Berberis × baoxingensis (Berberidaceae), a new putative hybrid from western Sichuan, China

Berberis ×baoxingensis is described from Baoxing county, Sichuan Province, China, photographs are provided to thoroughly demonstrate its morphological characteristics. This new species is characterized by bicolored flowers, solitary to 3-fascicled, and the dense raised columnar lenticels revealed by SEM observation on the periderm of branches. B. ×baoxingensis displays close affinities with two sympatric congeners, it resembles B. sanguinea in the bicolored flowers, but differs obviously in the brownish yellow, subterete verruculose branches or twigs. B. ×baoxingensis shares the similarity of branch features with B. verruculosa, but the latter differs in fragrant yellow flowers, pruinose berries, and the leaves pruinose on the abaxial surface. Field population sampling and statistic analysis are applied to further clarify the morphological differences among the three congeners. Because B. ×baoxingensis exhibits remarkable intermediate features in a set of key taxonomic characters between B. sanguinea and B. verruculosa, its speciation was possibly derived from the natural hybridization between the two sympatric congeneric species.

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Differences in microhabitat and morphology of two sympatric congeneric species Palaquium maliliensis and Palaquium obovatum in the education forest of Hasanuddin University

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/886/1/012043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 886 (1) ◽

pp. 012043

Author(s):

M A Palgunadi ◽

N P Oka ◽

A Achmad

Keyword(s):

Measurement Data ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Sympatric Speciation ◽

Tree Level ◽

Genetic Isolation ◽

Congeneric Species ◽

Geographic Isolation ◽

Morphological Measurement ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Difference Test

Abstract Two species of Palaquium (P. maliliensis and P. obovatum) were found coexist in same habitat in the educational forest of Hasanuddin University (Unhas). Two or more species are living in a habitat could be formed from similar parent through genetic isolation process without geographic isolation and was classified as sympatric congeneric species. So far, sympatric congeneric species is still controversial among researchers. Based on this case, the purpose of this study was to determine the microhabitat and morphological differences between the two species. The methods of the study were conducted by purposively selecting 21 samples of P. maliliensis and 20 samples of P. obovatum at the tree level. In each samples found, the microhabitat characteristics (topographic position and slope) and morphological characteristics (leaf, buttress root, and morphological in general) were observed. Morphological measurement data were analyzed with correlation test for intra-species variable and real difference test for inter-species variable. This study concluded that the slope was one of the major microhabitat factors that has driven the process of sympatric speciation between P. maliliensis and P. obovatum. In morphological characteristics, differences between P. maliliensis and P. obovatum appeared in the form of leaves.

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Four new species of monoraphid diatoms from Western Sichuan Plateau in China

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.479.3.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 479 (3) ◽

pp. 257-274

Author(s):

Q.M. YOU ◽

K. ZHAO ◽

Y.L. WANG ◽

P. YU ◽

J.P. KOCIOLEK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

New Species ◽

Central Area ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Similar Species ◽

Small Species ◽

Western Sichuan ◽

The Relationship ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Apical Axis

Four new monoraphid diatoms are examined and described from a high-altitude (> 3000 m) region of western Sichuan, China. The descriptions are based on light and scanning electron microscopy observations, and the four new species are compared with similar taxa worldwide. Achnanthidium sichuanense sp. nov. has small, lanceolate-elliptical valves, with rounded apices. The outline and central area differentiate it from similar species. The unique characteristic of Eucocconeis undulatum sp. nov. is that it has valves that are undulate along the apical axis, forming an “H”-shaped area on both raphe and rapheless valves as seen in light microscope (LM). Platessa mugecuonesis sp. nov. and Platessa lanceolata sp. nov. are two small species, whose valve outlines and central areas make them different from other species in this genus. A. sichuanense sp. nov. and E. undulatum sp. nov. are discussed in terms of the relationship between “Achnanthidium & Psammothidium” and “Eucocconeis & Psammothidium”, as these genera are difficult to separate according to morphological characteristics.

