scholarly journals Preliminary report on freshwater oligochaetes from some districts of Tamil Nadu (India), along with DNA barcode sequence of a commercially important oligochaete in Chennai

Zoosymposia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
SANJIB CHAKMA ◽  
SVANTE MARTINSSON ◽  
SIVABALAN SRINIVASAN ◽  
AHMED ARFATH GHANI ◽  
ROHIT ADAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Branchiura Sowerbyi ◽  
Limnodrilus Hoffmeisteri ◽  
The World ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Dero Digitata ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Freshwater Oligochaetes

A survey of aquatic Oligochaeta was conducted at Thiruvallur, Chennai, Kanchipuram, Villupuram and Nilgiris districts of Tamil Nadu from October 2015 to June 2016. Eleven taxa were recorded from a total of 922 specimens examined, eight of them were identified to species level. Five naidids identified during the present study: Branchiodrilus semperi, Dero dorsalis, Dero digitata, Dero indica and Dero zeylanica, and six tubificid taxa Branchiura sowerbyi, Tubificidae sp. 1, Tubificidae sp. 2, Tubificidae sp. 3, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and L. udekemianus. Dero dorsalis constitute the first report for Kanchipuram district. A DNA barcode sequence (GenBank accession no. MF125273) of the commercially important Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, commonly known as ‘Tubifex worms’ in Chennai, was obtained and compared with other published COI sequences from that morphospecies from around the world.

scholarly journals Preliminary survey of aquatic oligochaetes in Eastern Tamil Nadu, India

Zoosymposia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMED IBRAHIM NAVEED ◽  
S. THULASIRAJA ◽  
S. KARUNAKARAN ◽  
C. KULANDAIVEL ◽  
R. TAMIL SELVAN
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Branchiura Sowerbyi ◽  
Limnodrilus Hoffmeisteri ◽  
Aquatic Oligochaetes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dero Digitata ◽  
Random Survey

A random survey of aquatic Oligochaeta was conducted in Chennai, Villupuram, Dindugal, Thiruvallur, and Sivagangai districts of Tamil Nadu from November 2010 to March 2012. Thirteen taxa were identified from a total of 644 aquatic oligochaetes examined from various qualitative samples of aquatic vegetation and sediments. Chennai district had 3 families: Naididae, Pristinidae and Tubificidae along with a polychaete. The naidids were most diverse with 5 species: Branchiodrilus semperi, Aulophorus furcatus, Dero digitata, Dero indica and Dero zeylanica, the pristinids were represented by Pristina brevichaeta and Pristina jenkinae and the tubificids by 2 species, Branchiura sowerbyi and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri. The nine aquatic oligochaetes collected from Chennai were already reported from this region. Two naidids, Branchiodrilus semperi and D. indica, along with the tubificid Branchiura sowerbyi, were collected from Villupuram district and they constitute the first reports for that district. Limnodrilus udekemianus from Kodaikanal, Dindugal district constitutes the first report for that region of Tamil Nadu. Megadriles belonging to the family Octochaetidae (Dichogaster bolaui?) and unidentified Megascolecidae collected from Thiruvallur and Sivaganga districts respectively were found to occur in aquatic habitats.

DNA-barcoding of sympatric species of ectoparasitic gastropods of the genusCerithiopsis(Mollusca: Gastropoda: Cerithiopsidae) from Croatia

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 1059-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Modica ◽  
P. Mariottini ◽  
J. Prkić ◽  
M. Oliverio
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Coi Sequences

The ectoparasitic gastropod genusCerithiopsisForbes & Hanley, 1850 was nominally based onMurex tubercularisMontagu, 1803. We have used the DNA barcode COI sequences to assay sympatric samples of morphotypes recently described as distinct species of theCerithiopsis tubercularis-complex. Our results demonstrated that, in the Croatian waters, the gastropods usually calledC. tubercularisin fact comprise a complex of cryptic species, which can be reliably diagnosed only by examining the soft parts. In the present study we have demonstrated that the colour pattern of the head-foot is diagnostic at the species level in this complex and, coupled with genetic data, may provide a sounding base for a revision of the cerithiopsids of the European coasts.

