Suicidal behaviour in Indigenous compared to non-Indigenous males in urban and regional Australia: Prevalence data suggest disparities increase across age groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1240-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Armstrong ◽  
Jane Pirkis ◽  
Kerry Arabena ◽  
Dianne Currier ◽  
Matthew J Spittal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Male Health ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Regional Australia

Objectives: We compare the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts between Indigenous and non-Indigenous males in urban and regional Australia, and examine the extent to which any disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous males varies across age groups. Methods: We used data from the baseline wave of The Australian Longitudinal Study on Male Health (Ten to Men), a large-scale cohort study of Australian males aged 10–55 years residing in urban and regional areas. Indigenous identification was determined through participants self-reporting as Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander or both. The survey collected data on suicidal thoughts in the preceding 2 weeks and lifetime suicide attempts. Results: A total of 432 participants (2.7%) identified as Indigenous and 15,425 as non-Indigenous (97.3%). Indigenous males were twice as likely as non-Indigenous males to report recent suicidal thoughts (17.6% vs 9.4%; odds ratio = 2.1, p < 0.001) and more than three times as likely to report a suicide attempt in their lifetime (17.0% vs 5.1%; odds ratio = 3.6; p < 0.001). The prevalence of recent suicidal thoughts did not differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous males in younger age groups, but a significant gap emerged among men aged 30–39 years and was largest among men aged 40–55 years. Similarly, the prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts did not differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous males in the 14- to 17-years age group, but a disparity emerged in the 18- to 24-years age group and was even larger among males aged 25 years and older. Conclusion: Our paper presents unique data on suicidal thoughts and attempts among a broad age range of Indigenous and non-Indigenous males. The disparity in the prevalence of suicidal thoughts increased across age groups, which is in contrast to the large disparity between the Indigenous and non-Indigenous suicide rates in younger age groups.

scholarly journals Comparison of Prevalence of Periodontitis with Different Indices in Population of District Ghaziabad

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 023-030
Author(s):  
Vimal Kumar ◽  
Pallak Arora ◽  
Manish Khatri ◽  
Shivani Sharma ◽  
Sumit Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of periodontal disease with different indices. Methods & materials: The study population consisted of multistage stratified random sample of 1300 subjects from total population of district Ghaziabad. A cross-sectional study was conducted with multi stage stratified random sampling techniques to select the sample population. The subjects were divided into different age groups and the periodontal assessment was made on the basis of CPITN index and ESI Index. Results: The CPITN has shown to estimate incorrect periodontal disease prevalence because of its underestimation of the disease severity. A huge difference was noticed in the prevalence rate of periodontitis when subjects were examined with ESI index. Conclusion Periodontal disease was found to be highly prevalent in the study population and severity of disease increased with age. More number of subjects in younger age group were found to be healthy.

ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC PATTERNS OF NORMAL CHILDREN FROM BIRTH TO FIVE YEARS OF AGE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-361
Author(s):  
GERARD GROS ◽  
ARMOND GORDON ◽  
ROBERT MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Q Wave

The ECGs of 104 normal children from a few hours old to 5 years of age were studied. These ECGs consisted of the standard limb leads, the aV limb leads and six precordial leads: V4R, V1, V2, V4, V5 and V6. While the number of cases in each group are small, the following conclusions are suggested by this study: 1. ECGs of the newborn infant present important variations from those seen in later life. This is especially true during the first week of life. Thereafter the contour evolves [SEE FIG. 2 IN SOURCE PDF] in a definite manner until the adult-like pattern is reached. 2. The vertical and semivertical "electric" positions were the most frequently encountered in this age group. 3. P-waves present a rather permanent pattern in this age range: a. is usually upright in lead 1 and 2, aVF, V4, V5 and V6. b. is usually inverted in lead 2 and aVR. c. is either upright, inverted or diphasic in lead 3, aVL, V4R, V1 and V2. 4. The P-R interval varies from 0.10 sec. minimum to 0.16 sec. maximum with the average being 0.12 sec. in this age range. It tends to become greater in the older age groups. 5. QRS duration is shorter in the younger age groups and increases slowly with age. 6. Polyphasic, M-shaped or slurred QRS complexes are not uncommon in the ECGs of normal children in this age range. 7. A Q wave is frequently absent in lead 1 and in all chest leads during the first week of life. Thereafter up to 5 years of age the pattern of the Q wave is as follows: a. Q is generally absent in lead 1, V4R, V1, V2 and V4. b. Q is generally present in lead 3, V4R, aVF, V5 and V6. 8. There is a distinct pattern of right ventricular dominance in leads from the sternum and to its right at birth. This pattern gradually undergoes involution, probably related to normal physiologic development, until the left ventricle becomes dominant. Thus the evolution of the S-wave parallels a gradual involution of the R-wave in right precordial leads and probably also in aVR. This dominance of the left ventricle over the entire precordium is usual by about 3 years, but may be delayed normally until 5 years of age. 9. The T-wave is upright or diphasic in V4R, V1, and V2 and inverted in V5 and V6 for the first 24 hours of life; it gradually alters so that by the fourth day it is inverted in V4R, V1 and V2 and upright in V5 and V6 and thereafter. 10. The transition zone of QRS varies from one age group to another and tends in some ages to be broad. In some instances no real transition zone can be determined.

