Phylogeography and Genetic Structure in the California Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus): Impacts of current and historic landscape features

The California Floristic Province contains numerous ecological regions and a complex geological and geographical history that make it one of the worlds biodiversity hotspots. A number of wide-ranging taxa span across these regions and show complex patterns of dispersal, vicariance and lineage diversification, making localized small ranged species with lower levels of vagility essential to understanding the overall region. Here, we investigate the biogeography and population structure of the California Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus) (Eschscholtz 1833), an endemic species localized to a narrow coastal region between two areas of biological significance in the California Floristic Province, the North Coast Divide and Monterey Bay. We sequenced one mtDNA fragment (control region) for 133 individuals and a subset of 38 individuals for the anonymous nuclear locus E16C7. We analyzed these sequences with phylogenetic, coalescent, Bayesian clustering, and population genetic approaches in order to infer population structure, phylogenetic structure, and biogeographic history. Additionally, we examined occurrence data with species distribution modeling to generate a habitat suitability map to aid our interpretation of geographic structure. Our analyses recovered 4 major mtDNA lineages, two of which are combined into 3 major lineages when nuDNA is examined. These 3 major lineages are bounded by 4 major current or past geological features; the North Coast Divide, the former Wilson Grove Embayment/current Petaluma Gap, San Francisco Bay, and Monterey Bay. Other low-vagility species linked to moist microclimates and forest habitat do share similarities with the genetic patterns of D. ensatus hinting at a larger role for the past Wilson Grove embayment and modern Petaluma Gap in California biogeography.

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ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT ON SEA SURFACE HEIGHT ESTIMATION BASED ON WAVEFORM RETRACKING ANALYSES OF JASON-2 SATELLITE IN JAVA SEA

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.28930/jitkt.v7i2.11254 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad R. Hakim ◽

Bisman Nababan ◽

James P. Panjaitan

Keyword(s):

Coastal Region ◽

Geoid Undulation ◽

Sea Surface Height ◽

Sea Surface ◽

North Coast ◽

The North ◽

Type D ◽

Waveform Retracking ◽

Java Sea ◽

Reflected Signal

A waveform created by the reflected signal from altimeter satellite in offshore is generally in ideal shape (Brown-waveform) and produces an accurate sea surface height (SSH) estimation. However, over coastal waters, the waveform shape becomes complex due to a disruption by reflected signal from land, resulting inaccurate SSH estimation. The objective of this research was to improve the accuracy of SSH estimation employing waveform retracking analyses of Jason-2 altimeter satellite data in the Java Sea during the years of 2012-2014. This study used data from the Sensor Geophysical Data Record type D (SGDR-D) from Jason-2 satellite (cycle 129 - 239) and global geoid undulation data of Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM08). Waveform retracking analyses were conducted using several retracker methods. The performance of the all retrackers were examined using a world reference undulation geoid of EGM08. The results showed that the waveform retracking analyses were able to improve the accuracy of SSH estimation approximately 29.7% in the north coast and 56.4% in the south coast of total non-Brown-waveform in each region. Higher improvement percentage (IMP) of SSH estimation found in the southern coastal areas was due to a relatively smooth coastline formation in this region than in northern coastal region. There was no specific retracker that produce dominant IMP of SSH estimation. However, the threshold 10% retracker produced better SSH estimation than the other retrackers with dominant IMP values of 57.1% (pass 051), 48.1% (pass 064), and 25.7% (pass 127). OCOG retracker the worst retracker to estimate SSH in the Java Sea. Keywords: EGM08, waveform retracking, SSH, Jason-2, ocean retracker, threshold retracker

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Rainwater in Egypt: quantity, distribution and harvesting

Mediterranean Marine Science ◽

10.12681/mms.75 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 245 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

H.I. ABDEL-SHAFY ◽

A.A. EL-SAHARTY ◽

M. REGELSBERGER ◽

C. PLATZER

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Cost Effective ◽

North Coast ◽

Annual Average ◽

The North ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Annual Amount ◽

Innovative Techniques

Egypt has limited water resources, and it will be under water stress within the year 2030. Therefore, Egypt should consider the natural and non-conventional water resources to overcome such problem. Rain harvesting is one solution; but not all; particularly on the north coast by the Mediterranean Sea and the Red sea. In this paper, the rainwater issue is reviewed and discussed in terms of the quantities and distribution at different selected areas in Egypt. The amount of rain falls at different location in Egypt was collected for a period of 16 months. The data indicated that rainfall in Egypt is very scarce, with an annual average of 12 mm and ranges from 0 mm/year in the desert to 200 mm/year in the north coastal region. The maximum total amount of rain does not exceed 1.8 billion m3per year. However, the average annual amount of rainfall water that is effectively utilized for agriculture purposes is estimated to be 1 billion m3. Harvesting pilot plant was constructed and implemented in Alexandria directly on the Mediterranean Sea. The harvested rain was used for irrigation and treated for drinking. It was, therefore, recommended to develop sustainable catchments at appropriate locations in the rain-fed areas at the north coast as well as cost effective grafting of the indigenous technologies with the innovative techniques.