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Ficophagus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from sycones of Ficus subgenus Urostigma, sections Malvanthera and Urostigma, in eastern Australia

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003327 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 627-653

Author(s):

Kerrie A. Davies ◽

Faerlie Bartholomaeus ◽

Dong Mei Li ◽

Zeng Qi Zhao ◽

Weimin Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New South ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Tail Length ◽

Female Tail ◽

South Wales ◽

Eastern Australia ◽

Two New Species ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Tail Tip ◽

Molecular Sequencing

Summary Ficophagus from collecting trips in eastern Australia, made over 15 years, are summarised and show that species of the genus occurred widely in sycones of Ficus, subgenus Urostigma, section Malvanthera. Two new species (based on morphological differences and molecular sequencing) are described: Ficophagus elizabethae sp. n. from Ficus macrophylla, F. rubiginosa and F. obliqua, and Ficophagus richardi sp. n. from Ficus obliqua; and a morphospecies, Ficophagus Morphospecies malandicus from Ficus obliqua. Ficophagus elizabethae sp. n. is characterised by having the excretory pore (EP) opening from the level of the junction of the conus and shaft of the stylet to that of the knobs, a relatively long procorpus (1.0-2.5 times length of stylet), female tail with an obliquely truncate tail with a hyaline area and a finely to broadly rounded tip which may be mucronate; post-vulval uterine sac (PUS) ca one vulval body diam. (VBD) in length; rose-thorn-shaped spicule with distinct rostrum and prominent condylus; and genital papillae arranged as largest pair adcloacal, second pair posterior to mid-tail length, and third small pair near tail tip; and was collected from Sydney in New South Wales, to Bundaberg in Queensland (QLD). Ficophagus richardi sp. n. is characterised by having the EP opening at the level of the junction of the stylet shaft and conus, a labial cap which is raised around the opening for the stylet; procorpus 0.8-1.7 times length of the stylet, PUS <1 VBD in length, long uterus, and female tail with a V-shaped hyaline area at the bluntly rounded tip; rose-thorn-shaped spicule with a small rostrum and prominent condylus, three pairs genital papillae, first and largest on anterior cloacal lip, second at 70% of tail length measured from cloacal aperture, and third near tip, and was collected from Ban Ban Springs in the south to the Bundaberg region in the mid-north of QLD. In addition, in the absence of pertinent molecular sequences, a morphospecies is described. Ficophagus Morphospecies malandicus is characterised by having the EP opening anterior to the junction of the stylet conus and shaft, procorpus 0.9-2 times length of stylet, a short PUS usually <1 VBD long, short uterus, rose-thorn-shaped spicule with a raised condylus and prominent rostrum, and three pairs of subventral papillae on the tail (one adcloacal, one posterior to mid-tail and one near tail tip); and was collected from the Atherton Tableland, QLD. A table comparing morphological characteristics is provided to help with identification of Ficophagus nematodes from figs of the section Malvanthera in eastern Australia.

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Confirmation of Aedes koreicus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Belgium and description of morphological differences between Korean and Belgian specimens validated by molecular identification

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3191.1.2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3191 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

VEERLE VERSTEIRT ◽

JAMES E. PECOR ◽

DINA M. FONSECA ◽

MARC COOSEMANS ◽

WIM VAN BORTEL

Keyword(s):

Korean Peninsula ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Rapid Identification ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Island Population ◽

Morphological Comparison ◽

Aedes Koreicus ◽

Island Populations ◽

Molecular Comparison ◽

Morphological Differences

In 2008, specimens resembling Aedes (Finlaya) koreicus (Edwards) (also Ochlerotatus koreicus or Hulecoeteomyia kore-ica) were found in Belgium during a national mosquito survey (MODIRISK). Small but consistent differences were, how-ever, observed between the specimens described from Peninsula Korea and those found in Belgian. To achieve the correctidentification a detailed morphological comparison was made between the Belgian specimens and reference material fromKorean mainland and island populations housed at the Smithsonian Institution (Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit (WR-BU), Washington, USA). The identification was furthermore supported by molecular evidence based on the ND4 region(mtDNA) of available Korean and Belgian mosquito specimens. Morphological and molecular comparison confirmed theinitial identification of Aedes koreicus. Based on morphological characteristics, the species collected in Belgium mostlikely originated from Jeju-do, an island south of the Korean Peninsula. The observed dissimilarities between Korean andBelgian specimens resembled a number of morphological differences mentioned previously between female adults col-lected on the Korean Peninsula and Jeju-do. This is the first report of Aedes koreicus outside its natural distribution range.A correct and rapid identification of new invading and spreading vector species is crucial for the implementation of effec-tive control measurements. Hence a correct and easy accessible description of all possible variations of species arrivingin new areas is highly recommended. Therefore, a comparative morphological study on the Smithsonian material of thespecies from Korean mainland, island population and from Belgium is given, pictures of the main aberrant characteristicsand scanning electron microscope images of all stages of the species are included and molecular confirmation of the identification based on the mtDNA ND4 region is provided.

