Prolonged Orotracheal Intubation in the Newborn

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. Conner ◽  
Michael J. Bushey ◽  
M. Jeffrey Maisels
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Orotracheal Intubation ◽  
Assisted Ventilation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Overall Mortality

One hundred seventy-four consecutive cases of newborn infants who required orotracheal intubation for longer than three days were studied retrospectively. The duration of intubation varied from 3 to 211 days with an overall mortality rate of 22.9 %. There was one complication directly related to orotracheal intubation. One tracheotomy was performed. Orotracheal intubation is felt to be superior to nasal tracheal intubation and tracheotomy in managing infants in this age group who require prolonged assisted ventilation.

scholarly journals DECREASING PREVALENCE OF THE ACUTE/SUBACUTE CLINICAL FORM OF PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS IN MATO GROSSO DO SUL STATE, BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Rodrigues Fabris ◽  
Úrsulla Vilella Andrade ◽  
Aline Ferreira Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Paula da Costa Marques ◽  
Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Overall Mortality

With the objective to evaluate the behavior of paracoccidioidomycosis in the last three decades, clinical and epidemiological data of 595 patients admitted to clinical services of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul from 1980 to 2009 were investigated. Gender, age distribution, clinical form, comorbidity with tuberculosis or AIDS, and mortality were compared by decades of clinical admission. It was shown that during the three decades there was a decrease in women percentage, and the same manner occurred a reduction in participants in the age group of 20 to 39 years. Moreover, the acute/subacute forms have been diminished in the period. These fluctuations are closely related and can be simultaneously analyzed. Increased AIDS co-infection prevalence from the first to the second decade was also revealed, coinciding with the appearance of the retroviral epidemic and stabilizing during the third decade. No change in the tuberculosis co-infection rate was observed (overall = 6.9%). It reinforces the importance of this co-morbidity. The overall mortality rate remained steady at 6.7%, not varying significantly from one decade to another. The persistent mortality rate calls attention to the importance of this neglected disease.

scholarly journals Local Fibrinolysis in Spontaneous Supratentorial Hematomas: Comparison with Surgical and Medical Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugeniu Condrea ◽  
Valeriu Timirgaz ◽  
Stanislav Groppa ◽  
Ion Codreanu ◽  
Natalia Rotaru
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Assisted Ventilation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Minimally Invasive Techniques ◽  
Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Local Fibrinolysis ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Overall Mortality

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive craniopuncture with local fibrinolysis in the management of supratentorial spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH). Methods: The study included 218 consecutive patients with supratentorial SICH who were assigned to one of three groups: treated with minimally invasive craniopuncture with local fibrinolysis, treated with craniotomy or other minimally invasive techniques without local fibrinolysis, or receiving conservative management alone. Results: Minimally invasive craniopuncture with local fibrinolysis was associated with a lower rate of assisted ventilation, a shorter period of in-hospital stay, a more frequent initiation of early rehabilitation, and a lower mortality rate at all periods of assessment. The overall mortality at 12 months was 19.4% (vs. 50.0 and 33.3% in the two other therapy groups). Lobar (subcortical and cortical) SICHs treated with local fibrinolysis had an overall mortality of 4.8% (vs. 43.5 and 41.7% in the two other therapy groups). On the other hand, SICHs having mixed (basal ganglia and lobar) locations treated with medical therapy alone had an overall mortality of 28.6%, while associated surgery with or without local fibrinolysis increased the overall mortality to over 65%. Conclusions: The study demonstrated the applicability of minimally invasive craniopuncture with local fibrinolysis for the management of supratentorial SICHs and the advantages it may have in certain categories of patients. The method proved particularly useful in lobar SICHs, being associated with the lowest mortality. Mixed SICHs do not represent a predilection for surgical interventions; however, the results related to mixed supratentorial locations need confirmation in larger cohorts.