FC13-06 - The analysis of the reasons of suicide behaviour owing to family-sexual disharmonies

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1887-1887
Author(s):  
T. Butkova ◽  
N. Kibrik
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
List Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Suicide Behaviour ◽  
Group A ◽  
Intimate Relations ◽  
Age Features ◽  
Somatic Diseases

ObjectiveFamily-sexual disharmonies - are the frequent reasons of suicide behaviour. Design: Complex inspection of 62 patients, in the age from 18 years has been performed. In the anamnesis patients had suicide behaviour owing to family-sexual disharmonies.Results1.Age when suicide attempts have been accomplished. Middle age has made 31 ± 8,8 years; 20–29 years - 43% (27 person); 30-39 years - 39% (24 person). The other 11 person-were included into the age groups of 40–49, 50–59 years.2.The reasons of autoaggressive behaviour: Suicide attempts owing to divorce, ideas of matrimonial incorrectness - 52% (32 person).Owing to the unfair attitude from the nearest environment or a dissatisfaction with behaviour and personal qualities of significant another - 48% (30 person). Age features: For young age - unavailability of young spouses to home life, absence of tolerance and respect to each other. Average age group - a dissatisfaction with behaviour of the partner. The senior age group - somatic diseases, loneliness, loss of relatives 3. In 66% of cases (41 person) suicide had no in the anamnesis of mental diseases at relatives.ConclusionsThe primary goal at rendering the psychotherapeutic help - revealing and correction of non adaptive installations of the person. Formation of confidential and empathic attitudes in family. It has been confirmed correlation analysis between partners′ satisfaction attitudes, personal characteristics suicident. It is necessary to raise availability of the information on various aspects of sexual health, psychohygiene of intimate relations.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Technical Throwing Skills on Nomination Status in Youth and Long-Term Career Attainment in Handball

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Till Koopmann ◽  
Franziska Lath ◽  
Dirk Büsch ◽  
Jörg Schorer
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Career Attainment ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract Background Research on talent in sports aims to identify predictors of future performance. This study retrospectively investigated 1) relationships between young handball field players’ technical throwing skills and (a) their potential nomination to youth national teams and (b) their long-term career attainment 10 years later, and 2) associations between nomination status and career attainment. Results Results from retrospectively predicting nomination status and career attainment using logistic regression analyses show that technical throwing skills were partly able to explain players’ nomination status (Nagelkerke R2: females 9.2%, males 13.1%) and career attainment (Nagelkerke R2: 9.8% for female players). Here, variables throwing velocity and time on exercise showed statistically significant effects. In addition, nomination status and career attainment were shown to be associated using chi-square tests (w of .37 and .23 for female and male players, respectively) and nomination status as a predictor increased the prediction of career attainment remarkably (Nagelkerke R2: females 20.3%, males 12.7%). Conclusions Given these results, basic technical throwing skills may serve rather as a prerequisite in this age group on national level, emphasizing its importance already on lower levels and in younger age groups. Furthermore, advantages from entering the national TID system early especially for females are discussed.

scholarly journals Age and sex variation in visceral adipose tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Pallavi Panchu ◽  
Biju Bahuleyan ◽  
Rose Babu ◽  
Vineetha Vijayan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gender Pattern