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Origin, extinction and ancient DNA of a new fossil insular viper: molecular clues of overseas immigration

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society ◽

10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa094 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Enric Torres-Roig ◽

Kieren J Mitchell ◽

Josep Antoni Alcover ◽

Fernando Martínez-Freiría ◽

Salvador Bailón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Western Mediterranean ◽

Balearic Islands ◽

Mediterranean Islands ◽

North East ◽

Iberian Population ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

A New Species ◽

Insular Population

Abstract Viperinae is a subfamily of viperid snakes whose fossil record in the Mediterranean islands is, until now, restricted to 12 palaeontological deposits on seven islands. Revision of the material excavated 30 years ago from the Middle/Late Pleistocene–Holocene deposit of Es Pouàs [Eivissa (= Ibiza), Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean] revealed about 6000 bones of a small-sized viper across different stratigraphic levels. Its morphological characteristics are different enough to known species of Vipera to warrant the description of a new species, but the nearly complete mitochondrial genome obtained from this snake based on a sample dated to 16 130 ± 45 bp, suggested it belonged to a new insular population of Lataste’s viper (Vipera latastei), Vipera latastei ebusitana subsp. nov. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the dispersal of the ancestors of V. l. ebusitana to Eivissa, most probably from a north-east Iberian population, occurred via overwater colonization < 1.5 Mya, well after the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.97–5.32 Mya) when land bridges allowed terrestrial colonization of the Balearic Islands by mainland faunas. The morphological differences between V. l. ebusitana and the Iberian populations suggest that it is a new dwarf taxon resulting from insular evolutionary processes, becoming extinct shortly after the first human arrival to this island about 4000 years ago.

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Eucheumatopsis sanibelensis sp. nov. from the Gulf coast of Florida, USA

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 440 (3) ◽

pp. 215-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ELIAS S. PETERSON ◽

CRAIG W. SCHNEIDER ◽

GARY W. SAUNDERS

Keyword(s):

Gulf Coast ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Algal Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Caribbean Sea ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Eastern Gulf Of Mexico ◽

Single Location ◽

Red Algal ◽

Morphological Differences

Based upon COI-5P, LSU rDNA and rbcL sequence data, as well as its morphological characteristics, a new red algal species, Eucheumatopsis sanibelensis E.S.Peterson, C.W.Schneider et G.W.Saunders sp. nov., was discovered on the Gulf coast of Florida, USA and shown to be distinct from the generitype E. isiformis with a type locality in the eastern Caribbean Sea. The new more attenuate taxon from Sanibel Island represents only the second species in this newly described genus, a genus recently segregated from Eucheuma based upon significant molecular and morphological differences. The two species have overlapping geographic distributions in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, but thus far E. sanibelensis is only known from a single location.

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The role of competition in determining morphological differences between Victorian and Tasmanian passerine birds

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo9770429 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 429 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

I Abbott

Keyword(s):

Wing Length ◽

Sympatric Species ◽

Congeneric Species ◽

Tarsus Length ◽

Frequency Distributions ◽

Clear Cut ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Species Pairs ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Bill Length

Bill length, tarsus length and wing length were measured in 107 passerine species in southern Victoria and 46 in Tasmania, and the possibility that the impoverishment of the Tasmanian avifauna elicits morphological shifts was evaluated. An hypothesis of competitor release failed to account for the main morphological features of the Tasmanian avifauna. There was no significant difference between the frequency distributions of the three variables in mainland and island species, which suggests that no character size on the mainland is over- or under-represented in Tasmania; in spite of this, in nearly all the species common to both areas all three variables are significantly larger in Tasmania. No significant difference was found between the frequency distributions of character-ratios for mainland and island congeneric species-pairs, though theory predicts the island distribution would be the more skew. In 17 pairs of congeners occurring in both areas, the bill length and tarsus length ratios are not significantly different, and though wing length ratios do differ significantly, it is the mainland pairs that have the larger ratio. The variability of the three characters in 25 species did not differ significantly between mainland and island. Many genera which are represented by several sympatric species in Victoria have only one representative (usually the larger) in Tasmania. Although the theory of competitor release predicts that the species in Tasmania should show decreased character sizes, a clear-cut trend to increased size was found. Congeneric species-pairs in Tasmania do not show large morphological differences, which cannot be necessary for successful coexistence there. The above results are discussed briefly, and an hypothesis based on the larger size of food items in Tasmania is proposed to explain them.