Traumatic extradural hematomas in infancy and childhood

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 861-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Dhellemmes ◽  
Jean-Paul Lejeune ◽  
Jean-Louis Christiaens ◽  
Guy Combelles
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Time Of Surgery ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Overall Mortality

✓ The authors report a series of 144 children with traumatic extradural hematomas operated on at the Lille Department of Neurosurgery between 1969 and 1982. The patients are divided into different groups according to age, and clinical findings were recorded for each age group. The overall mortality rate was 9%. The authors demonstrate that prognosis is related to age, neurological status at time of surgery, and duration of postoperative coma.

scholarly journals Gastroenteritis in Patients Hospitalized at the Pediatric Ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 318-26
Author(s):  
Gustina Lubis ◽  
Tm. Thaib ◽  
Atan Baas Sinuhaji ◽  
A. H. Sutanto
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Paediatric Ward ◽  
Pediatric Ward ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Overall Mortality

In 1989, oj2350 patients hospitalized in the paediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, 829 (35.3%) were gastroenteritis cases, with male more than female. Most of the patients with gastroenteritis were found in the age group of under 1 years (521 cases = 62.8%). The highest prevalence was found in january, February and March. Mild, moderate and severe dehydration were encountered in 2. 7%, 83.1% and 14.2% cases respectively. Eighty for (10.1%) cases had been treated with oralit before admission. Only 49. 1% of those patients with gastroenteritis under two years of age were breastfed. The patients of under five year old were 791 (95. 4%) cases; 259 (32. 7%) cases were malnourished. The overall mortality rate of these patients with gastroenteritis was 5.9% ( 49 cases). The age specific mortality rate was highest in the age group of 6- 12 months. Usually patients died with gastroenteritis had complications or associated diseases.

scholarly journals An outbreak of serogroup B:15:P1.16 meningococcal disease, Frederiksborg county, Denmark, 1987–9

1992 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Samuelsson ◽  
P. Ege ◽  
L. Berthelsen ◽  
I. Lind
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Group B ◽  
Overall Mortality

SUMMARYEpidemiological features of an outbreak of group B:15:P1.16 meningococcal disease (MD) in Frederiksborg country, Denmark, 1987–9, were investigated. The study comprised 149 cases notified during the outbreak and the two preceding years; 115 were confirmed by the isolation of Neisseria meningitidis. In 1989 the incidence had increased to 14·1 per 100 000 population. Among group B strains, B:15:P1.16 accounted for 80% (77/97). The overall mortality rate was 10% (15/149). Regarding cases due to group B:15:P1.16 strains a significant time-space clustering, which exclusively occurred within the 10–19 years age group, was demonstrated. The link between cases within clusters was indirect or unknown, except for ten patients with contact to one particular school. The prophylactic measures used included administration of rifampicin to household contacts. During the outbreak the proportion of secondary cases was high (6–15%). All secondary cases occurred outside the household indicating that the household had been protected.

scholarly journals Outcome and Management of Sepsis at RozhHalat Emergency Hospital in Erbil –Kurdistan region of Iraq

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Samir Qader Ahmad ◽  
Shakawan Muhamad Ismaeel ◽  
Dara Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed ◽  
Halgurd Fathulla Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Vasopressor Therapy ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
Qsofa Score ◽  
Sirs Criteria ◽  
Overall Mortality