scholarly journals Characterization of Some Commercially Important Octopus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from Indonesian Waters using Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase Sub-Unit I (Mt-DNA COI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Nenik Kholilah ◽  
Norma Afiati ◽  
Subagiyo Subagiyo
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Species Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mt Dna ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Coi Sequences

As per the FAO data, octopus identification is very limited in the species level at world fishery and also they are cryptic nature. On the other hand, Indonesia is one of the top ten highest octopus exporters. This study therefore aimed to determine the species of octopus based on phylogenetic analysis of mt-DNA COI. Octopuses were collected from nine different locations throughout Indonesia, i.e., Anambas, Bangka-Belitung, Cirebon, Karimunjawa, Tuban, Lombok, Buton, Wakatobi and Jayapura. Samples were mostly in the form of tentacles that were directly collected from fishermen. After being preserved in 96% ethanol, the sample was extracted in 10% chelexÒ, PCR amplification using Folmer’s primer then was further analysed by sequencing in Sanger methods. Of the 24 samples sequenced, the results recognized four species Octopodidae belongs to the three genera, named Amphioctopus aegina, Hapalochlaena fasciata, Octopus laqueus and Octopus cyanea. Mean pair-wise distances of within-species were ranged from 0 to 5.5 % and between-species was ranged from 12.9 to 15.8 %. This study distinctly confirmed the difference between genus Amphioctopus and Hapalochlaena (15.5 %), as also between O. laqueus and O. cyanea (12.9%) which was previously not completely distinguished. Although performing species identification using DNA sequences for shallow-water benthic octopus species is perhaps considered premature, this study indicated the possible application of COI sequences for species identification, thereby providing a preliminary dataset for future DNA barcoding of octopus, in particular for Indonesia waters.

scholarly journals Validity of Pampus liuorum Liu & Li, 2013, Revealed by the DNA Barcoding of Pampus Fishes (Perciformes, Stromateidae)

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Jiehong Wei ◽  
Renxie Wu ◽  
Yongshuang Xiao ◽  
Haoran Zhang ◽  
Laith A. Jawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Barcoding Gap ◽  
Coi Barcoding ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Morphological Species ◽  
Fishery Species

The genus Pampus contains seven valid species, which are commercially important fishery species in the Indo-Pacific area. Due to their highly similar external morphologies, Pampus liuorum has been proposed as a synonym of Pampus cinereus. In this study, partial sequences of COI (582 bp) and Cytb (1077 bp) were presented as potential DNA barcodes of six valid Pampus species and the controversial species P. liuorum. A species delimitation of the seven Pampus species was performed to verify their validities. Explicit COI barcoding gaps were found in all assessed species, except for P. liuorum and P. cinereus, which resulted from their smaller interspecific K2P distance (0.0034–0.0069). A Cytb barcoding gap (0.0200) of the two species was revealed, with a K2P distance ranging from 0.0237 to 0.0277. The longer Cytb fragment is thus a more suitable DNA barcode for the genus Pampus. In the genetic tree, using concatenated Cytb and COI sequences, the seven species reciprocally formed well-supported clades. Species delimitations with ABGD, GMYC, and bPTP models identified seven operational taxonomic units, which were congruent with the seven morphological species. Therefore, all of the seven analyzed species, including P. liuorum, should be kept as valid species.

scholarly journals Indian seaweed resources: their availability and importance

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Temkar ◽  
Arti Joshi ◽  
A. J. Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Variable Amount ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Indian Waters ◽  
Green Seaweed ◽  
Commercially Important