Background: Adipose tissue mainly visceral fat is said to be harmful and acts as a harbinger of metabolic disorders. A changing trend is seen in the recent decades with decreasing incidence of metabolic disorders in men even though visceral fat is said to be higher in them. Sex hormones may influence the deposition pattern of adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to observe effects of age on visceral fat and to know if the difference in gender pattern of fat distribution is maintained throughout life or disappears after menopause.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Thrissur on 385 apparently healthy subjects using Omron body composition analyser. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.0 version. The tests employed were NOVA, independent samples t-test.Results: In each age group, men had significantly higher visceral fat than females. As age increased, visceral fat increased significantly in both genders. In each group, except for younger age groups, VF levels were equal in men and women.Conclusions: Visceral fat is higher in men and this difference is seen in all age groups. As age increases, visceral fat levels also increased in men and women. The distribution of visceral fat is such that a greater number of men have high to very high levels at a younger age group, a feature observed in women only in the peri and post-menopausal age. Adoption of an active lifestyle coupled with healthy diet should protect against onset of metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Monitoring HIV Epidemic in Pregnant Women: Are the Current Measures Enough?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Purva Sarkate ◽  
Supriya Paranjpe ◽  
Nayana Ingole ◽  
Preeti Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Heterogeneous Nature ◽  
Program Data ◽  
Local Levels

Introduction. Burden of HIV in pregnant women follows overall epidemic in India. Hence, it is imperative that prevalence calculations in this group be accurate. The present study was carried out to determine prevalence of HIV in pregnant women attending our hospital, to determine trend of HIV infection and to compare our results with reported prevalence. Methods. All pregnant women are routinely counselled for HIV testing using opt-out strategy. Year-wise positivity and trend were determined in these patients over a period of five years. The positivity in different age groups was determined. Results. 31,609 women were tested of which 279 (0.88%) were positive. Positivity showed a declining trend over study period and significant quadratic trend (biphasic, P<0.05) was observed. The positivity in older age group ≥35 years (1.64%) was significantly more than younger age groups (0.76% in 15–24-year and 0.94% in 25–34-year age group) (P=0.0052). Conclusion. A significant decline in HIV positivity was seen over the study period. Taking into account heterogeneous nature of HIV epidemic even within the same district, analysis at local levels especially using the prevention of parent to child transmission of HIV program data is critical for HIV programming and resource allocation.

Ontogeny of neonatal pulmonary vascular pressure-flow relationships

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (3) ◽  
pp. H684-H690 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Tod ◽  
K. Yoshimura ◽  
L. J. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pressor Response ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Region ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Inhibition Of Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Arteries And Veins

Previously we reported that pulmonary vascular pressure gradients determined by vascular occlusion varied as a function of neonatal age. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of blood flow on pressure gradients during normoxia (inspired O2 28%) and hypoxia (inspired O2 4.2%) in isolated, indomethacin-treated lungs obtained from lambs at less than 1, 2-4, 12-14, and 30-32 days of age (n = 6 at each age). The total pulmonary pressure gradient was partitioned into pressure gradients across relatively indistensible arteries and veins and relatively compliant vessels in the middle region (delta Pm) by inflow and outflow occlusions at flows of 25, 50, 75, and 100 ml.kg-1.min-1. During normoxia, lungs from lambs less than 1 day of age had significantly greater pressures at each flow than lungs from older lambs, due primarily to a significantly greater delta Pm in this age group. During hypoxia, the greatest vasoconstriction occurred in the youngest group, also due mostly to an increased delta Pm. This enhanced response to hypoxia in the younger age groups was due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis; without indomethacin treatment, the older age groups had a greater hypoxic pressor response than the younger groups. The arterial vascular resistance at all ages was relatively constant as a function of blood flow during both normoxia and hypoxia, whereas the total and middle vascular resistances generally decreased as a function of flow. The venous resistance initially decreased and then was constant. These results suggest that the neonatal pulmonary circulation h as a fixed arterial resistance, a slightly distensible venous region at low flows, and a more distensible middle region.

scholarly journals Can traditional games be an option in increasing the physical activity of women following mastectomy?

