Supercapacitance Property Study of 3D Open-Framework Prussian Blue in Neutral Electrolyte

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-446
Author(s):  
Wei Pan ◽  
Mu Zhang ◽  
Dongfeng Xue ◽  
Xudong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
One Step

Prussian blue is a kind compound with a consistent three-dimensional structure. Here we characterized a family of Prussian blue which could have reversible insertion of cations into materials. This study details comprehensive electrochemical property information about Prussian blue electrode materials and provides a method to evaluate a series of supercapacitor materials. These hexacyanoferrates were synthesized by one step precipitation method which was low cost. They exhibited extremely different apparent morphology in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image. And then these Prussian blue electrode materials were evaluated on room temperature for their electrochemical properties. They show a different specific capacitance and redox voltage. The kinetic study reveals reasons that influence the electrochemical properties of these active materials. First, the particle morphology has a great effect on it; Second, transition metal cations modify the C≡N bond connected with it and then influence the bond connected with the Fe atom.

High-crystallinity and high-rate Prussian blue analogues synthesized at oil-water interface

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceheng Duan ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Yujue Wang ◽  
Zhaokun Zhang ◽  
Yunchen Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Sodium Ion Batteries ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogues ◽  
Oil Water

Prussian blue and its analogues are considered to be cathode materials for practical application in sodium-ion batteries due to their open three-dimensional structure and low cost. However, PBAs synthesized by...

Molten salt synthesis of nitrogen doped porous carbon: a new preparation methodology for high-volumetric capacitance electrode materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (25) ◽  
pp. 9832-9843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Ouyang ◽  
Kui Cheng ◽  
Yinyi Gao ◽  
Shuying Kong ◽  
Ke Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Molten Salt Synthesis ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
One Step ◽  
Volumetric Capacitance

Here, a novel and one-step molten salt synthesis of three-dimensional, densely nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPC) material by using low-cost and eco-friendly tofu as the nitrogen-containing carbon source is proposed.

scholarly journals Organotrialkoxysilane-Functionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles-Mediated Fluorescence Sensing of Arsenic(III)

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Prem. C. Pandey ◽  
Shubhangi Shukla ◽  
Roger J. Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
Lattice Points ◽  
Radiative Energy ◽  
Fluorescence Sensing ◽  
Emission Signal ◽  
Prussian Blue Nanoparticles

Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBN) exhibit selective fluorescence quenching behavior with heavy metal ions; in addition, they possess characteristic oxidant properties both for liquid–liquid and liquid–solid interface catalysis. Here, we propose to study the detection and efficient removal of toxic arsenic(III) species by materializing these dual functions of PBN. A sophisticated PBN-sensitized fluorometric switching system for dosage-dependent detection of As3+ along with PBN-integrated SiO2 platforms as a column adsorbent for biphasic oxidation and elimination of As3+ have been developed. Colloidal PBN were obtained by a facile two-step process involving chemical reduction in the presence of 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl trimethoxysilane (EETMSi) and cyclohexanone as reducing agents, while heterogeneous systems were formulated via EETMSi, which triggered in situ growth of PBN inside the three-dimensional framework of silica gel and silica nanoparticles (SiO2). PBN-induced quenching of the emission signal was recorded with an As3+ concentration (0.05–1.6 ppm)-dependent fluorometric titration system, owing to the potential excitation window of PBN (at 480–500 nm), which ultimately restricts the radiative energy transfer. The detection limit for this arrangement is estimated around 0.025 ppm. Furthermore, the mesoporous and macroporous PBN-integrated SiO2 arrangements might act as stationary phase in chromatographic studies to significantly remove As3+. Besides physisorption, significant electron exchange between Fe3+/Fe2+ lattice points and As3+ ions enable complete conversion to less toxic As5+ ions with the repeated influx of mobile phase. PBN-integrated SiO2 matrices were successfully restored after segregating the target ions. This study indicates that PBN and PBN-integrated SiO2 platforms may enable straightforward and low-cost removal of arsenic from contaminated water.

