Family Dysfunction and Female Delinquency

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Leslie Rosenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
Female Delinquency ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
California Youth Authority ◽  
The Family ◽  
Status Offenses

This article examines the family backgrounds of a group of women who, as adolescents in the early 1960s, were committed to the California Youth Authority predominantly for status offenses and continued their criminal behavior into adulthood. Particular attention is paid to various measures of dysfunction, including family violence, parent-child conflict, family size, structure, and stability. Little variation existed within the various independent measures; all of the women came from dysfunctional homes. The manner in which these young women were dealt with by the Youth Authority is examined within the context of the cultural attitudes of that particular time.

Menarcheal age in University of Warwick young women

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Dann ◽  
D. F. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Menarcheal Age ◽  
The Family ◽  
The University ◽  
Preceding Study

SummaryData from the final 16 years of a 28-year ongoing survey of menarcheal age are reported. From 1971 onwards, recalled aged at menarche was recorded for all young women entering the University of Warwick. These data show that mean menarcheal age is increasing, a trend which is independent of father's occupation, family size, position of girl in the family, and physique. This continues a similar upward tendency noted in a preceding study in Swansea. It appears that the downward trend to earlier age at menarche of the earlier decades of this century has been replaced by one in the opposite direction.

scholarly journals Patent Value and Survival of Patents

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Jung-Tae Hwang ◽  
Byung-Keun Kim ◽  
Eui-Seob Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
European Patent ◽  
Patent Data ◽  
Patent Value ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The Family ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Private Value

This study investigated the effect of patent value on the renewal (survival) of patents. The private value of patents can be one of the main pillars sustaining a firm’s value, and the estimation of the value may contribute to the strategic management of firms. The current study aimed to confirm the recent research findings with survival analysis, focusing on the more homogeneous patent data samples. In this study, a dataset is constructed from a cohort of 6646 patents from the 1996 and 1997 application years, using patent data from the European Patent Office (EPO). We found that the family size and non-patent backward citations exhibited profound impacts on patent survival. This result is in line with numerous studies, indicating the positive impact of science linkages in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical fields. It was also found that the effect of the ex-post indicator is not as strong as the ex-ante indicators, like traditional family size and backward citations. In short, the family size matters most for the survival of patents, according to the current research.

scholarly journals LEFT REALISM CRIMINOLOGY: BASIS AND PERSPECTIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1365-1370
Author(s):  
Vesna Stefanovska
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Critical Criminology ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cultural Goals ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Race And Place

Left realism emerges in the early 1980s as a separate department, or direction within the neo-Marxist critical criminology. It results from dissatisfaction and certain criticisms of the foundations on which critical criminology is built, which left realists call left idealism. Namely, they are called realists because, in their view, crime should be considered in its reality, and the causes that led to criminal behavior should be seriously looked at, which means that leftist realists focus on already experienced realities. Hence, the issues of interest to left realists are the problems faced by certain groups regarding their age, class, sex, race and place of residence. They have some similarities with structural subcultural theories, arguing that crime is a form of subcultural adaptation to lived problems and realities. The basis is that due to material constraints and circumstances, the required cultural goals and aspirations cannot be achieved by legally disposable means. The central postulate of left realism is to reflect the reality of crime, in its origin, nature and influence. This means that crime cannot be romanticized or it cannot be explained as a product of the offender's pathology or other personal characteristics. Real problems related to the crime need to be considered and resolved. In this respect, the issues of left realism are the problems that citizens face, the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator, the geographical distribution of crime, as well as the prevalence of crime in certain social areas and sectors of the community. They are particularly concerned about ignoring the crime that is taking place on the streets by truly disadvantaged and marginalized citizens, as well as the crime that takes place behind closed doors, particularly in the family. So, the perspectives of the left realists are that street crime is a serious problem for the working class, working class crime is primarily committed against other working class members, relative poverty feeds the dissatisfaction and that dissatisfaction, in the absence of political solutions creates crime, and crime can be reduced by implementing practical social policies.On the basis of what has been stated, in this paper we will elaborate the critiques of critical criminology stated by the proponents of Left Realism , a Square of crime that offers appropriate solutions for criminal and social response to crime and perspectives of left realism that predominantly rely on community-based policies.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Decision-making in Accessing Reproductive Healthcare Services of Urban Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Taniza Tabassum ◽  
Md Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh Uddin ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Urban Women ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
The Family ◽  
Reproductive Healthcare

