El rol de la inmigración alemana en el proceso de formación de la nación chilena

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
Gerardo Ojeda Ebert
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Military Organization ◽  
German Immigrants ◽  
Abstract Description ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Great Complexity

The article describes the role of German immigrants in the formation of the Chilean nation in the 19th Century. The processes and problems related to Chile's emergence are of great complexity. The role of German immigrants was also very complex and important. According to Ebert they had great influence on economic, socio-political and military organization, and as well as on shaping of democratic institutions of the state. The presence of Germans in the late 19th Century also facilitated international relations, as it resulted in improved relations with the newly united Germany, which had official policies supporting foreign based Germans. English abstract/description written by Michał Gilewski

Stories and Structures

Paper Trails ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 36-52
Author(s):  
Cameron Blevins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
The Us ◽  
Postal Network ◽  
The 19Th Century

Chapter 2 follows the story of four siblings as they migrated westward and the role of the US Post in their lives. From the time they were orphaned as children in Ohio, the postal network connected Sarah, Jamie, Delia, and Benjamin Curtis across space. The Curtis siblings joined a migratory wave of people that washed across the western United States during the late 19th century. No matter where they moved, from a railway line on the central plains to a mill town in northern California to a backcountry ranch in Arizona, they could rely on the US Post’s expansive infrastructure to communicate with each other. Across dozens of surviving letters, the US Post’s structural power comes into focus, giving meaning to how its institutional arrangements and wider geography shaped everyday experiences and conditions in the 19th-century West.

First clinical use of stereotaxy in humans: the key role of x-ray localization discovered by Gaston Contremoulins

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 932-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Bourdillon ◽  
Caroline Apra ◽  
Marc Lévêque
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Intracranial Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time

Although attempts to develop stereotactic approaches to intracranial surgery started in the late 19th century with Dittmar, Zernov, and more famously, Horsley and Clarke, widespread use of the technique for human brain surgery started in the second part of the 20th century. Remarkably, a significant similar surgical procedure had already been performed in the late 19th century by Gaston Contremoulins in France and has remained unknown. Contremoulins used the principles of modern stereotaxy in association with radiography for the first time, allowing the successful removal of intracranial bullets in 2 patients. This surgical premiere, greatly acknowledged in the popular French newspaper L’Illustration in 1897, received little scientific or governmental interest at the time, as it emanated from a young self-taught scientist without official medical education. This surgical innovation was only made possible financially by popular crowdfunding and, despite widespread military use during World War I, with 37,780 patients having benefited from this technique for intra- or extracranial foreign bodies, it never attracted academic or neurosurgical consideration. The authors of this paper describe the historical context of stereotactic developments and the personal history of Contremoulins, who worked in the department of experimental physiology of the French Academy of Sciences led by Étienne-Jules Marey in Paris, and later devoted himself to radiography and radioprotection. The authors also give precise information about his original stereotactic tool “the bullet finder” (“le chercheur de projectiles”) and its key concepts.

scholarly journals When the Magic of Numbers Does Not Work...: A Review of B. N. Mironov, Upravlenie etnicheskim mnogoobraziem Rossiyskoy imperii [Managing the Ethnic Diversity of the Russian Empire

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (48) ◽  
pp. 213-226
Author(s):  
Yakov Lazarev ◽  
Marina Nakishova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
National Narrative ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Relationship

The reviewed book of the famous Russian historian B. N. Mironov focuses on the problems of ethno-confessional policy in Russia of the 18th to early 20th centuries. The primary aim of the monograph is to analyze the influence and role of geographical factors on the history of Russia as a whole, as well as to reconstruct and evaluate the principles and methods of ethno-confessional policy aimed at the inclusion and integration of ethnic diversity in the general imperial space. The review highlights the issue of the impossibility of reconstructing the Russian policy on ethnic diversity through the prism of statistics of the late 19th century, and the relationship between the abstract “state” and abstract “local elites”. The example of the policy towards Ukrainian territories shows the controversial conceptual constructions of Mironov, which reproduced the discussion provisions of the Ukrainian national narrative.

scholarly journals The Omahu Affair, the Law of Succession and the Native Land Court

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Richard Boast
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Privy Council ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Council Decision ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law Of Succession

This article discusses the Omahu affair, a prominent legal drama that took place in the late 19th century involving prominent Māori leaders from the Hawke’s Bay region. The case was the subject of numerous Native Land Court hearings, decisions of the ordinary courts, and ultimately a Privy Council decision in London. This article considers how tensions within the Māori community could drive cases in the Native Land Court, and explores the interconnections between that Court and the ordinary courts. It seeks to promote a more sophisticated view of the Court's role, particularly in the context of inter-Māori disputes, as well as of the complexities of legal and political affairs in 19th century New Zealand. The article also raises some questions relating to the role of elites in the Māori community, and the interconnections between Māori and European elites in 19th century New Zealand.

Nineteenth-Century Arabic Writings On Women And Society: The Interim Role Of The Masonic Press In Cairo — (Al-Lata'if, 1885–1895)

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron D. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
General Terms

This article, which draws largely from Arabica press sources from 1885 to 1900, seeks to sharpen our view of social attitudes reflected in the activities of local Freemasons in Egypt and Syria during the last decades of the Ottoman Empite. A number of earlier historians have attached considerable importance to pre- and post-1908 masonic orders and Ottoman politics. Too few, however, have tried to analyze ways in which essential social themes, some widely recognized as having importance across international and intercultural lines, were viewed through the perspective of late 19th-century Freemasonry. A first task in this introduction, therefore, will be to see how Masons in Europe and the Middle East viewed, or were presumed to view, a number of such social themes in general terms. We will then turn to one specific issue which clearly assumed more than passing importance as a propagandistic cause pursued by a small but influential group of Masons in Syria and Egypt over nearly two decades' time. We may tentatively suggest that the purpose of such endeavors was to encourage majority acceptance of the relevance and value of a cause espoused for the body politic as a whole, without necessary reference to its original, here clearly minority, proponents.

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