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Bronikowska ◽  
Michał Bronikowski ◽  
Agata Glapa ◽  
Bartosz Prabucki
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Ring Net

SummaryStudy aim: the purpose of the present study was to investigate the potential of traditional games as a method of increasing the physical activity (PA) of women following mastectomy. A cross-sectional survey during the 20th ONCO Games was conducted and the sample included data from women divided into two groups: up to 50 years old (n = 26) and over 50 years old (n = 86).Material and methods: PA was assessed using a questionnaire, and the number of steps taking during 30-minute periods was measured using pedometers during each of the games. Exertion was evaluated using Borg’s Scale.Results: there was no difference in levels of coherence between the age groups. The group of younger women were statistically more active (M = 3.34 days/week) than the older group (M = 2.77 days/week). All the games were evaluated to be of light intensity, with ringo perceived as being statistically more fatiguing in the over 50 age group. The highest number of steps was performed during the game of ring-net-ball (M = 1903 steps/30 min) in both age groups, with older women performing statistically more steps. Similar situations were observed in the cases of pétanque and speedminton. In ringo, the situation was reversed. The lowest number of steps was recorded in pétanque in the younger age group (M = 296 steps/30 min).Conclusion: this study indicates that in the rehabilitation and recovery process after mastectomy, traditional games could be a bridging link between exercising and sports as they provide not just activity but also a unique and valuable social context.

scholarly journals Dynamic Smile Visualization and Quantification in different age groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Harshitha V. ◽  
M.S. Ravi ◽  
Reshma Raveendran ◽  
Raed Saeed ◽  
Kiran Kumar C.
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Buccal Corridor ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Two Age Groups

Abstract Aims and Objectives: To assess the posed and dynamic smile and to compare the various attributes of smile in frontal, oblique and sagittal dimensions, in two different age groups (10- 15years and 18-25 years). Materials and Methods: The posed and dynamic smile parameters were measured using digital video clips in 80 subjects of two different age groups (10-15years and 18-25 years). Total of 15 parameters were studied in 3 planes of space. The data was analysed using student`s t-test to compare smile parameters across the age groups, paired t-test was used to analyse the parameters of posed and unposed smile within the same age group and chi-square test was performed for the discrete data. Results: The present study revealed significant differences in dynamic smile parameters between the two age groups. The parameters like Philtrum height and Smile index are more in older age group whereas the buccal corridor was more in younger age group. Significant differences were also recorded in various parameters in both the groups when the posted smile is compared with that of the dynamic smile. Conclusion: In both the age groups, the dynamic and posed smile attributes are significantly different, except for buccal corridor and interlabial gap.

scholarly journals Comparison of anthropometric data quality in children aged 6-23 and 24-59 months: lessons from population-representative surveys from humanitarian settings

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Bilukha ◽  
Alexia Couture ◽  
Kelly McCain ◽  
Eva Leidman
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Digit Preference ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract Background Ensuring the quality of anthropometry data is paramount for getting accurate estimates of malnutrition prevalence among children aged 6–59 months in humanitarian and refugee settings. Previous reports based on data from Demographic and Health Surveys suggested systematic differences in anthropometric data quality between the younger and older groups of preschool children. Methods We analyzed 712 anthropometric population-representative field surveys from humanitarian and refugee settings conducted during 2011–2018. We examined and compared the quality of five anthropometric indicators in children aged 6–23 months and children aged 24–59 months: weight for height, weight for age, height for age, body mass index for age and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) for age. Using the z-score distribution of each indicator, we calculated the following parameters: standard deviation (SD), percentage of outliers, and measures of distribution normality. We also examined and compared the quality of height, weight, MUAC and age measurements using missing data and rounding criteria. Results Both SD and percentage of flags were significantly smaller on average in older than in younger age group for all five anthropometric indicators. Differences in SD between age groups did not change meaningfully depending on overall survey quality or on the quality of age ascertainment. Over 50% of surveys overall did not deviate significantly from normality. The percentage of non-normal surveys was higher in older than in the younger age groups. Digit preference score for weight, height and MUAC was slightly higher in younger age group, and for age slightly higher in the older age group. Children with reported exact date of birth (DOB) had much lower digit preference for age than those without exact DOB. SD, percentage flags and digit preference scores were positively correlated between the two age groups at the survey level, such as those surveys showing higher anthropometry data quality in younger age group also tended to show higher quality in older age group. Conclusions There should be an emphasis on increased rigor of training survey measurers in taking anthropometric measurements in the youngest children. Standardization test, a mandatory component of the pre-survey measurer training and evaluation, of 10 children should include at least 4–5 children below 2 years of age.

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