Iris tibetica, a new combination in I. ser. Lacteae (Iridaceae) from China: evidence from morphological and chloroplast DNA analyses

Historically, the species composition of Iris ser. Lacteae has been controversial. Morphological and molecular analyses have been conducted here including specimens covering most of their distribution range. The results suggest I. ser. Lacteae includes three species: the well-known I. lactea and I. oxypetala, plus a newly defined taxon which is endemic to the Gansu and Qinghai provinces, China. We here propose it as a new combination at the species rank, I. tibetica. Morphologically, this species is close to I. lactea but differs by its horizontal, creeping rhizome, scapes with no more than two flowers, its bracts reach the middle of the first flower, its broader inner perianth segments, its obovate with obtuse apex outer perianth segments, and its fruit apex always abruptly narrowed to a very short beak. The most useful qualitative and quantitative morphological characters used to distinguish this species are highlighted. Additionally, all three names are here typified, and a neotype for the name I. lactea and a lectotype for the name I. tibetica are designated. Notes on distribution and habitat are provided for all the accepted species.

Download Full-text

Salicornia cuscoensis (Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae), a new species from Peru (South America)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 319 (3) ◽

pp. 254 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. ÁNGELES ALONSO ◽

MANUEL B. CRESPO ◽

HELMUT FREITAG

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South America ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Tierra Del Fuego ◽

South American ◽

Habitat Distribution ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Southern Patagonia ◽

A New Species

The name Salicornia cuscoensis given to a plant from high Andean saltmarshes near Cusco [Cuzco] and Ayacucho, Peru (South America) is validated by a diagnosis and description. The main morphological characters that separate S. cuscoensis from other closely related species are creeping habit, delicate branches, inflorescence of short and thin spikes, and seed indumentum. The new species clearly differs from other perennial Salicornia taxa growing in high Andean saltmarshes such as S. pulvinata and S. andina. The former forms small compact cushions producing very short, few-flowered inflorescences. The latter shows woody stems and forms larger rounded carpets. Morphologically, S. cuscoensis is also similar to S. magellanica, a species growing along the seashore in southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, but the latter has shorter and wider inflorescences and larger seeds with a different type and arrangement of indumentum. Molecular analyses also supported the separation of S. cuscoensis. Data on habitat, distribution and phylogenetic relationships are presented for the new species and its relatives, and an identification key is given for the South American taxa of the genus Salicornia.

Download Full-text

Identification of the Pathogen Causing Stem Blight Disease on Chili in Sindangjaya Village, Cipanas, Cianjur, West Java Based on Morphological and Molecular Analyses

Jurnal AgroBiogen ◽

10.21082/jbio.v17n1.2021.p35-44 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Wartono Wartono

Keyword(s):

Molecular Identification ◽

Phytophthora Capsici ◽

Economic Value ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Stem Rot ◽

West Java ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Molecular Approaches ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Blight Disease

<p>Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is a vegetable commodity with high economic value which is widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia. One of the obstacles faced in chili cultivation is stem rot disease. This study aimed to identify the pathogens that caused stem rot in chili plants obtained from one location in Sindangjaya Village, Cipanas District, Cianjur Regency, West Java Province based on morphological and molecular analyses. Pathogen identification was performed with morphological and molecular approaches. The morphological characters observed included colony shape, sporangium diameter, and mating type. The pathogenicity of the isolates was assayed by inoculating chili stems aged 40 days. Molecular identification was carried out using two pairs of primers for ITS regions and TEF-1 gene. Based on the results of morphological and molecular identification, as well as pathogenicity tests, it was confirmed that Phytophthora capsici pathogen was the causal agent of stem rot in chili plants collected from Sindangjaya Village. Further study is needed to determine the spread of the disease, damage, and yield loss caused by stem rot disease, as well as how to prevent and control the disease.</p>

Download Full-text

The status of the races of the graceful crag lizard, Pseudocordylus capensis, from South Africa

Amphibia-Reptilia ◽

10.1163/156853892x00300 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 109-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Y.M. Herselman ◽

J.H. Van Wyk ◽

P. le F.N. Mouton

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Geographical Variation ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Distribution Range ◽

The Status ◽

Formal Taxonomy ◽

New Distribution

AbstractTo evaluate the taxonomic status of the races of the graceful crag lizard, Pseudocordylus capensis, geographical variation in 44 external morphological characters was determined, using 97 specimens from 31 localities. Two different epiphenotypes predominate in the northern and southwestern parts of the distribution range. These epiphenotypes are, however, connected by a continuum of variation. It is therefore suggested that the recognition of races be abandoned in the formal taxonomy. Several new distribution records for the species are provided.

