Significant Enhancement of the Adhesion Properties of Chemically Functionalized Polypropylene

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1699-1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoungsang Lee ◽  
Jun Hyuk Heo ◽  
Jin Woong Lee ◽  
Hui Hun Cho ◽  
Jung Heon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Chemical Crosslinking ◽  
Organosilicon Compounds ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Epoxy Adhesives ◽  
Amine Functionalized ◽  
Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether

Organosilicon compounds have been actively used with nano- and micro-fillers to improve the adhesion and mechanical properties. However, studies on the adhesion properties of polymeric materials, such as polypropylene (PP), functionalized with organosilicon compounds are limited. Here, we investigated the adhesion of organosilanized PP substrates, functionalized using (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS) as coupling agents, with epoxy adhesives. The curing of epoxy-functionalized PP (PP-EPOXY) with triethylenetetramine (TETA) hardener led to the chemical crosslinking of TETA with PP-EPOXY, as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and vacuum Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Similarly, the curing of amine-functionalized PP (PP-NH2) with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) epoxy resin led to the chemical crosslinking of the resin with PP-NH2. Finally, we measured the adhesion properties of the functionalized PP substrates using an adhesive composed of DGEBA and TETA based on ASTM D3163 and observed that the shear strength of PP-EPOXY and PP-NH2 increased significantly up to 580% and 506% as compared with that of bare PP. These results strongly suggest that the functionalization of PP significantly contributes to the improvement of adhesion with an adhesive.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Phosphorus-Containing Polyanilines by Electrochemical Copolymerization

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Andrés Felipe Quintero-Jaime ◽  
Francisco Huerta ◽  
Diego Cazorla-Amorós ◽  
Emilia Morallón
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Electroactive Polymers ◽  
Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Copolymerization ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Redox Transitions ◽  
Acid Stable

In this study, the phosphonation of a polyaniline (PANI) backbone was achieved in an acid medium by electrochemical methods using aminophenylphosphonic (APPA) monomers. This was done through the electrochemical copolymerization of aniline with either 2- or 4-aminophenylphosphonic acid. Stable, electroactive polymers were obtained after the oxidation of the monomers up to 1.35 V (reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed that the position of the phosphonic group in the aromatic ring of the monomer affected the amount of phosphorus incorporated into the copolymer. In addition, the redox transitions of the copolymers were examined by in situ Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and it was concluded that their electroactive structures were analogous to those of PANI. From the APPA monomers it was possible to synthesize, in a controlled manner, polymeric materials with significant amounts of phosphorus in their structure through copolymerization with PANI.

scholarly journals Functionalization of Neutral Polypropylene by Using Low Pressure Plasma Treatment: Effects on Surface Characteristics and Adhesion Properties

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Mandolfino ◽  
Enrico Lertora ◽  
Carla Gambaro ◽  
Marco Pizzorni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Low Pressure Plasma

Polyolefins are considered among the most difficult polymeric materials to treat because they have poor adhesive properties and high chemical barrier responses. In this paper, an in-depth study is reported for the low pressure plasma (LPP) treatment of neutral polypropylene to improve adhesion properties. Changes in wettability, chemical species, surface morphology and roughness of the polypropylene surfaces were evaluated by water contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and, furthermore, atomic force microscopy (AFM). Finally, the bonded joints were subjected to tensile tests, in order to evaluate the practical effect of changes in adhesion properties. The results indicate that plasma is an effective treatment for the surface preparation of polypropylene for the creation of bonded joints: contact angles decreased significantly depending on the plasma-parameter setup, surface morphology was also found to vary with plasma power, exposure time and working gas.

Evaluation of adhesion properties of lignin-epoxy adhesives in structural wood applications for automotive components

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-519
Author(s):  
A Aniol ◽  
T Grosse ◽  
F Fischer ◽  
S Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Adhesive ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
Epoxy Adhesives ◽  
Layer Composite ◽  
Bonding Area ◽  
Renewable Material

The use of sustainable hybrid components is an important topic in lightweight automotive applications. Wood being a renewable material, when used in combination with other materials such as technical polymers, offers a high potential for producing hybrid components and the implementation of innovative lightweight automotive materials. The feasibility of wood-based hybrid automotive components strongly depends on the properties of the interface between wood, lignin as a renewable coupling agent, and technical polymers. This paper investigates the macromolecular reactions and the bonding area in biobased epoxy adhesives for a specific influence on the performance of structural automotive wood components. Therefore, a typical bisphenol A diglycidyl ether epoxy adhesive was modified with lignosulphonate to increase the penetration depth. The composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to validate the crosslinking of the macromolecules and the thermal stability of the adhesive. In the next step, a layer-by-layer composite was built up with the biobased adhesive and 1 mm beech veneer. The bonding area was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and compression tests.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of POSS Modified Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhua Xue ◽  
Hao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Single Walled Carbon ◽  
Amine Functionalized ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Organic Solutions ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) decorated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) were synthesized via the amide linkages between the acid treated SWNTs and amine-functionalized POSS. The successful modification of SWNTs with POSS was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Vis spectra. The resulting SWNTs-POSS can be dispersed in both water and organic solutions. The biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the SWNTs and SWNTs-POSS were evaluated by CCK-8 viability assays, which indicated that SWNTs-POSS exhibit very extremely low toxicity. The low toxicity of the POSS modified SWNTs leads to more opportunities for using carbon nanotubes in biomedical fields.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of fire retarded polymeric materials