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ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT ON SEA SURFACE HEIGHT ESTIMATION BASED ON WAVEFORM RETRACKING ANALYSES OF JASON-2 SATELLITE IN JAVA SEA

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.29244/jitkt.v7i2.11254 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Muhammad R. Hakim ◽

Bisman Nababan ◽

James P. Panjaitan

Keyword(s):

Coastal Region ◽

Geoid Undulation ◽

Sea Surface Height ◽

Sea Surface ◽

North Coast ◽

The North ◽

Type D ◽

Waveform Retracking ◽

Java Sea ◽

Reflected Signal

A waveform created by the reflected signal from altimeter satellite in offshore is generally in ideal shape (Brown-waveform) and produces an accurate sea surface height (SSH) estimation. However, over coastal waters, the waveform shape becomes complex due to a disruption by reflected signal from land, resulting inaccurate SSH estimation. The objective of this research was to improve the accuracy of SSH estimation employing waveform retracking analyses of Jason-2 altimeter satellite data in the Java Sea during the years of 2012-2014. This study used data from the Sensor Geophysical Data Record type D (SGDR-D) from Jason-2 satellite (cycle 129 - 239) and global geoid undulation data of Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM08). Waveform retracking analyses were conducted using several retracker methods. The performance of the all retrackers were examined using a world reference undulation geoid of EGM08. The results showed that the waveform retracking analyses were able to improve the accuracy of SSH estimation approximately 29.7% in the north coast and 56.4% in the south coast of total non-Brown-waveform in each region. Higher improvement percentage (IMP) of SSH estimation found in the southern coastal areas was due to a relatively smooth coastline formation in this region than in northern coastal region. There was no specific retracker that produce dominant IMP of SSH estimation. However, the threshold 10% retracker produced better SSH estimation than the other retrackers with dominant IMP values of 57.1% (pass 051), 48.1% (pass 064), and 25.7% (pass 127). OCOG retracker the worst retracker to estimate SSH in the Java Sea. Keywords: EGM08, waveform retracking, SSH, Jason-2, ocean retracker, threshold retracker

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Hourly Analyses of the Large Storms and Atmospheric Rivers that Provide Most of California’s Precipitation in Only 10 to 100 Hours per Year

San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science ◽

10.15447/sfews.2018v16iss4art1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Maryam Lamjiri ◽

Michael Dettinger ◽

F. Martin Ralph ◽

Nina Oakley ◽

Jonathan Rutz

Keyword(s):

San Francisco ◽

Sierra Nevada ◽

Southern California ◽

Extreme Rainfall ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

North Coast ◽

Northern California ◽

Rainfall Events ◽

Atmospheric Rivers ◽

The North

California is regularly impacted by floods and droughts, primarily as a result of too many or too few atmospheric rivers (ARs). This study analyzes a two-decade-long hourly precipitation dataset from 176 California weather stations and a 3-hourly AR chronology to report variations in rainfall events across California and their association with ARs. On average, 10-40 and 60-120 hours of rainfall in southern and northern California, respectively, are responsible for more than half of annual rainfall accumulations. Approximately 10-30% of annual precipitation at locations across the state is from only one large storm. On average, northern California receives 25-45 rainfall events annually (40-50% of which are AR-related). These events typically have longer durations and higher event-precipitation totals than those in southern California. Northern California also receives more AR landfalls with longer durations and stronger Integrated Vapor Transport (IVT). On average, ARs contribute 79%, 76%, and 68% of extreme-rainfall accumulations (i.e., top 5% events annually) in the north coast, northern Sierra, and Transverse Ranges of southern California, respectively. The San Francisco Bay Area terrain gap in the California Coast Range allows more AR water vapor to reach inland over the Delta and Sacramento Valley, and thus, influences precipitation in the Delta’s catchment. This is particularly important for extreme precipitation in the northern Sierra Nevada, including river basins above Oroville Dam and Shasta Dam. This study highlights differences between rainfall and AR characteristics in coastal versus inland northern California, differences that largely determine the regional geography of flood risks and water-reliability. These analyses support water resource, flood, levee, wetland, and ecosystem management within the catchment of the San Francisco estuary system by describing regional characteristics of ARs and their influence on rainfall on an hourly timescale.