Download Full-text

Redescription of Mastigias papua (Scyphozoa, Rhizostomeae) with designation of a neotype and recognition of two additional species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4457.4.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4457 (4) ◽

pp. 520 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

MARIANA ROCHA DE SOUZA ◽

MICHAEL N DAWSON

Keyword(s):

Pacific Islands ◽

Parallel Evolution ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

The Philippines ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Additional Species ◽

Evolutionary Patterns ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Taxonomic Approach ◽

Patterns And Processes

Mastigias, the ‘golden’ or ‘spotted’ jellyfish, is distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific. Specimens are identified routinely as Mastigias papua, although eight species were described historically, and molecular analyses evince at least three phylogenetic species. Understanding species diversity in Mastigias has become a priority because of its growing relevance in studies of boom-bust dynamics related to environmental change, cryptic species, local adaptation, parallel evolution, and peripatric speciation. However, species delimitation and identification are inhibited by a dearth of type specimens for most species, including M. papua. We address these issues by resampling Mastigias from the type locality in Waigeo, West Papua, as well as in the Philippines, and by comparing cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and up to 34 morphological characters of 268 Mastigias specimens from surrounding regions in the Indo-Pacific. We also gathered data from the historical descriptions of the eight species of Mastigias to estimate the identity of the two other currently revealed clades. Using this integrative taxonomic approach, we re-describe Mastigias papua as endemic to the tropical western Pacific islands (including Papua, Palau, Enewetak) and designate a neotype for the species. Additionally, based on morphological similarity and geographic overlap, we identified a second clade most probably as M. albipunctatus (from Japan, Komodo, Berau and Philippines) and a third clade tentatively as either M. andersoni or M. ocellatus. This study highlights the benefits of combining molecular analyses, samples from type locations, traditional descriptions and statistical analyses of morphological variation in systematic studies, and the concomitant potential of such studies to increase understanding of evolutionary patterns and processes in Scyphozoa.

Download Full-text

Molecular conformation of then published Ziziphus budhensis and its religious and economic values

Banko Janakari ◽

10.3126/banko.v27i1.18549 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 55-59

Author(s):

M. L. Pathak ◽

H. C. Li ◽

B. Xu ◽

X. F. Gao ◽

K. K. Pokharel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Molecular Conformation ◽

The Other ◽

Type Locality ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Economic Values ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Dna Analyses ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

A New Species

The newly described species, Ziziphus budhensis was confirmed as Chinese Jujuba, Z. xiangchengensis on the basis of their DNA analyses. Z. budhensis was explained as a new species on the basis of some morphological differences in 2015. In the Year 2016, the DNA samples were collected from the type locality of Nepal, and the molecular analyses were carried out. The type specimens and the other available images from the different herbariums were examined. Besides, the protologue and the type images were studied carefully. The result showed that though there were some differences in the habit and the habitat of the plant, the previously described new species, Z. budhensis was found to be same as the Chinese species, Z. xiangchengensis. This study also showed the importance of the molecular work of Z. budhensis and confirmed it morphologically distinct although it was very close to the Chinese species.Banko Janakari, Vol. 27, No. 1, page: 55-59

Download Full-text

Male identification, generic classification and sexual dimorphism of Micronychus pardus (Kazantsev, 2018) comb. nov. (Coleoptera: Lycidae: Calochrominae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4657.1.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4657 (1) ◽

pp. 177-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MICHAL MOTYKA

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Species Identification ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Large Specimen ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Almost All ◽

