Convergent Validity of the Erwin Identity Scale

1981 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1307-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Dary Erwin ◽  
Marlin R. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
External Scale ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Identity Achievement ◽  
Development Of Identity

Evidence is presented partially supporting the convergent validity of the Erwin Identity Scale from use of two samples of high school students. Two EIS subscales, Confidence and Sexual Identity, were moderately correlated with Simmons's Identity Achievement Scale and Rotter's Internal-External Scale. No relationship was found between the third EIS subscale, Conceptions About Body and Appearance, and either Simmons's or Rotter's scales. The development of identity has been recognized as an important aspect of human development for years (Bourne, 1980; James, 1890). What was strictly a psychological concept has now become common conversation in the American culture, manifest by phrases such as “seeking an identity” or “identity crisis.” Although Erikson (1950, 1968) has been given the distinction for advancing the psychological theory of identity, he has also been given credit for contributing to confusion of the concept (Thayer, 1963). Because of this confusion, several interpretations of Erikson's work have been proposed. The conceptualizations of Marcia and Chickering have been two of the most widely discussed (Bourne, 1980; Parker, 1978).

Manipulate Me

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-562
Author(s):  
Alica Thissen ◽  
Frank M. Spinath ◽  
Nicolas Becker
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Response Elimination ◽  
School Students ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Construction Task

Abstract. The cube construction task represents a novel format in the assessment of spatial ability through mental cube rotation tasks. Instead of selecting the correct answer from several response options, respondents construct their own response in a computerized test environment, leading to a higher demand for spatial ability. In the present study with a sample of 146 German high-school students, we tested an approach to manipulate the item difficulties in order to create items with a greater difficulty range. Furthermore, we compared the cube task in a distractor-free and a distractor-based version while the item stems were held identical. The average item difficulty of the distractor-free format was significantly higher than in the distractor-based format ( M = 0.27 vs. M = 0.46) and the distractor-free format showed a broader range of item difficulties (.02 ≤  pi ≤ .95 vs. .37 ≤  pi ≤ .63). The analyses of the test results also showed that the distractor-free format had a significantly higher correlation with a broad intelligence test ( r = .57 vs. r = .17). Reasons for the higher convergent validity of the distractor-free format (prevention of response elimination strategies and the broader range of item difficulties) and further research possibilities are discussed.

Welcome to AI Matters 7(1)

AI Matters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Iolanda Leite ◽  
Anuj Karpatne
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Regular Education ◽  
Physical World ◽  
School Students ◽  
Social Good ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Applications Of Ai

Welcome to the first issue of this year's AI Matters Newsletter! We start with a report on upcoming SIGAI Events by Dilini Samarasinghe and Conference reports by Louise Dennis, our conference coordination officers. In our regular Education column, Duri Long, Jonathan Moon, and Brian Magerko introduce two "unplugged" activities (i.e., no technology needed) to learn about AI focussed on K-12 AI Education. We then bring you our regular Policy column, where Larry Medsker covers several topics on AI policy, including the role of Big Tech on AI Ethics and an interview with Dr. Eric Daimler who is the CEO of the MIT-spinout Conexus.com. Finally, we close with four article contributions. The first article discusses emerging applications of AI in analyzing source code and its implications to several industries. The second article discusses topics in the area of physical scene understanding that are necessary for machines to perceive, interact, and reason about the physical world. The third article presents novel practices and highlights from the Fourth Workshop on Mechanism Design for Social Good. The fourth article provides a report on the "Decoding AI" event that was conducted online by ViSER for high school students and adults sponsored by ACM SIGAI.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of Computational Thinking Assessment of Chinese Elementary School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092110102
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Shan Xu ◽  
Jia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Key Aspects

Recent advances in artificial intelligence have brought attention to computational thinking (CT) in school education worldwide. However, little is known about the development of the literacy of CT in children, mainly because of the lack of proper psychometric assessments. We developed the first psychometrically validated assessment on the literacy of CT of children in Chinese elementary schools, coined as the Computational Thinking Assessment for Chinese Elementary Students (CTA-CES). Items were constructed to reflect key aspects of CT such as abstraction, algorithm thinking, decomposition, evaluation, and pattern recognition. To examine the test reliability and validity, we recruited two samples of 280 third- to sixth-grade students in total. Cronbach’s alpha provided evidence for the reliability of the test scores, item response theory analyses demonstrated psychometric appropriateness, whereas construct validity was verified by convergent validity, and criterion-related validity was confirmed by correlations between the CTA-CES and measures related to CT, namely reasoning, spatial ability, and verbal ability. In addition, an fMRI study further demonstrated similar neural activation patterns when students conducted the CTA-CES and programming tasks. Taken together, the CTA-CES is the first reliable and valid instrument for measuring the literacy of CT for Chinese children, and may be applicable to children worldwide.