The plant species which were found along the sea – shore was called as “seaweed”. They were reported all along the Indian coastal state waters in variable amount. Among all these Indian coastal states Tamil nadu and Gujarat states contributes more seaweed resource. Seaweed were mainly found along the coastal waters of the ocean. According to colouration and pigmentation in plants they were classified in three categories; i.e. Red, Brown and Green seaweed. The various reports were reported that seaweed are utilized for many different purposes all along the world. They were mainly utilized for food, medicine, fertilizers etc. in this review article authors were discussed about the availability of seaweed resources along Indian waters and the mineral and proximate composition of commercially important seaweed species, which represents seaweed is one of the most important resource in future and so in future this scenario will ultimately causes the utilization and demand of seaweed was going on increasing, not only along Asian countries but also from all over the world. The Indian waters consideration represents, there was very less importance was given to seaweed as that of other oceanic resource, but in future India also going to give importance to seaweed mainly because over-fishing/ over-harvesting of other oceanic resources like fishes, shell fishes, mammals etc. from Indian oceanic waters. so all these thing together concluded that in future seaweed will became as one of the best alternative option for human beings.

Educational Entrepreneurs in Tamil Nadu - A Profile

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siluvai Raja
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

Education has been considered as an indispensable asset of every individual, community and nation today. Indias higher education system is the third largest in the world, after China and the United States (World Bank). Tamil Nadu occupies the first place in terms of possession of higher educational institutions in the private sector in the country with over 46 percent(27) universities, 94 percent(464) professional colleges and 65 percent(383) arts and science colleges(2011). Studies to understand the profile of the entrepreneurs providing higher education either in India or Tamil Nadu were hardly available. This paper attempts to map the demographic profile of the entrepreneurs providing higher education in Arts and Science colleges in Tamil Nadu through an empirical analysis, carried out among 25 entrepreneurs spread across the state. This paper presents a summary of major inferences of the analysis.

scholarly journals Identification of medicinal plant Schisandra chinensis using a potential DNA barcode ITS2

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-kuan Li ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Rong-chun Han ◽  
Yan-chao Zheng ◽  
Hai-bo Yin Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Schisandra Chinensis ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Cultivated Populations

To test whether the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region is an effective marker for using in authenticating of the <em>Schisandra chinensis</em> at the species and population levels, separately. And the results showed that the wild populations had higher percentage of individuals that had substitution of C→A at site 86-bp than the cultivated populations. At sites 10-bp, 37-bp, 42-bp and 235-bp, these bases of the <em>Schisandra sphenanthera</em> samples differed from that of <em>S. chinensis</em>. Two species showed higher levels of inter-specific divergence than intra-specific divergence within ITS2 sequences. However, 24 populations did not demonstrate much difference as inter-specific and intra-specific divergences were concerned. Both <em>S. chinensis</em> and <em>S. sphenanthera</em> showed monophyly at species level, yet the samples of different populations shown polyphyly at population level. ITS2 performed well when using BLAST1 method. ITS2 obtained 100% identification success rates at the species level for <em>S. chinensis</em>, with no ambiguous identification at the genus level for ITS2 alone. The ITS2 region could be used to identify <em>S. chinensis</em> and <em>S. sphenanthera</em> in the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia”. And it could also correctly distinguish 100% of species and 100% of genera from the 193 sequences of <em>S. chinensis</em>. Hence, the ITS2 is a powerful and efficient tool for species identification of <em>S. chinensis</em>.

scholarly journals DNA barcodes and morphology of P. krempfi, P. mekongensis, and P. elongatus

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dương Thúy Yên ◽  
Nguyễn Kiệt ◽  
Bùi Sơn Nên ◽  
Nguyễn Văn Thường ◽  
Nguyễn Bạch Loan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Metric Traits ◽  
I Gene

Three Pangasius species including P. krempfi, P. elongatus and P. mekongensis, are economically important. They can be mis-identified due to similar external appreance at small sizes. This study aimed to distinguish these species based on their differences in DNA barcode, COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) gene, and morphological characteristics. Fish with various sizes (>90 samples/species) were sampled at the lower Mekong delta region. Kimura-2 parameter genetic distances based on COI sequences of three species (15 samples, in which, 4 unique sequences were assigned Genbank accession numbers from KT289877 to KT289880) are relatively high, ranging 9.33 – 12.10 %. Morphological measurements show that coutanble traits including numbers of fin rays and the first gill rakers vary in similar ranges but ratios of metric traits are significantly different among three species (P<0.01). Principle component analysis using metric traits sets three species apart. P. elongatus is characterized by elongated body, long caudal preduncle, large eyes, and retangle palatine tooth plates. P. krempfi differs from P. mekongesis in characteristics on their head. The number of sections, shape and length of barbel are different among three species. Phylogenetic relationship of three species based on morphology and COI sequences indicate that P. krempfi is closer to P. mekongenis rather than P. elongatus, and that the distance between P. mekongenis and P. elongatus is the largest.

