A revised typification of Jasione corymbosa and J. glabra (Campanulaceae) from the Western Mediterranean area

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO PABLO FERRER-GALLEGO ◽  
Ángel Romo ◽  
Roberto Roselló ◽  
Emilio Laguna ◽  
Juan Bautista Peris
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Maximum Expression

The genus Jasione Linnaeus (1753: 163) (Campanulaceae Juss.) is represented by ca. 16 species distributed throughout Europe and the Mediterranean Region, from coastal dunes to alpine zones, and growing on a wide variety of substrates as well (Sales & Hedge 2001b). The genus shows a high degree of polymorphism, which can be partially caused by its representation accross a wide range of ecological niches. This variability reaches its maximum expression within the Iberian Peninsula (Bokhari & Sales 2001).

scholarly journals Human Genomic Diversity Where the Mediterranean Joins the Atlantic

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candela L Hernández ◽  
Guillermo Pita ◽  
Bruno Cavadas ◽  
Saioa López ◽  
Luis J Sánchez-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Southern Portugal ◽  
Human Genomic ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract Throughout the past few years, a lively debate emerged about the timing and magnitude of the human migrations between the Iberian Peninsula and the Maghreb. Several pieces of evidence, including archaeological, anthropological, historical, and genetic data, have pointed to a complex and intermingled evolutionary history in the western Mediterranean area. To study to what extent connections across the Strait of Gibraltar and surrounding areas have shaped the present-day genomic diversity of its populations, we have performed a screening of 2.5 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 142 samples from southern Spain, southern Portugal, and Morocco. We built comprehensive data sets of the studied area and we implemented multistep bioinformatic approaches to assess population structure, demographic histories, and admixture dynamics. Both local and global ancestry inference showed an internal substructure in the Iberian Peninsula, mainly linked to a differential African ancestry. Western Iberia, from southern Portugal to Galicia, constituted an independent cluster within Iberia characterized by an enriched African genomic input. Migration time modeling showed recent historic dates for the admixture events occurring both in Iberia and in the North of Africa. However, an integrative vision of both paleogenomic and modern DNA data allowed us to detect chronological transitions and population turnovers that could be the result of transcontinental migrations dating back from Neolithic times. The present contribution aimed to fill the gaps in the modern human genomic record of a key geographic area, where the Mediterranean and the Atlantic come together.

scholarly journals Migrants’ Sexual Violence in the Mediterranean Region: A Regional Analysis

Sexes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-314
Author(s):  
Demetris Hadjicharalambous ◽  
Stavros Parlalis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
The Mediterranean

Migration in the Mediterranean region has increased greatly during the last years. Reports and studies reveal that violence and injuries among refugees and migrants is a common occurrence in the WHO Europe Region. Available literature indicates that sexual violence incidents take place: (a) during the migratory journey to the host country, (b) while in detention centers, (c) once migrants have reached their destination, and (d) during the period in which a woman is subject of trafficking. This manuscript explores how sexual violence against refugee/immigrant women is presented in the international literature; a narrative review of the literature was conducted on the phenomenon of migration in the Mediterranean area, and specifically on sexual violence of migrant women. In order to face the challenges faced by migrant women victims of sexual violence, the following policies are suggested by international literature: (a) offer emergency medical and health care to sexual violence survivors, which is usually relatively limited, (b) offer mental health care and psychological support for sexual violence when planning services to provide clinical care, and (c) work towards the aim of transforming norms and values in order to promote gender equality and support non-violent behaviours.

scholarly journals Special Issue “Focus on the Salinization Issue in the Mediterranean Area”

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Micòl Mastrocicco
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Precipitation Pattern ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Mediterranean

Throughout the Mediterranean Region, recent and past studies have highlighted an increase in temperature, especially during summer, a decrease in precipitation and a change in the in-year precipitation pattern [...]

First record of the Levantine species Scoloplos haasi (Orbiniidae: Scolecida: Annelida) from the Mediterranean coast of Spain

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 1051-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo López
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
British Museum ◽  
First Record ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Polychaete Species ◽  
The Mediterranean

During an investigation devoted to characterize all the Orbiniidae polychaete species present in the Iberian Peninsula, several individuals previously identified as Scoloplos armiger showed to actually belong to Scoloplos haasi, a species to date considered endemic from Israel. The comparison with the holotype deposited in the British Museum of Natural History confirmed the identification. This record of S. haasi is not only a new one for the western Mediterranean but also the first one out of its original locality, extending largely westwards the geographical range of the species.