Introduction:  Women’s healthcare during the reproductive period of life, especially decisions involving her own health is generally one of the least concerns to the common people. Women’s autonomy in decision-making within the family is fairly debatable and determines the health service seeking behaviour. Objective: To find out the perceptions about key persons involved in decision-making for accessing reproductive healthcare services as well as factors that influence those decisions among urban women of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by key informant interviewing (KII) of 72 respondents about their perceptions of decision-making in women’s reproductive health services in Dhaka South City Corporation during the period of January 2019 to April 2019. Health professionals of various levels, administrators, family heads were selected as key informants by purposive sampling method. An open-ended semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Result: Among the key informants, more than half were doctors (58.3%). The majority of the respondents were female (72%) and having educational qualification up to graduate level (40.3%). Majority of the informants (73.9%) mentioned ‘both parents’ as key persons in under 18 marriage of their daughters; 57.1% of respondents opined that ‘Factors like social environment, social status, uncertainty to find better groom, dowry etc.’ influences in decision-making. All of the respondents felt antenatal care ‘essential’ and about half of them (50.0%) mentioned the importance of complication detection and treatment during pregnancy. According to the respondents, ‘mother-in-law’ is the key person in women’s decision-making regarding antenatal care (65.3%) and ‘husband’ is the key person regarding selection of the place of delivery and postnatal care (79.2%, 72.2%) respectively. Half of the respondents (50%) expressed the family size determination in an urban area is done mutually by ‘both partners’ while the role of the ‘husband’ is still perceived important (41.7%). Majority expressed that economic condition of the family (63.9%) have an influence in determining family size by the respondents. According to more than half of the respondents (52.8%), both partners take part in decision-making regarding family planning. Conclusion: Although the educated employed women enjoy some degree of autonomy in urban areas of Bangladesh, the decision-making in accessing woman’s reproductive healthcare services is directed by the husband. Involvement of both partners in decision-making is essential for better utilization of reproductive health services. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 15-20

scholarly journals Remesas y agencia económica de las universitarias en el Valle del Mezquital

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Rosa María Huerta Mata
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Young Women ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Support Network ◽  
International Remittances ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Connection ◽  
Economic Agency

The article’s objective is to analyze the economic agency acquired by university students through the international remittances support network. During September and October 2019, five indepth interviews were conducted with female law students from the Actopan Higher School of the Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo. Young women’s households receive remittances whose function is to help them economically, a network built through the family connection with their maternal uncles. The student’s mothers are sorors which allows young women to obtain economic agency. This analysis contributes to the knowledge about one of the effects of remittances on households in the Mezquital Valley, Mexico. The results of the study only focus on one region of the country.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF RE-SOCIALIZATION OF CONVICTS, AS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT DIRECTIONS OF RECURRENT CRIME PREVENTION

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
O. Tsarkova ◽  
H. Warina
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Family Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Relationship Of

The article is devoted to the analysis of the determinants of the successful establishment and functioning of the system of re-socialization of convicts. The relevance of this problem is determined by the contradiction between the need to return prisoners to a full life in society, the need to reproduce their family interaction skills, and the insufficient theoretical, methodological and methodical elaboration of this problem. The goal is to determine the features of resocialization and disclosure of the content and essence of adaptive family relations of convicts as a factor in the prevention of recidivism in modern scientific, theoretical and practical conditions of activity and functioning of the social and legal state. It has been determined that one of the most important aspects of the return of persons serving a sentence to a full-fledged life in society is the reproduction of their skills of adaptive social interaction, including adequate family behavior, correction of permanent and rigid role and behavioral stereotypes. The family relationship of the convicted person is considered as one of the reasons for his criminal behavior and the object of early prevention of unlawful behavior. Among the features of the family relations of convicts, the following characteristic is singled out: a significant weakening of their positive ties in society. The study led to the conclusion that the restoration of socially useful relations and the formation of adaptive family behavior, the legal status of the released without the provision of effective assistance is impossible. The resocialization of persons released from places of deprivation of liberty involves the active management of this process by penitentiary institutions and state bodies, the elimination or neutralization of negative factors that impede the return of persons who have served their sentences to socially useful activities. A comprehensive approach to the process of resocialization and to the study of this socio-legal category in modern conditions of humanization and democratization of society is needed.

Red Threads and Amulets: Women’s ‘Unofficial’ Life in the Family

2021 ◽  
pp. 208-251
Author(s):  
Lindsey Taylor-Guthartz
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Jewish Education ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Western World ◽  
Jewish Literature ◽  
The Family ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Religious Lives ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Everyday Context

This chapter explores unofficial domestic customs. The least visible aspect of Jewish women's lives is the individual customs or practices they perform in a domestic or everyday context, many learnt from female relatives, and the part these play in their religious lives. Individual practices are often so automatic that women do not reflect on them. In some cases, they receive so little attention from rabbis or in popular Jewish literature that women themselves discount or denigrate them as 'superstitions', even as they practise them. There has been a decline in older practices, which are more likely to be identified as magical or superstitious by women operating partly within a Western worldview, whereas more pietistic practices have increased in number among young women with higher levels of formal Jewish education. Other factors that facilitate and shape change in women's religious lives include developing technology in the Western world, such as the replacement of domestic manufacture by industrial production, leading to the demise of customs associated with these technologies, and the growing possibilities offered by the Internet in spreading knowledge of recently invented or expanded customs. Traditionalist women, though principally Western in their education and thinking, are still inextricably linked to their Jewish identity, which often includes customs and practices for which they might struggle to find a rationale, but which they are committed to observing. These customs provide a fertile field for women to adapt and reinterpret existing practices, and to invent new ones that express their most urgent concerns and aims.

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