scholarly journals GENDER PAY GAP: A MYTH OR MATH

2021 ◽  
pp. 399-410
Author(s):  
Hitesh N. Jagani ◽  
Nasheman Bandookwala
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Wage Differential ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Participation ◽  
World Economic

Gender discrimination has been persistent across globe and it is more identified in terms of wage differential. Such discrimination is more striking in developing countries and further more among social groups. Though many countries have passed minimum wage laws and laws mandating equal treatment of women at workplace, gender wage differential remains a perennial feature of labor markets across globe. Among BRIC nation India depicts highest wage discrimination between sexes (Rema Nagarajan TNN March 2011). This fact was reveled also in the Global Gender Gap Report of 2010 as well. The recent survey by the World Economic Forum (WEF) points out the Indian situation, ranking India among the bottom 10 countries in the world in terms of women’s participation in the economy. The World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report 2020 says Of the 153 countries studied in the report, India ranks 112th on the overall Global Gender Gap Index with the index value of (0.068). The overall gender gap as though has narrowed the pay gaps have widen and it will take 257 more years i.e by year 2257 pay equity will be established. India has shown disappointing performance in women work participation rate (WPR), pushing the country among the bottom 10 countries on the WEF list. The country ranks 149th among 153 countries in economic participation. Overall, in terms of gender equality India achieves a score of 59.4%, but in terms of economic participation and opportunity, it scores 39.8% which is dismal. The present study is an attempt to analyze the wage differential across selected states of India. The wages for agriculture and non agriculture workers for sexes is considered. The attempt has been made to evaluate wage differential across selected states of India and inequality therein has been calculated. The descriptive statistical tools like arithmetic mean and standard deviation has been used to ameliorate understanding. The pay parity Index has also been calculated The overall observation from the study widens understanding about pay pattern in India – and discriminating dimension therein. Across occupation unequal pay prevails in regards to sexes with males being paid more than women for the equal jobs. Disparity among agricultural Towards Excellence: An Indexed, Refereed & Peer Reviewed Journal of Higher Education / Dr. Hitesh Jagani & Dr. Nasheman Bandookwala / Page 399-410 March, 2021. VOL.13. ISSUE NO. 1 https://hrdc.gujaratuniversity.ac.in/Publication Page | 400 workers is highest at Kerala- female agricultural workers are paid 29% less than males. On other hand in Himachal Pradesh male agricultural worker is paid 5% less than females. For non agricultural workers Tamil Nadu exhibits high incidence of inequality with female workers being paid 32% less than males. Gujarat comparatively depicts a better scenario with average female payments being more in non agricultural sector as though in agriculture sector disparity prevails.

scholarly journals Thol tamil samugathil Palli Sol Keatal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (S-1) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Kalaiselvan P
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ancient Times

Different beliefs and practices are found in human life from birth to death. These beliefs are created by the people and are followed and protected by the mother’s community. Man has been living with nature since ancient times. Beliefs appeared in natural human life. Hope can be traced back to ancient Tamils and still prevails in Tamil Nadu today. The hope of seeing the omen in it is found all over the world. Proverbs show that people have faith in omens. Our ancestors wrote the book 'Gauli Shastri' because the lizard omen is very important in our society. The word lizard played a major role in Tamil life during the Sangam period. It is possible to know that people have lived by the benefit of the lizard. There is hope from the public that the sound of the lizard will predict what will happen next. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the lizard word that has been around for a long time in folklore.

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