Resource Endowment, Rural Governance, and the Development of the “New Agriculture” in China

Rural China ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-68
Author(s):  
Yaoyao Cheng (程瑶瑶) ◽  
Peikun Han (韩沛锟)
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Rural Labor ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Rural Governance ◽  
The Village

Abstract China’s “new agriculture,” characterized by a “capital-labor dual intensifying” pattern of production, is an effective way of linking small peasants with modern agriculture. Based on a field survey of several neighboring villages in Nijingzhen, Hebei, this article describes and compares each village’s level of agricultural development, and how the new agriculture differs within them. The analysis reveals that both soil texture and land layout affect the ability of villages to adopt new agricultural technologies that characterize the new agriculture. The current land layout is determined by the land division rules that are collectively made by villagers under village self-governance and deeply influenced by the effectiveness of rural governance. “Capable rural people,” family surname and clan structures, and the structure of peasant households, in addition to the choice to remain in the villages, interact with each other and affect the effectiveness of village governing authorities. In turn, the development of the new agriculture impacts the inflow and outflow of the rural labor force, and whether villagers remain in the village, which in turn affects rural governance and social stratification.

Resource Endowment, Rural Governance, and the “New Agriculture” in China

Modern China ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 009770042097660
Author(s):  
Yaoyao Cheng ◽  
Peikun Han
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Rural Labor ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Rural Governance ◽  
The Village

China’s “new agriculture,” characterized by a “capital-labor dual intensifying” pattern of production, is an effective way of linking small peasants with modern agriculture. Based on a field survey of several neighboring villages in Nijingzhen, Hebei, this article describes and compares each village’s level of agricultural development, and how the new agriculture differs within them. The analysis reveals that both soil texture and land layout affect the ability of villages to adopt new agricultural technologies that characterize the new agriculture. The current land layout is determined by the land division rules that are collectively made by villagers under village self-governance and deeply influenced by the effectiveness of rural governance. “Capable rural people,” family surname and clan structures, and the structure of peasant households, in addition to the choice to remain in the villages, interact with each other and affect the effectiveness of village governing authorities. In turn, the development of the new agriculture impacts the inflow and outflow of the rural labor force, and whether villagers remain in the village, which in turn affects rural governance and social stratification.

scholarly journals Maturity Level of Rural Leaders in Selected Paddy Farming Technologies in Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA) -Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Wisam Yako Aziz Masso ◽  
Norsida Man
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Maturity Level ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Agriculture Development

<p>To provide good leadership it is necessary for individuals and groups to help bring a rural community to action. As the rural leaders play a function in important programs in agricultural extension. However, The study was conducted to determine the maturity of rural leaders based on maturity model theory towards agricultural technologies In Malaysia Paddy Farming, and explore the relationship between the selected characteristics of the respondents. Data were collected through personal interview from 260 randomly selected in muda agriculture development authority MADA area. A five point Likert scale was used to determine the maturity of rural leaders ranged from 1 = never to 5= always.The majority (63.1%) of the respondents had a moderate level of maturity. The correlation analysis between socio-demographic characteristics and maturity level show that there is a positive and significant relationship between variables age and years of experience in paddy farming, at 0.05 level of significance.</p>

scholarly journals Poverty alleviation research in rural China: Three decades and counting

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Luo
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Safety Nets ◽  
Rural Governance ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Social Safety Nets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Poverty alleviation is a hallmark of post-revolution Chinese policymaking. Since 1978, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has implemented successive waves of poverty alleviation policies whose effects have become the focus of an ever-increasing body of academic literature. This paper reviews this diverse but limited literature that evaluates the impact of the CPC’s poverty reduction programs through four major channels, namely fiscal investment programs, social safety nets, rural governance on the village-, county- and provincial level, and the relocation of rural populations from destitute regions. This paper aims to synthesize results and evaluate whether and how the abovementioned poverty alleviation programs have had distinct positive or negative impacts on regional development outcomes. Furthermore, I highlight contradictions in empirical findings to motivate the discussion about contextual importance when designing and implementing future poverty alleviation programs. Finally, I suggest that an exhaustive and critical appraisal of the empirical strategies used in this literature would further the development and application of more accurate and informative methodologies.

scholarly journals Technological Thoughts on Scientific and Technological Innovation Promoting Rural Rejuvenation

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 02035
Author(s):  
Yaping Mao
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Rural Agriculture ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Continuous Progress ◽  
The Village

Scientific and technological innovation is the key to rural revitalization and development. As the most important industry of rural agriculture, technology supports the development and construction of agriculture. To strengthen the development of rural agriculture, technological innovation must be carried out so as to promote the continuous progress of agriculture, and ultimately lead the village to the road to prosperity. This article analyzes the strategy of scientific and technological innovation to promote rural revitalization, and proposes key strategies as a reference to help rural agriculture achieve development and progress and lead rural people to a well-off life.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE REFORMED HOUSE MANAGEMENT IN THE WORKS OF A.N. ENGELGARDT AS A TOOL FOR SOLUTIONS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Lilia Sargu ◽  
Yulia Valeeva
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