Sepsis is a very common condition in emergency hospitals and presentation is variable, it is under diagnosed with very high mortality rate. All patients with infection are at risk of developing sepsis. Sepsis is a complex condition characterized by activation of inflammatory process and coagulation system in response to microbial insult. An observational prospective study was carried out at RozhHalat emergency hospital in Erbil-Kurdistan region of Iraq between February 2017 to January 2018.The study was approved by the scientific and ethical committee of Kurdistan board of medical specialties. 50 patients aged between (10 - 80) years old presented to this hospital with sign and symptoms of infection were recruited to this study. 50 patients with signs and symptoms of sepsis were recorded in this study. The mean age was 47 with male to female ration of 2:3 (42% male and 58% female). The overall mortality rate was high at 68% with higher rate among female and older age group. The blood culture was positive in 74% of cases of which 52% were gram positive and 22% were gram-negative microorganisms. A Positive blood culture associated with higher mortality rate of 81% compared with 21% if the blood culture was negative. In majority of cases the site of infection was from multiple source (34%) followed by respiratory infection (26%).Skin and soft tissue infection was associated with the lowest mortality of 2.9%. High number of cases (82%) developed complications and 52% of cases developed more than 2 organ failures. All patients received empirical antibiotic therapy however 46% of cases received the wrong antimicrobials. The survival rate was higher   (44%) among patients given the right antibiotics. Similarly patients had better chance of survival if appropriate fluid resuscitation therapy was give. The overall mortality among vasopressor treated patients were 72% compared with 78% chance of mortality if they were not treated with any vasopressor therapy, among those who received inotropic support Noradrenaline associated with higher survival rate(72%). A qSOFA score of more than 2 associated with 86.4 % of mortality compared with 75.5% mortality with similar SIRS criteria. Factors associated with high mortality were: female gender, older age group, positive blood culture, wrong antibiotics therapy, less fluid resuscitation, multisource of infection, multi-organ failure, high lactic acid level and high qSOFA score. This study shows that sepsis is associated with high overall mortality rate of 68% in the RozhHalat emergency hospital and higher rate of death among female and older age group. Negative blood culture, appropriate use of antibiotics and fluid therapy associated with better chance of survival. Vasopressor therapy did not result in better survival outcome except for Noradrenaline. The qSOFA score is as good as SIRS criteria in predicting mortality. High lactate, multi-organ failure and multisource of infection associated with the worst outcome.

scholarly journals Gender-based incidence, recovery period, and mortality rate of COVID-19 among the population of district Attock, Pakistan

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ejaz ◽  
M. T. Ashraf ◽  
S. Qadeer ◽  
M. Irfan ◽  
A. Azam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract COVID-19 is reported as an extremely contagious disease with common symptoms of fever, dry cough, sore throat, and tiredness. The published literature on incidence and gender-wise prevalence of COVID-19 is scarce in Pakistan. Therefore, the present study was designed to compare the distribution, incubation period and mortality rate of COVID-19 among the male and female population of district Attock. The data were collected between 01 April 2020 and 07 December 2020 from the population of district Attock, Pakistan. A total of 22,962 individuals were screened and 843 were found positive for RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2. The confirmed positive cases were monitored carefully. Among the positive cases, the incidence of COVID-19 was 61.7% among males and 38.2% among females. The average recovery period of males was 18.89±7.75 days and females were 19±8.40 days from SARS-CoV-2. The overall mortality rate was 8.06%. The death rate of male patients was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to female patients. Also, the mortality rate was higher (P<0.05) in male patients of 40-60 years of age compared to female patients of the same age group. Moreover, the mortality rate significantly increased (P<0.05) with the increase of age irrespective of gender. In conclusion, the incidence and mortality rate of COVID-19 is higher in males compared to the female population. Moreover, irrespective of gender the mortality rate was significantly lower among patients aged <40 years.

scholarly journals DEXMEDETOMIDINE VERSUS ORAL PREGABALIN TO ATTENUATE HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE TO LARYNGOSCOPY AND OROTRACHEAL INTUBATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Soumya Samal
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Direct Laryngoscopy ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Hemodynamic Response ◽  
Orotracheal Intubation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Group D

INTRODUCTION: The airway instrumentation of direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are powerful noxious stimuli that should be attenuated by appropriate premedication, smooth induction and rapid intubation. The present study compared the  efficacy intravenous dexmedetomidine and oral pregabalin premedication for attenuation of haemodynamic pressor response to laryngoscopy and intubation.METHODS: A total of 60 patients of age group 20-50 years scheduled for elective surgeries under general anaesthesia with ASA physical status I and II were divided into two groups each of 30. Group D received intravenous dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg over 10 minutes  before induction and group P received  oral pregabalin 150 mg one hour prior to intubation. Parameters observed were heartrate and mean arterial pressure at baseline, after induction, immediately after intubation and then 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes thereafter.RESULTS: Attenuation of heartrate in group dexmedetomidine (78.12 ± 10.0 / min)  immediately after intubation was statistically significant than group pregabalin (89.76 ± 10.45 / min). Mean arterial pressure significantly (p < 0.05) decreased after intubation with dexmedetomidine. As compared to oral pregabalin, attenuation of  heartrate and mean arterial pressure was statistically significant till 30 minutes after intubation with intravenous dexmedetomidine. CONCLUSION: Intravenous dexmedetomidine 1µg/kg is more effective than oral pregabalin 150 mg in attenuating hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and orotracheal intubation.KEYWORDS: Hemodynamic pressor response, Laryngoscopy, Intubation, Intravenous dexmedetomidine, Oral pregabalin.

