Thermal and Thermomechanical Properties of Poly(butylene succinate) Nanocomposites

This article describes the thermal and thermomechanical properties of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and its nanocomposites. PBS nanocomposites with three different weight ratios of organically modified synthetic fluorine mica (OMSFM) have been prepared by melt-mixing in a batch mixer at 140 °C. The structure and morphology of the nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations that reveal the homogeneous dispersion of the intercalated silicate layers into the PBS matrix. The thermal properties of pure PBS and the nanocomposite samples were studied by both conventional and temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses, which show multiple melting behavior of the PBS matrix. The investigation of the thermomechanical properties was performed by dynamic mechanical analysis. Results reveal significant improvement in the storage modulus of neat PBS upon addition of OMSFM. The tensile modulus of neat PBS is also increased substantially with the addition of OMSFM, however, the strength at yield and elongation at break of neat PBS systematically decreases with the loading of OMSFM. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites compared to that of the pure polymer sample was examined under both pyrolytic and thermooxidative environments. It is shown that the thermal stability of PBS is increased moderately in the presence of 3 wt% of OMSFM, but there is no significant effect on further silicate loading in the oxidative environment. In the nitrogen environment, however, the thermal stability systematically decreases with increasing clay loading.

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Effect of Sr2TiMnO6 fillers on mechanical, dielectric and thermal behaviour of PMMA polymer

Journal of Advanced Dielectrics ◽

10.1142/s2010135x15500186 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 05 (03) ◽

pp. 1550018 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

P. Thomas ◽

B. S. Dakshayini ◽

H. S. Kushwaha ◽

Rahul Vaish

Keyword(s):

Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽

Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Melt Mixing ◽

Transition Formula ◽

Thermal Stability Of ◽

Pmma Polymer

Composites of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and [Formula: see text] (STMO) were fabricated via melt mixing followed by hot pressing technique. These were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo mechanical analysis (TMA) and impedance analyser for their structural, thermal and dielectric properties. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was measured between 40°C and 100°C for pure PMMA is 115.2 ppm/°C, which was decreased to 78.58 ppm/°C when the STMO content was increased to 50 wt.% in PMMA. There was no difference in the glass transition ([Formula: see text]) temperature of the PMMA polymer and their composites. However, the FTIR analysis indicated possible interaction between the PMMA and STMO. The density and the hardness were increased as the STMO content increased in the PMMA matrix. Permittivity was found to be as high as 30.9 at 100 Hz for the PMMA+STMO-50 wt.% composites, indicating the possibility of using these materials for capacitor applications. The thermal stability of polymer was enhanced by incorporation of STMO fillers.

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Effect of Compatibilizer on the Interface Bonding of Graphene Oxide/Polypropylene Composite Fibers

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym10111283 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1283 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Miao Miao ◽

Chunyan Wei ◽

Ying Wang ◽

Yongfang Qian

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Loss Modulus ◽

Composite Fiber ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Interfacial Bonding ◽

Composite Fibers ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Blending Method ◽

Thermal Stability Of

To improve the interfacial bonding and thermal stability of graphene oxide (GO)/polypropylene (PP) composite fibers, a composite fiber with PP as the matrix, GO as reinforcement and maleic anhydride-grafted PP (PP-g-MAH) as a compatibilizer was prepared by a simple and efficient melt-blending method. The GO content was 0.0–5.0 wt %. According to the Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy results, the interfacial bonding in the PP/MAH/GO composite fibers was improved. The Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) results show that the addition of GO resulted in better interfacial adhesion and higher storage modulus (E′). The loss modulus (E′′) of the PP/MAH/GO-x composite fibers increased with increasing amount of added GO, whereas the loss factor (tan δ) decreased. GO and PP-g-MAH were analyzed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The thermal stability of the composite fibers was improved compared to PP. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the addition of PP-g-MAH to the composite fiber improved the interfacial bonding of GO in the PP matrix. Thus, compatibility between the two components was obtained. Based on the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) results, the PP fibers exhibited relative orientation due to the strong crystalline morphology. The rough section, PP/GO blend fiber exhibits a very clear phase separation morphology due to the incompatibility between the two and the compatibility of GO and PP in PP/MAH/GO-3 composite fiber is improved, resulting in the interface between the two has improved.