Within the framework of the article, a study was conducted on the problem of the socio-economic life of the post-reform landowner economy in the works of A. N. Engelhardt. It was established how much the population is aware of the specifics of the historical development of post-reform Russia, what is the significance of the contribution of A. N. Engelhardt to the development of the village, in particular, the landlord economy, how strong, in the opinion of local residents, is the role of the memorial source «Letters from the Village» in modern agronomy how they see the concept of «mining» in modern realities, is their definition similar to the definition of the second half of the 19th century. Within the framework of the article, a study was conducted on the problem of socio-economic life of the post-reform landlord economy in the works of A. N. Engelhardt. It was established how much the population is aware of the specifics of the historical development of post-reform Russia, what is the significance of AN’s contribution. Engelhardt in the development of the village, in particular, the landlord economy, as, according to local residents, a strong role of the source memoir «Letters from village» in modern agriculture, as they see the concept of «practicing» in the current situation, is similar whether their definition with the definition of second half of the XIX century.

scholarly journals Geo-tourism Potential of Sand Bars and Oxbow lake at Buluh Cina, Kampar – Riau, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Yuniarti Yuskar
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Oxbow Lake ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Natural Levee ◽  
Sand Bars ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
The Village

Buluh Cina Village is located at Siak Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province and its about 25 km from Pekanbaru City. This Village is designated as Tourism Village by The Government of Riau Province. This research aims to optimize the potential Geo-tourism by understanding the strengths and weaknesses aspect which is owned by Buluh China Village. So it can increase the number of tourists who visit Buluh Cina Village. The method used is the field survey and literature review. The village is surrounded by a tropical rain forest with an area of over 100 hectares and it divided by the Kampar Kanan River. Fluvial Meandering System of this river form the main channel (river), sandbars, natural levee, floodplain and oxbow lake. Geo-tourism potential that can be developed are sand bars and oxbow lake. Buluh China Village has had a tourist attraction, but there are still some weaknesses, such as floods in the rainy season and some support facilities are not optimal.

Archaeological Implications of Social Stratification at the Etowah Site, Georgia

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis H. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Resident Population ◽  
The Village

AbstractThe excavation of Mound C, at the Etowah site, near Cartersville, Georgia, revealed a series of burials which suggests social stratification within the resident population. The differences between burials in the mound and those within the village cemeteries is to be seen not only in the more elaborate goods which accompany the mound burials, but also in the fact that the mound burials are accompanied by goods made of exotic and rare materials. The duplication of certain kinds of materials with individuals who represent different age groups suggests that the costume and paraphernalia is symbolic of an office and does not reflect individual taste in ornamentation.

Hierarchies of Access in Schooling: An Exploration of Parental School Choice in Haryana

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlesh Narwana
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Sharp Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Parental Schooling ◽  
The Village

The parental schooling choice in India has tilted in favour of private schools in a big way and preference for English medium has been highlighted as the main driving force behind this trend. This article analyses the school choice where both private as well as government schools offer education in English and Hindi medium. Based on the primary field survey and secondary data analysis, the article argues that the introduction of English medium in government schools has impacted the village school market significantly as it has led to the closure of three out of four private schools. However, we found that the availability of English medium school is not the sole determinant of school choice. A sharp difference in the profile of students enrolled in the government-run Hindi and English medium schools suggest that caste, gender and economic status also play a significant role in school choice.

scholarly journals Stratifikasi sosial pada masa prasejarah di Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
I Wayan Ardika ◽  
I Ketut Setiawan ◽  
I Wayan Srijaya ◽  
Rochtri Agung Bawono
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gold Foil ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Mortuary Practices ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Material Objects

Mortuary practices might have represented social stra­tification during the prehistoric period in Bali. Disposal treatment of the decease, burial goods, and containers that were utilized for burials may correspond with social identity and social persona of the deads and their family. This article will explore social stratification on the basis of burial systems and burial goods that were utilized during the prehistoric period in Bali. Field survey and study on documents have also been done for data collection. In addation, Postprocessual theory has been applied in this study. It seems that global contacts and access for exotic goods might have stimulated the ranked or social stratification during prehistoric period in Bali. Metal objects, which raw materials are absence in Bali, including stone and glass beads, gold foil eye covers that were utilized as burial goods might have represent a status symbol during prehstoric period in Bali. Local elits in Bali utilized material objects as well as burial systems as a symbol for social differentiation and hierarchies in the soceity. Ranked society occurred prior to the apperance of Early State in Bali.

Farmers' attitudes towards sustainable agriculture issues and environmental quality in a selected area of Bangladesh

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Rahman ◽  
H. Mikuni
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe sustainability issues associated with agricultural development are a growing concern worldwide. This study focussed on farmers' attitudes about environmental degradation and long term productivity loss that may result from implementation of modern agricultural technologies. The study was conducted in a selected area of Bangladesh and field level data were collected from the sampled farmers through personal interviewing. Findings revealed that more than two-thirds of the farmers confronted either a medium or high level of environmental problems due to intensive cultivation. Their main concerns were stress on soil fertility, loss of essential aquatic life, and reduction of earthworms and other beneficial organisms in soil. The farmers' recommended solutions were production of high yielding crop varieties with conservation management practices, and the balanced use of chemical fertilizers and organic manures. To apply these techniques, the top expectation of the farmers was to receive subsidies for agricultural inputs, and get easy-term credit from the government or non-government organizations. Interestingly, just half the farmers in the study area possessed a less than favorable attitude towards sustainability issues of agricultural development. In other words, to them these issues were of low or marginal priority. Only 6% of them expressed a highly favorable attitude (high priority) and 44% expressed a moderate attitude. Based on correlations, the individual farmer's age, education, family size, organizational participation, television exposure, communication behavior and environmental problem confrontation were identified as the main determinants of their attitudes about sustainability issues. Hence, these factors should be considered when formulating programs and policies for agriculture development that aim for long-term sustainability.

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