scholarly journals A Thin Layer of Activated Carbon Deposited on Polyurethane Cube Leads to New Conductive Bioanode for (Plant) Microbial Fuel Cell

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Emilius Sudirjo ◽  
Paola Y. Constantino Diaz ◽  
Matteo Cociancich ◽  
Rens Lisman ◽  
Christian Snik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Electrochemically Active

Large-scale implementation of (plant) microbial fuel cells is greatly limited by high electrode costs. In this work, the potential of exploiting electrochemically active self-assembled biofilms in fabricating three-dimensional bioelectrodes for (plant) microbial fuel cells with minimum use of electrode materials was studied. Three-dimensional robust bioanodes were successfully developed with inexpensive polyurethane foams (PU) and activated carbon (AC). The PU/AC electrode bases were fabricated via a water-based sorption of AC particles on the surface of the PU cubes. The electrical current was enhanced by growth of bacteria on the PU/AC bioanode while sole current collectors produced minor current. Growth and electrochemical activity of the biofilm were shown with SEM imaging and DNA sequencing of the microbial community. The electric conductivity of the PU/AC electrode enhanced over time during bioanode development. The maximum current and power density of an acetate fed MFC reached 3 mA·m−2 projected surface area of anode compartment and 22 mW·m−3 anode compartment. The field test of the Plant-MFC reached a maximum performance of 0.9 mW·m−2 plant growth area (PGA) at a current density of 5.6 mA·m−2 PGA. A paddy field test showed that the PU/AC electrode was suitable as an anode material in combination with a graphite felt cathode. Finally, this study offers insights on the role of electrochemically active biofilms as natural enhancers of the conductivity of electrodes and as transformers of inert low-cost electrode materials into living electron acceptors.

THE FORWARD MAGNETOTELLURIC PROBLEM FOR AN INHOMOGENEOUS AND ANISOTROPIC STRUCTURE

Geophysics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavian Abramovici
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Conductivity Tensor ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Impedance Tensor ◽  
Variable Step Size ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Variable Step ◽  
One Step ◽  
Numerical Integration Procedure

The impedance tensor corresponding to the magnetotelluric field for a nonisotropic one‐dimensional structure is given in terms of the solutions of a sixth‐order differential system. The conductivity tensor is three‐dimensional. Its components depend upon depth only in an arbitrary manner such that the corresponding matrix is positive definite. The impedance tensor components are found by a numerical integration procedure based on a set of one‐step methods and a variable step‐size to insure a given accuracy in the final result. Calculations were made for three models having sharp boundaries and also transitional layers. The first of these models has a middle layer of high conductivity, sandwiched between two layers of linearly varying conductivity, while in the second model the middle layer has a very low conductivity. In the third model the conductivity tensor is three‐dimensional and is linearly varying in one of the layers.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Structures and Electrochemical Properties of Lithium 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylate Complexes

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Chi Cheng ◽  
Bing-Han Li ◽  
Feng-Shuen Tseng ◽  
Po-Ching Liang ◽  
Chia-Her Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal Transformation ◽  
Discharge Capacities

Four lithium coordination polymers, [Li3(BTC)(H2O)6] (1), [Li3(BTC)(H2O)5] (2), [Li3(BTC)(μ2-H2O)] (3), and [Li(H2BTC)(H2O)] (4) (H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylatic acid), have been synthesized and characterized. All the structures have been determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Complexes 1 and 2 have two-dimensional (2-D) sheets, whereas complex 3 has three-dimensional (3-D) frameworks and complex 4 has one-dimensional (1-D) tubular chains. The crystal-to-crystal transformation was observed in 1–3 upon removal of water molecules, which accompanied the changes in structures and ligand bridging modes. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of complexes 3 and 4 have been studied to evaluate these compounds as electrode materials in lithium ion batteries with the discharge capacities of 120 and 257 mAhg−1 in the first thirty cycles, respectively.