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Electrospun Silk-Boron Nitride Nanofibers with Tunable Structure and Properties

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12051093 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1093

Author(s):

Ye Xue ◽

Xiao Hu

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Boron Nitride ◽

Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽

Environmental Research ◽

Strong Interactions ◽

Helical Structures ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Good Thermal Stability ◽

Thermal Stability Of

In this study, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets and Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) proteins were combined and electrospun into BNSF nanofibers with different ratios. It was found that the surface morphology and crosslinking density of the nanofibers can be tuned through the mixing ratios. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study showed that pure SF electrospun fibers were dominated by random coils and they gradually became α-helical structures with increasing h-BN nanosheet content, which indicates that the structure of the nanofiber material is tunable. Thermal stability of electrospun BNSF nanofibers were largely improved by the good thermal stability of BN, and the strong interactions between BN and SF molecules were revealed by temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC). With the addition of BN, the boundary water content also decreased, which may be due to the high hydrophobicity of BN. These results indicate that silk-based BN composite nanofibers can be potentially used in biomedical fields or green environmental research.

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Thermal stability of segmented polyurethane elastomers reinforced by clay particles

Hemijska industrija ◽

10.2298/hemind0906621p ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 621-628 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jelena Pavlicevic ◽

Jaroslava Budinski-Simendic ◽

Mészáros Szécsényi ◽

Nada Lazic ◽

Milena Spirkova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Chain Extender ◽

Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Polyurethane Elastomers ◽

Oh Groups ◽

Clay Nanoparticles ◽

Thermal Stability Of

The aim of this work was to determine the influence of clay nanoparticles on thermal properties of segmented polyurethanes based on hexamethylene- diisocyanate, aliphatic polycarbonate diol and 1,4-butanediol as chain extender. The organically modified particles of montmorillonite and bentonite were used as reinforcing fillers. The structure of elastomeric materials was varied either by diol type or chain extender content. The ratio of OH groups from diol and chain extender (R) was either 1 or 10. Thermal properties of prepared materials were determined using modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). Thermal stability of obtained elastomers has been studied by simultaneously thermogravimetry coupled with DSC. The glass transition temperature, Tg, of soft segments for all investigated samples was about -33?C. On the basis of DTG results, it was concluded that obtained materials were very stable up to 300?C.

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Exploring the Effects of MXene on Nonisothermal Crystallization and Melting Behavior of β-Nucleated Isotactic Polypropylene

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13213815 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 3815

Author(s):

Wanxin Peng ◽

Furui Sun ◽

Yuke Liang ◽

Jian Kang ◽

Jinyao Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Isotactic Polypropylene ◽

Isothermal Crystallization ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Melting Behavior ◽

Polymorphic Behavior ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Cooling Rates ◽

Thermal Stability Of

In this study, one of the commonly used MXene (Ti3C2Tx) and β nucleated isotactic polypropylene (β-iPP)/MXene composites of different compositions were fabricated. The effects of MXene on non-isothermal crystallization and polymorphic behavior of β-iPP/MXene composites were comparatively studied. The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics indicates that for all samples, the lower cooling rates promote composites to crystallize at higher temperatures. When MXene and β-Nucleating agent (β-NA) are added separately, the crystallization temperature of composites shifts towards higher temperatures at all cooling rates. When MXene and β-NA are added simultaneously, the composite shows different cooling rate dependence, and the effects of improving crystallization temperatures is more obvious under rapid cooling. The activation energy of four samples iPP, iPP/MXene, iPP/β-NA, and iPP/MXene/β-NA were −167.5, −185.5, −233.8, and −218.1 kJ/mol respectively, which agree with the variation tendency of crystallization temperatures. The polymorphic behavior analysis obtained from Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) is affected by two factors: the ability to form β-crystals and the thermal stability of β-crystals. Because β-crystals tend to recrystallize to α-crystals below a critical temperature, to eliminate the effect of β-α recrystallization, the melting curves at end temperatures Tend = 50 °C and Tend = 100 °C are comparatively studied. The results show that more thermally unstable β-crystals would participate in β-α recrystallization with higher cooling rates. Moreover, thermal stability of β-crystals is improved by adding MXene. To further verify these findings, samples of three different thermal conditions were synthesized and analyzed by DSC, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Polarized Light Optical Microscopy (PLOM), and the results were consistent with the above findings. New understandings of synthesizing β-iPP/MXene composites with adjustable morphologies and polymorphic behavior were proposed.