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Two new species in the genus Phoxokalliapseudes Drumm & Heard, 2011 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Kalliapseudidae) from the southwestern and southern coasts of Korea

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4231.3.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4231 (3) ◽

pp. 341 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JIN HEE WI ◽

CHANG-KEUN KANG ◽

HO YOUNG SOH

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Size Range ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Width Ratio ◽

Fixed Size ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Two New Species ◽

Comprehensive Comparison ◽

Morphological Differences

Two new species of Phoxokalliapseudes from the southwestern and southern coasts of Korea are described. Phoxokalliapseudes aculeatus n. sp. is distinguished by the two robust spiniform setae on the ventral margin of the cheliped basis, pereonites 2–6 each with a hyposphaenium and small spinules, and the setiferous lobe on the mandibles with different numbers of serrated spiniform setae in the female and male (five and six, respectively). Phoxokalliapseudes cinctus n. sp. can be distinguished by the propodus of the male cheliped with the largest length to width ratio (2.5: 1) of the genus, and the fixed finger with small denticles on the cutting edge and near the insertion of the dactylus. The female has the largest dactylus to propodus length ratio of pereopod 6 in the genus. Only four species of Phoxokalliapseudes have been described or redescribed previously, of which some exhibit morphological differences with the type specimens, possibly indicating additional new species. To minimize identification difficulties caused by morphometric variations in developmental stages, the morphological characteristics of the new species are described in detail for a fixed size range and compared to different-sized individuals. Additionally, a comprehensive comparison of the new Phoxokalliapseudes species with the other known species is provided and discussed.

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Are Pecten maximus and Pecten jacobaeus different species?

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315499001149 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 79 (5) ◽

pp. 949-952 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Craig S. Wilding ◽

Andy R. Beaumont ◽

John W. Latchford

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Western Mediterranean ◽

Pecten Maximus ◽

Allozyme Electrophoresis ◽

Congeneric Species ◽

Similar Magnitude ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Dna Pcr

Two members of the scallop genus Pecten (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) occur in European waters. Pecten maximus is largely an Atlantic species whilst Pecten jacobaeus is almost completely confined to Mediterranean waters despite slight overlap of distributions in the western Mediterranean. Genetic distances between these species were estimated using both allozyme electrophoresis and mitochondrial DNA PCR–RFLP and shown to be of a similar magnitude to intraspecific values, considerably lower than expected for congeneric species. These data are discussed in the light of recognised morphological differences, hybrid rearing trials and previous studies examining genetic distance by allozyme methodologies.

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VIRULENCE AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MAMMALIAN TUBERCLE BACILLI

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.86.2.175 ◽

1947 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 175-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 161

Author(s):

Gardner Middlebrook ◽

René J. Dubos ◽

Cynthia Pierce

Keyword(s):

Oleic Acid ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Water Dispersible ◽

Varying Thickness ◽

Solid Media ◽

Solid Agar ◽

Surface Active ◽

Morphological Differences

Experimental infection of the mouse can be used for the determination of virulence of cultures of mammalian tubercle bacilli. The relative virulence of such cultures for the mouse is approximately the same as for the guinea pig. Cultures of virulent and avirulent variants of mammalian tubercle bacilli grown in the depth of Tween 80-albumin liquid medium, on the surface of solid agar modifications of this medium, and on the surface of a liquid modification of this medium exhibit consistent morphological differences. All virulent cultures tend to form microscopically demonstrable serpentine cords of varying thickness and length consisting of highly acid-fast bacilli oriented in parallel along the long axis of the cord. The formation of cords appears to be an important factor in conditioning the ability of cultures to spread on the surface of liquid and solid media. It can be inhibited by the addition to the medium of the surface-active water-dispersible oleic acid ester, Tween 80. Avirulent variant bacilli grow in a more or less non-oriented fashion. They have never been observed to form cords under any condition of growth and are much less acid-fast than the virulent cultures when grown in Tween-albumin medium. Two strains of mammalian tubercle bacilli which are intermediate in degree of virulence between the fully virulent and the avirulent variants also exhibit intermediate morphological characteristics.

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