Trade and stowaways: molecular evidence for human-mediated translocation of eastern skinks into the western Mediterranean

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Josep Francesc Bisbal-Chinesta ◽  
Karin Tamar ◽  
Ángel Gálvez ◽  
Luís Albero ◽  
Pablo Vicent-Castelló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Allochthonous Species ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Chalcides Ocellatus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Human movements in the regions surrounding the Mediterranean Sea have caused a great impact in the composition of terrestrial fauna due to the introductions of several allochthonous species, intentionally or not. Reptiles are one of the groups where this anthropic impact is most evident, owing to the extensive intra-Mediterranean dispersals of recent chronologies. Chalcides ocellatus is a widespread skink with a natural distribution that covers almost the entire Mediterranean Basin. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain its origin: natural dispersions and human translocations. Previous molecular data suggest the occurrence of a recent dispersal phenomenon across the Mediterranean Sea. In this study we present the first record of this species in the Iberian Peninsula, in Serra del Molar (South-east Spain). We combined molecular analyses and archaeological records to study the origin of this population. The molecular results indicate that the population is phylogenetically closely related to specimens from north-eastern Egypt and southern Red Sea. We suggest that the species arrived at the Iberian Peninsula most likely through human-mediated dispersal by using the trade routes. Between the Iron to Middle Ages, even now, the region surrounding Serra del Molar has been the destination of human groups and commercial goods of Egyptian origins, in which Chalcides ocellatus could have arrived as stowaways. The regional geomorphological evolution would have restricted its expansion out of Serra del Molar. These findings provide new data about the impact of human movements on faunal introductions and present new information relating to mechanisms of long-distance translocations.

scholarly journals Ecology, Cultivation and Utilization of the Aromatic Greek Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.): A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elpiniki SKOUFOGIANNI ◽  
Alexandra D. SOLOMOU ◽  
Nicholaos G. DANALATOS
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean

Medicinal and aromatic plants represent a stable part of the natural biodiversity legacy of many countries in the world. The present review focuses on oregano (Origanum vulgare L.; family Lamiaceae), an endemic herb in Greece that constitutes one of the best known aromatic and medicinal plants originating in the Mediterranean region. In particular, oregano is an evergreen, rich in natural compounds perennial plant that received increased attention in the last years for a wide range of uses. Oregano dry leaves and inflorescences in mixture are used as human and animal food that is extremely rich in antioxidative properties. Additionally, its essential oil is rich in carvacrol, thymol, c-terpinene and p-cymene, and is used for a number of medicinal purposes, e.g. for inhibiting microbial and fungal toxin production as well as for the well-known anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiarthritic, antiallergic, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. Due to its perfect quality and high essential oil concentration, Greek oregano (O. vulgare ssp. hirtum) is regarded among the best in the world gaining in popularity in the global markets for food industry applications. Consequently, oregano might be considered as an important low-input, environmental friendly commodity for extensive cultivation in Greece. The present review summarizes on the origin, the morphology, the ecology and the utilization of this plant. Despite the extensive literature available on the use of oregano biomass and essential oil, only few reports exist concerning the cultivation of this plant. Therefore, the present review is additionally focused on the cultivation practices and the importance of cultivation and utilization of Origanum vulgare L. in Greece and generally in the Mediterranean region in the near future, as it constitutes a plant species with high medical, economic and environmental value.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals Grid Integration as a Strategy of Med-TSO in the Mediterranean Area in the Framework of Climate Change and Energy Transition

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5307
Author(s):  
Antonio Moretti ◽  
Charalampos Pitas ◽  
George Christofi ◽  
Emmanuel Bué ◽  
Modesto Gabrieli Francescato
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
National Development ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Grid Integration ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Mediterranean

The paper presents a survey on the situation in terms of solutions for grid integration throughout the Mediterranean area in the framework of climate change and energy transition. The objective of the study is focused on Mediterranean region connectivity initiatives in the context of the broader vision of an interconnected European–Mediterranean (Euro–Med) power system for a future low-carbon energy system as the fundamental objective of Med-TSO, the Association of the Mediterranean Transmission System Operators (TSOs) for electricity. The analysis examines how the power grid connectivity evolves from now on to 2030, describing the progress made to date in integrating the power grids of the Mediterranean region as well as the future possibilities for a more integrated power grid covering the whole region. The research, conducted within Mediterranean Project II of Med-TSO, includes an overview on the current situation of the interconnections and the proposal for the 2030 interconnections Master Plan, coherent with the national development plans (NDPs) and shared energy scenarios for the whole region at the same horizon of 2030. It conducts an assessment of the gap between the current and the 2030 expected situation, taking into account the energy transition toward 2030 objectives resulting from the achievements of climate change pledges, local governmental policies and EU strategy for neighboring countries and Africa. The solutions survey includes technical solutions, procedures and rules to improve systems’ integration and increase regional electricity exchanges in Med-TSO countries, and is aimed at achieving a higher quality of services and better efficiency of energy supply in Med-TSO member countries in the framework of the expected energy transition. The main scope is to present solutions that will be made available due to maturity and experience in the coming decade, specifically: high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission technologies, energy storage, sectors coupling, smart grid technologies and services, inter-TSO and transmission–distribution cooperation platforms, etc. The article presents two case studies: the island paradigm and a new cross-border interconnection project of common interest. Finally, the post-pandemic core role of TSOs, which has become more relevant than ever, is transformed into a key-enabler of energy transition towards a sustainable, resilient and innovative climate-neutral recovery.