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Investigating Physio-Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane and Thermoplastics Nanocomposite in Various Applications

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13152467 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 2467

Author(s):

Tyser Allami ◽

Ahmed Alamiery ◽

Mohamed H. Nassir ◽

Amir H. Kadhum

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Electrical Properties ◽

Hard Segment ◽

Soft Segment ◽

Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Strain Behavior ◽

Phase Separation Kinetics ◽

Thermal Stability Of

The effect of the soft and hard polyurethane (PU) segments caused by the hydrogen link in phase-separation kinetics was studied to investigate the morphological annealing of PU and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The significance of the segmented PUs is to achieve enough stability for further applications in biomedical and environmental fields. In addition, other research focuses on widening the plastic features and adjusting the PU–polyimide ratio to create elastomer of the poly(urethane-imide). Regarding TPU- and PU-nanocomposite, numerous studies investigated the incorporation of inorganic nanofillers such as carbon or clay to incorporating TPU-nanocomposite in several applications. Additionally, the complete exfoliation was observed up to 5% and 3% of TPU–clay modified with 12 amino lauric acid and benzidine, respectively. PU-nanocomposite of 5 wt.% Cloisite®30B showed an increase in modulus and tensile strength by 110% and 160%, respectively. However, the nanocomposite PU-0.5 wt.% Carbone Nanotubes (CNTs) show an increase in the tensile modulus by 30% to 90% for blown and flat films, respectively. Coating PU influences stress-strain behavior because of the interaction between the soft segment and physical crosslinkers. The thermophysical properties of the TPU matrix have shown two glass transition temperatures (Tg’s) corresponding to the soft and the hard segment. Adding a small amount of tethered clay shifts Tg for both segments by 44 °C and 13 °C, respectively, while adding clay from 1 to 5 wt.% results in increasing the thermal stability of TPU composite from 12 to 34 °C, respectively. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to investigate the phase structure of PU dispersion, showing an increase in thermal stability, solubility, and flexibility. Regarding the electrical properties, the maximum piezoresistivity (10 S/m) of 7.4 wt.% MWCNT was enhanced by 92.92%. The chemical structure of the PU–CNT composite has shown a degree of agglomeration under disruption of the sp2 carbon structure. However, with extended graphene loading to 5.7 wt.%, piezoresistivity could hit 10-1 S/m, less than 100 times that of PU. In addition to electrical properties, the acoustic behavior of MWCNT (0.35 wt.%)/SiO2 (0.2 wt.%)/PU has shown sound absorption of 80 dB compared to the PU foam sample. Other nanofillers, such as SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, were studied showing an improvement in the thermal stability of the polymer and enhancing scratch and abrasion resistance.

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Studies on a Miscible Polyimide Blend

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1088/0954-0083/9/3/006 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 263-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

J A Campbell ◽

A A Goodwin ◽

F W Mercer ◽

V Reddy

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽

Physical Aging ◽

Adhesive Bond ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Adhesive Properties ◽

Dynamic Mechanical ◽

Thermal Stability Of

Blends of polyimides XU-218 and PEI were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and adhesive bond testing. The thermal stability of the blends increased as the proportion of PEI increased while the α-relaxation of the blends occurred at a slower rate and was broader and more cooperative in some blends, compared with the pure polymers. Physical aging of the pure polymers and blends in the glass state revealed changes in relaxation rate and lost enthalpy that were also consistent with blends not behaving as simple mixtures. The dynamic mechanical and physical aging behaviour was attributed to an increase in density on blending which decreased the unoccupied volume and increased the constraints on molecular mobility, as well as to the presence of concentration fluctuations. The adhesive properties of the blends were also investigated and bond strength was found to vary with blend composition and test temperature.