scholarly journals Prospective cohort study of mortality in very low birthweight infants in a single centre in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000918
Author(s):  
Isabel A Michaelis ◽  
Ingeborg Krägeloh-Mann ◽  
Ncomeka Manyisane ◽  
Mikateko C Mazinu ◽  
Esme R Jordaan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Overall Mortality

BackgroundNeonatal mortality is a major contributor worldwide to the number of deaths in children under 5 years of age. The primary objective of this study was to assess the overall mortality rate of babies with a birth weight equal or below 1500 g in a neonatal unit at a tertiary hospital in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Furthermore, different maternal-related and infant-related factors for higher mortality were analysed.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study which included infants admitted to the neonatal wards of the hospital within their first 24 hours of life and with a birth weight equal to or below 1500 g. Mothers who consented answered a questionnaire to identify factors for mortality.Results173 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants were recruited in the neonatal department between November 2017 and December 2018, of whom 55 died (overall mortality rate 32.0%). Twenty-three of the 44 infants (53,5%) with a birth weight below 1000 g died during the admission. One hundred and sixty-one mothers completed the questionnaire and 45 of their babies died.Main factors associated with mortality were lower gestational age and lower birth weight. Need for ventilator support and sepsis were associated with higher mortality, as were maternal factors such as HIV infection and age below 20 years.ConclusionThis prospective study looked at survival of VLBW babies in an underprivileged part of the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Compared with other public urban hospitals in the country, the survival rate remains unacceptably low. Further research is required to find the associated causes and appropriate ways to address these.

scholarly journals All-cause mortality and location of death in patients with established cardiovascular disease before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown: a Danish Nationwide Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawad H Butt ◽  
Emil L Fosbøl ◽  
Thomas A Gerds ◽  
Charlotte Andersson ◽  
Kristian Kragholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Location Of Death ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adjusted Incidence Rate ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Adjusted Incidence ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background On 13 March 2020, the Danish authorities imposed extensive nationwide lockdown measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and reallocated limited healthcare resources. We investigated mortality rates, overall and according to location, in patients with established cardiovascular disease before, during, and after these lockdown measures. Methods and results Using Danish nationwide registries, we identified a dynamic cohort comprising all Danish citizens with cardiovascular disease (i.e. a history of ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or peripheral artery disease) alive on 2 January 2019 and 2020. The cohort was followed from 2 January 2019/2020 until death or 16/15 October 2019/2020. The cohort comprised 340 392 and 347 136 patients with cardiovascular disease in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The overall, in-hospital, and out-of-hospital mortality rate in 2020 before lockdown was significantly lower compared with the same period in 2019 [adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) CI 0.87–0.95; IRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.89–1.02; and IRR 0.87, 95% CI 0.83–0.93, respectively]. The overall mortality rate during and after lockdown was not significantly different compared with the same period in 2019 (IRR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97–1.02). However, the in-hospital mortality rate was lower and out-of-hospital mortality rate higher during and after lockdown compared with the same period in 2019 (in-hospital, IRR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88–0.96; out-of-hospital, IRR 1.04, 95% CI1.01–1.08). These trends were consistent irrespective of sex and age. Conclusions Among patients with established cardiovascular disease, the in-hospital mortality rate was lower and out-of-hospital mortality rate higher during lockdown compared with the same period in the preceding year, irrespective of age and sex.

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