First Time

Almost all net-winged beetles are members of Müllerian complexes and their similarity due to phenotypic coevolution sometimes complicates species identification and generic placement. Therefore, large specimen series, detailed exhaustive examination of morphological characters and molecular data are needed to clarify the taxonomic placement. Using mitochondrial DNA sequences, I investigated the sexual dimorphism and generic placement of the recently described species Calochromus pardus Kazantsev, 2018. I found that the species does not belong in Calochromus Guérin-Méneville, 1833 and all morphological characters and molecular analyses point to its placement in Micronychus Motschulsky, 1861. Therefore, Micronychus pardus (Kazantsev, 2018), comb. nov. is proposed. Additionally, the male is described here for the first time showing the sexual dimorphism in the species. Unlike the females, the males do not superficially resemble members of Xylobanus Waterhouse, 1879 with bright coloured elytral costae and black background, but mimics the sympatrically occurring yellow and black lycids in the genus Cautires Waterhouse, 1879.

Download Full-text

Diplazoptilon (Asteraceae) is merged with Saussurea based on evidence from morphology and molecular systematics

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.236.1.4 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 236 (1) ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Qian Yuan ◽

Yanchao Bi ◽

Yousheng Chen

Keyword(s):

Molecular Systematics ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

Micromorphological Characters

Diplazoptilon is a monotypic genus belonging to the Saussurea group (Asteraceae, Cardueae). We undertake micromorphological and molecular studies to discuss the systematic position of this genus. The achene of Diplazoptilon picridifolium is obconical, 4-angled, with a small crown on the apical rim. The pollen of D. picridifolium are spheroidal, narrowly tricolpate, with the exine reticulate and shortly spinulate. The micromorphological characters of D. picridifolium are well in accordance with those of the genus Saussurea. Our molecular analyses demonstrate that Diplazoptilon and Saussurea form a strongly supported clade. Taking into account the great similarities in achene, pappus and pollen morphology between Diplazoptilon and Saussurea, it is reasonable to merge Diplazoptilon with Saussurea. From our molecular work and the gross-morphological characters, D. picridifolium should be a member of Saussurea subgen. Saussurea sect. Strictae. There are more than one species with a plumose outer pappus in the genus Saussurea, and the occurrences the plumose outer pappus in the genus Saussurea may have had parallel origins.

Download Full-text

Problems with the taxonomy of Phytoptus tetratrichus Nalepa 1890 (Acari: Eriophyoidea) inhabiting Tilia spp.: Analysis based on morphological variation among individuals

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2988.1.3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2988 (1) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

GRAŻYNA SOIKA ◽

MARCIN KOZAK

Keyword(s):

Leaf Surface ◽

Leaf Roll ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Canonical Variate ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Leaf Surfaces ◽

Tilia Tomentosa ◽

Two Populations ◽

Damage Symptoms

The purpose of this research was to investigate both the qualitative and quantitative morphological traits of Phytoptus tetratrichus Nalepa 1890 populations inhabiting three different lime tree species: Tilia cordata Mill., Tilia tomentosa Moench and Tilia americana L.. Morphological characters of two populations collected from T. cordata and T. tomentosa over three successive growing seasons were compared with the aid of canonical variate analysis. Additionally, individuals occurring on T. americana in a consecutive year were also studied. Protogyne and deutogyne females were differentiated using both qualitative and quantitative traits. For deutogyne females, individuals from all combinations of Tilia species × year (which constituted populations for comparison) clearly differed from each other. However, the differences between populations from T. cordata and T. tomentosa were less distinct. For protogyne females, observed differences were clearly visible. The between-season variation in morphological characters such as body size appeared to be quite large, indicating that morphological analysis based on observations from only a single season can be inaccurate. Deutogyne females of P. tetratrichus were observed to cause various types of damage symptoms: leaf-roll galls along the leaf edges of T. cordata; small round erinea on the lower leaf surface and small wart-like galls on the upper leaf surface of T. tomentosa; fingerlike galls on both leaf surfaces of T. americana.

Download Full-text