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Poly(etheretherketone)/Poly(ethersulfone) Blends with Phenolphthalein: Miscibility, Thermomechanical Properties, Crystallization and Morphology

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13091466 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 1466

Author(s):

Adrian Korycki ◽

Christian Garnier ◽

Amandine Abadie ◽

Valerie Nassiet ◽

Charles Tarek Sultan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Interfacial Adhesion ◽

Morphological Analysis ◽

Condensation Reaction ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Thermomechanical Properties ◽

Glass Transitions ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Melt Mixing ◽

Spherical Domains

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)/polyethersulfone (PES) blends are initially not miscible, except when the blends are prepared by solvent mixing. We propose a route to elaborate PEEK/PES blends with partial miscibility by melt mixing at 375 °C with phenolphthalein. The miscibility of blends has been examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA). When adding phenolphthalein to PEEK/PES blends, the glass transitions are shifted inward as an indication of miscibility. We suggest that phenolphthalein acts as a compatibilizer by creating cardo side groups on PEEK and PES chains by nucleophilic substitution in the melted state, although this condensation reaction was reported only in the solvent until now. In addition, phenolphthalein acts as a plasticizer for PES by decreasing its glass transition. As a consequence, the PEEK phase is softened which favors the crystallization as the increase of crystalline rate. Due to aromatic moieties in phenolphthalein, the storage modulus of blends in the glassy region is kept identical to pure PEEK. The morphological analysis by SEM pictures displays nano- to microsized PES spherical domains in the PEEK matrix with improved PEEK/PES interfacial adhesion.

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Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin with Multifunctional Polyamine Curing Agent

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.1374 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 744-746 ◽

pp. 1374-1377

Author(s):

Xi Wang

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Diglycidyl Ether ◽

Curing Agent ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Good Thermal Stability ◽

Dynamic Mechanical ◽

Glass Relaxation ◽

Thermal Stability Of

A nonlinear multifunctional polyamine N,N,N’,N’-tetra (3-aminopropyl)-1,6-diamino-hexane (TADH), was prepared and employed as a novel hardener for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). Nonisothermal reactions of DGEBA/TADH were systematically investigated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In addition, analysis of thermal stability of the cured DGEBA/TADH with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that it possessed quite good thermal stability and increased residual char content at 600◦C in nitrogen. Furthermore, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of the DGEBA/TADH network showed its relaxations were characterized by localized motions of hydroxyl ether segments and cooperative motions of whole network chains (glass relaxation) at different temperature regions.

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Effect of Rubber Contents on Tribological and Thermomechanical Properties of Polybenzoxazine

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.576.75 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 576 ◽

pp. 75-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chanchira Jubsilp ◽

Sarawut Rimdusit ◽

Tsutomu Takeichi

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Glass Transition ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Thermomechanical Properties ◽

Flexural Property ◽

Test Machine ◽

Thermal Stability Of ◽

Ball On Disc

Bisphenol-A/aniline based polybenzoxazine (PBZ) modified with amine terminated butadiene–acrylonitrile (ATBN) were prepared. The tribological and thermomechanical properties as well as thermal stability of the PBZ/ATBN copolymers were investigated by ball-on-disc tribometer, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), universal test machine and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The inclusion of ATBN at a mass fraction of 5% was found to greatly increase friction coefficient and wear resistance of the copolymers. DMA measurements showed that the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature of the PBZ can be maintained with an addition of ATBN in the range of 1-5wt%. Moreover, flexural property measurements indicated that the flexural strength of the copolymer increased with increasing of ATBN content up to 10wt% whereas TGA results revealed that an increase of the PBZ content can help improve thermal stability of the copolymers.

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