Coastal climatology of the North-Western Mediterranean area for long-term and short-term risk assessment.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Brandini ◽  
Stefano Taddei ◽  
Valentina Vannucchi ◽  
Michele Bendoni ◽  
Bartolomeo Doronzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
North Western

<p>In this work we present the results obtained through a dynamic downscaling of the ERA5 reanalysis dataset (hindcast) of ECMWF, using high-resolution meteorological and wave models defined on unstructured computation grids along the Mediterranean coasts, with a particular focus on the North-Western Mediterranean area. Downscaling of the ERA5 meteorological data is obtained through the BOLAM and MOLOCH models (up to a resolution of 2.5 km) which force an unstructured WW3 model with a resolution of up to 500 m along the coast. Models were validated through available meteorological stations, wave buoy data and X-band wave radars, the latter for the purposes of wave spectra validation.</p><p>On the one hand, this allowed, by extracting the time series of some attack parameters of the waves along the coast, and according to the type of coast (rocky coasts, sandy coasts, coastal structures etc.), to compute the return periods and to characterize the impact of any individual storm. On the other hand, it is possible to highlight some trends observed in the last 30 years, during which recent research is showing an increasing evidence  of some changes in global circulation at regional to local scales. These changes also include effects of wind rotation, wave regimes, storm surges, wave-induced coastal currents and coastal morphodynamics. For example, in the North-Western Mediterranean extreme events belonging to cyclonic weather-types circulation with stronger S-SE components (like the storm of October 28-30th 2018 and many others), rather than events associated with perturbations of Atlantic origin and zonal circulation, are becoming more frequent. These long-term wind/wave climate trends can have consequences not only in the assessment of long-term risk due to main morphodynamic variations (ie. coastal erosion), but also in the short-term risk assessment.</p><p>This work was funded by the EU MAREGOT project (2017-2020) and ECMWF Special Project spitbran  “Evaluation of coastal climate trends in the Mediterranean area by means of high-resolution and multi-model downscaling of ERA5 reanalysis” (2018-2020).</p>

V.—Rodents from the Pleistocene of the Western Mediterranean Region

1905 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 462-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. I. Forsyth Major
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
The Mediterranean

In a former publication I have dealt with the anatomy of Prolagus sardus (Wagn.), from the Sardinian and Corsican Pleistocene, in comparison with that of its Tertiary relatives. The following pages deal with the geographical distribution of Pleistocene Prolagus and its bearing on more general questions.When Ouvier discovered, in the ossiferous breccia of Corsica, remains of a ‘Lagomys,’ which he believed to be closely related to the Siberian Lagomys alpinus, he also suggested other analogies between the faunas of the two regions—Siberia and Corsica (as well as Sardinia), and commented upon the supposed relationship between the insular Mouflon and the Siberian Argali. Similar views were expressed by B. Wagner.Pumpelly, Loeard, and Lortet sought to establish a connection between a supposed Corsioan ‘ice-age,’ as attested by the trace of ancient glaciers, and the former existence in the island of a supposed inhabitant of cold regions, the Lagomys corsicanus. Hensel had, however, shown before, in 1856, that the affinities of Lagomys sardus from the Sardinian bone breccia are not with the recent Lagomys (Ogotona), but with a Miocene type, for which he proposed the generic name Myolagus (antedated by Prolagus, Pormel). He was in consequence inclined to assume a Tertiary age for the breccias in which the Prolagus occurred (and, indeed, for the whole of the Mediterranean bone breccias). A similar view has again been brought forward of late years.I myself pointed out (1) that the Corsican Lagomys likewise belonged to the genus Prolagus, as indeed had already been suspected by Hensel from his inspection of Cuvier's figures; (2) that the Tertiary age of the Corsican and Sardinian breccias could not be upheld, above all, because the mollusca occurring in them, as Loeard bad shown to be the case in the ossiferous breccia of Toga, near Bastia, are still living in the neighbourhood.

Subduction Orogeny and the Late Cenozoic Evolution of the Mediterranean Arcs

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Royden ◽  
Claudio Faccenna
Keyword(s):  
Convergence Rate ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Collisional Orogens

The Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Mediterranean region, which is sandwiched between the converging African and European continents, is dominated by the process of subduction orogeny. Subduction orogeny occurs where localized subduction, driven by negative slab buoyancy, is more rapid than the convergence rate of the bounding plates; it is commonly developed in zones of early or incomplete continental collision. Subduction orogens can be distinguished from collisional orogens on the basis of driving mechanism, tectonic setting, and geologic expression. Three distinct Late Cenozoic subduction orogens can be identified in the Mediterranean region, making up the Western Mediterranean (Apennine, external Betic, Maghebride, Rif), Central Mediterranean (Carpathian), and Eastern Mediterranean (southern Dinaride, external Hellenide, external Tauride) Arcs. The Late Cenozoic evolution of these orogens, described in this article, is best understood in light of the processes that govern subduction orogeny and depends strongly on the buoyancy of the locally subducting lithosphere; it is thus strongly related to paleogeography. Because the slow (4–10 mm/yr) convergence rate between Africa and Eurasia has preserved the early collisional environment, and associated tectonism, for tens of millions of years, the Mediterranean region provides an excellent opportunity to elucidate the dynamic and kinematic processes of subduction orogeny and to better understand how these processes operate in other orogenic systems.

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