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Analysis of Variance and Correlation Study of Chlorophyll-a in North and South Coast of Lombok Island Using Aqua MODIS Image Data

Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.13170/aijst.9.2.16468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 102-110

Author(s):

Hendrata Wibisana ◽

Siti Zainab ◽

Zetta Rasullia Kamandang ◽

Muhammad Rusdi

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Image Data ◽

South Coast ◽

North Coast ◽

The North ◽

Modis Image ◽

North And South ◽

Lombok Island

Chlorophyll-a mapping is widely used in the coastal environment. The mapping results can be utilized as guidance for fishing activities. The presence of chlorophyll-a in phytoplankton is much investigated concerning the existence of fish as a source of livelihood for fishermen around the globe. One method extensively developed is the use of satellite imagery to map the chlorophyll-content in the coastal region from a small area to a global scale, such as Aqua MODIS image data. This study aims to monitor the distribution of chlorophyll-a on the north coast and south coast of Lombok island. Analysis of variance and parametric statistical tests with t-distribution was utilized to examine the correlation between the two types of chlorophyll-a distribution of the coast area, Lombok Island. The result shows that the distribution of chlorophyll-a concentrations on the north coast and the south of the coast is not the same abundance; the south coast of Lombok island has smaller variances, with the concentration distribution is relatively the same. It differs from the north part; the distribution shows less diversity. This result indicates that a reasonably wide interval wherein some coordinates has a relatively diffuse chlorophyll-a concentration with a sufficiently high distribution level. Analysis of variance result also shows that both the north and south coasts have different fertility levels for their coastal waters, which are characterized by the growth rate of chlorophyll-a on the surface water along the coastal region examined

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Wave driven Setup across the North Coast Region of West Java

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/925/1/012052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 925 (1) ◽

pp. 012052

Author(s):

J Risandi ◽

W S Pranowo ◽

A R T D Kuswardani ◽

S Husrin ◽

T Solihuddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surf Zone ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Field Studies ◽

North Coast ◽

West Java ◽

Offshore Area ◽

Wave Setup ◽

The North ◽

The Waves ◽

Coast Region

Abstract Wave energy dissipation on the surf zone is compensated with the increase of mean sea level, the so-called wave setup, within the area. This study used the numerical model Delft3D to investigate the dynamics of setup across the north coast region of West Java (Losari to Indramayu) influenced by monsoon variations. The wave forcing was obtained from previous field studies on Cirebon coastal region. The waves within the region were largely dissipated far from the coastline, mainly at the area between Babakan and Karangampel, due to the gentle slope of the North coast of Java. The waves approaching the shoreline were mainly influenced by the east monsoon associated with the longer fetch from that direction. The wave setup varied from ~0.03 to 0.15 m, with the maximum setup occurred near the coastline of the east (Losari) and west (Indramayu) parts of the model domain that consisted of steeper slopes. This, potentially inducing severe coastal inundation that became a serious problem across the coastlines. Meanwhile, the setup near the coastline of the middle area of the domain (Babakan to Karangampel) was very weak, which was correlated to the larger wave dissipation within the offshore area of that region.

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Population structure of lamp shells (Brachiopoda: Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801) in Aceh Northern Shore, Indonesia

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/869/1/012014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 869 (1) ◽

pp. 012014

Author(s):

C Octavina ◽

M Ulfah ◽

N Nurfadillah ◽

S Agustina ◽

J Niwatana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Sampling Method ◽

North Coast ◽

Tolerance Limits ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

The North ◽

Sampling Locations ◽

Northern Shore

Abstract This study aimed to determine the population structure of Lingula sp. in the Aceh northern shore. This research uses purposive sampling method where the sampling locations at Ujong Pancu beach, Kuala Cangkoi beach, Syiah Kuala beach and Alue Naga beach. Sampling was carried out using a quadratic transect (1x1 m) with three stations at each location. The results showed that there is one type of Brachiopods, namely the genus Lingula (Bruguière 1791), species Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801 which are scattered on the north coast of Aceh. Overall, the abundance of L. anatina was quite high at each location, especially at Kuala Cangkoi beach (2.43 ind/m2), while the lowest abundance was found at Ujong Pancu beach (1,11 ind/m2). In addition, it was also found that L. anatina had a similarity distribution on the Aceh northern shore. The existence of L. anatina on the Aceh northern shore is very dependent on good environmental conditions, in general, the quality of the waters of Aceh northern shore is still within the tolerance limits of these biota. Therefore, population structure of L. anatina is stable, so that this biota resource must continue to be considered and managed properly.