2002 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Duquesne ◽  
M Le Bras ◽  
C Jama ◽  
E.D Weil ◽  
L Gengembre
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
X Ray

Factors influencing timber gluability with one-part polyurethanes – studied with nine Australian timber species

Holzforschung ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Widsten ◽  
Voytek S. Gutowski ◽  
Sheng Li ◽  
Tony Cerra ◽  
Sharon Molenaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Sessile Drop Method ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyurethane Adhesives ◽  
Creep Loading

Abstract The bulk and surface properties of blocks of nine Australian wood species of commercial importance were investigated to elucidate the factors affecting timber gluability with structural one-component polyurethane adhesives. Cross-lap joints were prepared from freshly sanded blocks and the joints were subjected to creep loading in a condensing humidity environment. The median tensile strength (MTS) of the joints was found to improve with decreasing phenolic extractives content, lower timber density and decreasing lipophilic surface extractives content. The latter was assessed from O/C atomic ratios of the timber surfaces determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The content of bulk lipophilic extractives and lignins and wettability of the surface as determined by the sessile drop method did not reveal significant correlations with the adhesion properties. The adhesion tests indicated significant gluability differences between the species investigated.

scholarly journals Porphyrin–Nanodiamond Hybrid Materials—Active, Stable and Reusable Cyclohexene Oxidation Catalysts

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Lucas D. Dias ◽  
Fábio M. S. Rodrigues ◽  
Mário J. F. Calvete ◽  
Sónia A. C. Carabineiro ◽  
Marisa D. Scherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Allylic Oxidation ◽  
Reusable Catalyst ◽  
Turnover Number ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Amine Functionalized ◽  
Major Loss ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Catalytic Cycles

The quest for active, yet “green” non-toxic catalysts is a continuous challenge. In this work, covalently linked hybrid porphyrin–nanodiamonds were prepared via ipso nitro substitution reaction and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fluorescence spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The amine-functionalized nanodiamonds (ND@NH2) and 2-nitro-5,10,15,20-tetra(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)porphyrin covalently linked to nanodiamonds (ND@βNH-TPPpCF3) were tested using Allium cepa as a plant model, and showed neither phytotoxicity nor cytotoxicity. The hybrid nanodiamond–copper(II)–porphyrin material ND@βNH-TPPpCF3-Cu(II) was also evaluated as a reusable catalyst in cyclohexene allylic oxidation, and displayed a remarkable turnover number (TON) value of ≈265,000, using O2 as green oxidant, in the total absence of sacrificial additives, which is the highest activity ever reported for said allylic oxidation. Additionally, ND@βNH-TPPpCF3-Cu(II) could be easily separated from the reaction mixture by centrifugation, and reused in three consecutive catalytic cycles without major loss of activity.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Amine Functionalized Mesoporous Silicas Templated by Castor Oil for Transesterification

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (38) ◽  
pp. 2261-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elianaso Elimbinzi ◽  
Stephen S. Nyandoro ◽  
Egid B. Mubofu ◽  
Amin Osatiashtiani ◽  
Jinesh C. Manayil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Colloidal Dispersions ◽  
Mesoporous Silicas ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Amine Functionalized ◽  
Surface Basicity ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared

ABSTRACTMesoporous silicas were synthesized via a surfactant-templated sol-gel route using castor oil as the templating agent under acidic medium. The resulting silicas were subsequently amine functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (NH2-MTS), [3-(2-aminoethylamino)-propyl]trimethoxysilane (NN-MTS), and [3-(diethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane(DN-MTS) to introduce surface basicity. Surface physicochemical properties were characterized by field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), nitrogen porosimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). As-synthesised materials exhibit type IV adsorption-desorption isotherms characteristic of mesoporous structures. Clusters of spherical shaped materials were observed by FEGSEM, suggesting growth of silica occurs within colloidal dispersions. High-resolution N 1s XP spectra and DRIFT spectra confirmed the presence of amine groups in the organo-amine functionalised mesoporous silicas. The amine functionalised mesoporous silicas were active for the transesterification of tributyrin with methanol, with conversion found to increase from NH2-MTS< NN-MTS< DN-MTS.

scholarly journals Electrical Properties of Silver-Attached Amine Functionalized Carbon Black/Polyethylene Terephthalate Fibers Prepared by Melt-Spinning

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choi ◽  
Ahn ◽  
Lee ◽  
Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Conductive Filler ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Amine Functionalized ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Conductive Fibers

In this study, amine functionalized carbon black (ABCB) was synthesized using 4-aminobenzoic acid in a phosphoric acid (PPA)/phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) medium, and silver-attached carbon black (Ag-ABCB) was prepared by reducing AgNO3 with NaBH4 in the presence of ABCB in ethanol. Elemental, thermogravimetric, and Fourier transform-infrared analyses showed that carbon black (CB) had a well-functionalized 4-aminobenzoic acid. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to examine the crystal structure of Ag nanoparticles. Conductive fibers were prepared by melt-spinning using ABCB, Ag-ABCB as a conductive filler, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a polymer matrix. Results confirmed that the fiber that had Ag-ABCB as a conductive filler exhibited the best electrical conductivity. The dispersibility and morphology of the conductive filler in the PET matrix were confirmed through scanning electron microscopy analysis, and Ag-ABCB was the most uniformly dispersed filler in the PET matrix, with good structure.

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