scholarly journals A Review of Supercapacitors Based on Graphene and Redox-Active Organic Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Li ◽  
Michael Horn ◽  
Yinong Wang ◽  
Jennifer MacLeod ◽  
Nunzio Motta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Recent Developments

Supercapacitors are a highly promising class of energy storage devices due to their high power density and long life cycle. Conducting polymers (CPs) and organic molecules are potential candidates for improving supercapacitor electrodes due to their low cost, large specific pseudocapacitance and facile synthesis methods. Graphene, with its unique two-dimensional structure, shows high electrical conductivity, large specific surface area and outstanding mechanical properties, which makes it an excellent material for lithium ion batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors. The combination of CPs and graphene as electrode material is expected to boost the properties of supercapacitors. In this review, we summarize recent reports on three different CP/graphene composites as electrode materials for supercapacitors, discussing synthesis and electrochemical performance. Novel flexible and wearable devices based on CP/graphene composites are introduced and discussed, with an eye to recent developments and challenges for future research directions.

Microfluidic Synthesis of Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (29) ◽  
pp. 2155-2160
Author(s):  
Eri A. Takami ◽  
Folarin Erogbogbo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Polymer Hybrid ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Size And Morphology

ABSTRACTLipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHN) have great potential as drug delivery devices for treatment of serious medical issues such as cardiovascular disease, tuberculosis, and cancer. Nanoprecipitation is a commonly used method to synthesize LPHN in a low cost manner. However, this multi-step process proves to be difficult in consistently producing uniformly sized nanoparticles. Here we developed a microfluidic device that utilizes a three-channel pathway and mixer channel to synthesize uniformly sized LPHN in a controlled manner. Dynamic light scattering results of the microfluidic synthesized nanoparticles show decrease in diameter size from 140 nm to 40 nm as the Reynolds number of the channel inflow increases. Transmission electron microscopy confirms the size and morphology of the nanoparticles. Three dimensional structure of the LPHN were observed using atomic force microscopy. The production of higher quality nanoparticles using our microfluidics device can expedite the research and development process of drug delivering lipid polymer nanoparticles.

Biomass-derived three-dimensional honeycomb-like hierarchical structured carbon for ultrahigh energy density asymmetric supercapacitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (35) ◽  
pp. 13589-13602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Shan ◽  
Jiao Yang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jun Yan ◽  
Zhuangjun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ultrahigh Energy ◽  
Asymmetric Supercapacitors ◽  
One Step

3D honeycomb-like hierarchical structured carbon (HSC) has been fabricated by one-step carbonization/activation of abundant and low cost bacterial cellulose for ultrahigh energy density supercapacitors.

Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) as Advanced Electrodes for Super Capacitors Applications

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (45) ◽  
pp. 3089-3097 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Adhikari ◽  
C. Ranaweera ◽  
R. Gupta ◽  
S. R. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Molybdenum Disulfide ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Supercapacitor Applications ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction Time

ABSTRACTA facile hydrothermal method was used to synthesize molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) microspheres. The effect of hydrothermal reaction time on morphology and electrochemical properties of MoS2 microspheres was evaluated. X-ray diffraction showed presence of crystalline MoS2 structure, where content of crystalline phase was observed to increase with hydrothermal reaction time. Electrochemical properties of MoS2 were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge in 3M KOH solution. Specific capacitance of nanostructured MoS2 was observed to be between 68 F/g and 346 F/g at different scan rates along with excellent cyclic stability. High power density (∼1200 W/kg) and energy density (∼5 Wh/kg) was observed for MoS2 sample synthesized for 24 hours of hydrothermal reaction time. Overall optimal electrocapactive performance was observed for sample prepared for 24 hours of reaction time. It is demonstrated that the obtained MoS2 microspheres with three-dimensional architecture has excellent electrochemical performances as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.

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