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MBAH HENDRO KUSUMO BIN SYECH AHMAD MUTAMAKKIN: JEJAK SYIAR ISLAM DI WILAYAH PATI

EMPIRISMA ◽

10.30762/empirisma.v27i2.1448 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Fathimatuz Zahra Dan Abdul Azis

Keyword(s):

Central Region ◽

Marital Relationship ◽

Southern Region ◽

North Coast ◽

The North ◽

Trace Back ◽

Northern Regions ◽

The One

Pati is a region on the north coast, according to the hypothesis of the researcher, the region is divided into three categories. The northern regions are more religious, the central is more plural, while the southern region is in the middle. In the central region there are many relics of tombs believed to be the those of the Muslim proselytizers in the area of Pati. The one that attracts the researcher is a tomb in the Gambiran area, where there are five local Muslim saints buried, one of them belons to mbah Hendro Kusumo, the son of Syech Ahmad Mutamakkin. This article attempts to trace back the spreading of Islam in Pati based on the existence of thetomb of Mbah Hendro Kusumo. It wants to answer question of whethere the existence of his tomb is due to his studying there or marital relationship, and how it relates to the spreading of Islam.Keywords: Mbah Hendro Kusumo, Traces of Islamic Dakwah, Islam

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Ketilidian structure and the rapakivi suite between Lindenow Fjord and Kap Farvel, South-East Greenland

Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin ◽

10.34194/ggub.v186.5215 ◽

2000 ◽

pp. 50-59

Author(s):

Brian Chadwick ◽

Adam A. Garde ◽

John Grocott ◽

Ken J.W. McCaffrey ◽

Mike A. Hamilton

Keyword(s):

Coastal Region ◽

Field Work ◽

Natural Environment Research Council ◽

East Greenland ◽

The North ◽

Tectonic Processes ◽

Field Investigations ◽

North Eastern ◽

Bad Weather ◽

North Eastern Part

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Chadwick, B., Garde, A. A., Grocott, J., McCaffrey, K. J., & Hamilton, M. A. (2000). Ketilidian structure and the rapakivi suite between Lindenow Fjord and Kap Farvel, South-East Greenland. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 186, 50-59. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v186.5215 _______________ The southern tip of Greenland is underlain by the Palaeoproterozoic Ketilidian orogen (e.g. Chadwick & Garde 1996; Garde et al. 1998a). Field investigations in the summer of 1999 were focused on the structure of migmatites (metatexites) and garnetiferous granites (diatexites) of the Pelite Zone in the coastal region of South-East Greenland between Lindenow Fjord and Kap Farvel (Figs 1, 2). Here, we first address the tectonic evolution in the Pelite Zone in that region and its correlation with that in the Psammite Zone further north. Then, the structure and intrusive relationships of the rapakivi suite in the Pelite Zone are discussed, including particular reference to the interpretation of the controversial outcrop on Qernertoq (Figs 2, 8). Studies of the structure of the north-eastern part of the Julianehåb batholith around Qulleq were continued briefly from 1998 but are not addressed here (Fig. 1; Garde et al. 1999). The field study was keyed to an interpretation of the Ketilidian orogen as a whole, including controls of rates of thermal and tectonic processes in convergent settings. Earlier Survey field work (project SUPRASYD, 1992–1996) had as its principal target an evaluation of the economic potential of the orogen (Nielsen et al. 1993). Ensuing plate-tectonic studies were mainly funded in 1997–1998 by Danish research foundations and in 1999 by the Natural Environment Research Council, UK. The five-week programme in 1999 was seriously disrupted by bad weather, common in this part of Greenland, and our objectives were only just achieved. Telestation Prins Christian Sund was the base for our operations (Fig. 2), which were flown with a small helicopter (Hughes MD-500).

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4 The Tyara Site

Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology ◽

10.1017/s0081130000003257 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 44-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William E. Taylor

Keyword(s):

Sandy Beach ◽

North Coast ◽

National Museum ◽

The West ◽

Rock Outcrops ◽

Small Boat ◽

The North

The Tyara site, KkFb-7 in the National Museum catalogue and site file, faces the north coast of the Ungava mainland and rests on the west shore of Sugluk Island (Fig. 1). That island stands about five hundred yards from the mainland and from Sugluk Inlet, one of the few good harbors on that coast. This handsome little island, about one and one-half miles long and as wide, consists of rounded, rugged, hardrock hills that shelter well-vegetated, generally flat-floored valleys. The valleys often contain marshy patches. The shore, of variable incline, is quite jagged, a result of abrupt rock outcrops projecting seaward from brief stretches of sandy beach. The shore facing the mainland is, therefore, quite convenient for small boat use. Dark grey gneisses seem to predominate, although they are often cut by dykes and veins of lighter material, notably quartz. The dense, green valley and hillside vegetation includes willows, mosses, grasses, lichens, and a pleasant profusion of arctic wild flowers (Polunin 1948, Pt. III). I was told at Sugluk that at the head of the inlet, willows, growing in protected situations, reach the thickness of a man's wrist.

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