scholarly journals Family Relational Boundaries Questionnaire (FRBQ): Developing and Standardization

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Ahmadreza Kiani Chalmardi ◽  
◽  
Masoud Asadi ◽  
Asghar Shiralipur ◽  
Elham Fathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Relationship Boundaries

Objective: The present study attempted to develop and validate the Family Relationships Questionnaire (FRQ) Based on Minuchin’s Structural Family Therapy (SFT). Methods: The study sample was comprised of 200 high school students; they were selected by cluster sampling method from Mazandaran, Sari City, Iran. The research instrument included a researcher-developed questionnaire, based on Minuchin’s SFT. Results: The exploratory factor analysis data have led to extracting 3 factors; normal boundary, enmeshment boundary, and disengaged boundary. Additionally, the obtained results suggested that the 3 elicited factors explained 62.28 variances of family relationships boundaries. Confirmatory factor analysis results revealed that elicited factors can also measure family relationships boundaries. Reliability analysis, distinctive, and convergent validity of the components of family relationship boundaries indicated that questions in assessing the components of family relationships boundaries are clear and defined. Reliability testing with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reported a score of above 0.60 and the structural reliability was measured to be above 0.70. In other words, all 3 components can define the FRQ constructs as well. For validation, we first calculated the scores of family relationships boundaries and categorized those in a frequency table. The results scores of T and Z values revealed that the scores above the mean value indicated that more participants were aware of their family relationship boundaries. Conclusion: The present research results suggested that this questionnaire has proper validity and reliability; thus, it is proper for assessing family relationship boundaries. Therefore, the collected results can help to assess family relationship boundaries and to develop proper strategies for treatment and future researches.

Pelatihan Menulis “Descriptive Text” di Kelurahan Manguharjo Kecamatan Mayangan Kota Probolinggo

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Utami Ratna Swari
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
Training Process ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Third ◽  
Training Stage ◽  
The Government

This community service was a training in writing descriptive text for junior high school students in Joboan village, Probolinggo city. The method of this community service covered four stages: a) analyzing, b) planning and developing the content, c) implementing and d) training. In analyzing stage, the writer found problems faced by the students in writing descriptive text. In planning and developing the content stage, the writer developed method to write descriptive text by utilizing picture and guided question. With this pandemic situation, in implementing stage, the writer gathered 10 participants by applying health protocol suggested by the Government. Training stage was done for three days, 20-22 of July 2020. In the first day, the writer gave explanation related descriptive text. In the second day, the participants started to practice writing descriptive text by using picture and guided question. Feedback was given in the third day. The results of this training were shown by the presence of all participants three days in a row, they also gave responds and asked questions enthusiastically in the training process. The participants no longer faced difficulty in writing descriptive text since they knew that picture and guided question can help them write descriptive text better. Keywords: training, writing, descriptive text, picture, guided question, feedback

scholarly journals The Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory (ASRI) Adaptation to Portuguese Context

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (58) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo César Dias ◽  
José António Garcia del Castillo ◽  
Kristin L. Moilanen
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

In this study we present the results of the adaptation of the Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory (ASRI) to Portugal. The measure was used with two samples of high school students to which ASRI was administered with Self-Regulation Scale as control measure. In the first study the measures were administered to 823 adolescents and the construct validity analysis was assessed with exploratory factor analysis. The results allow us to find an adequate structure with proper psychometric properties, in their construct and content validity, and reliability. A second study involved 435 adolescents, being tested three models using confirmatory factor analyses. The final version of the ASRI-2 presents an acceptable fit of the data in construct and concurrent validity, given its moderate or high correlation with academic success and substance use. The implications of this new approach to the self-regulation study are discussed and directions to further studies are suggested.

Construct Validity of Physical Self-Description Questionnaire Responses: Relations to External Criteria

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert W. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
A Priori ◽  
School Students ◽  
Endurance Strength ◽  
Validity Criterion ◽  
Sports And Exercise ◽  
Highly Correlated

The Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) is a multidimensional physical self-concept instrument with 11 scales: Strength, Body Fat, Activity, Endurance/Fitness, Sports Competence, Coordination, Health, Appearance, Flexibility, Global Physical, and Global Esteem. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the construct validity of PSDQ responses in relation to 23 external criteria, including measures of body composition, physical activity, endurance, strength, and flexibility for 192 (113 boys and 79 girls) high school students. Each external validity criterion was predicted a priori to be most highly correlated with one of the PSDQ scales. In support of the convergent validity of the PSDQ responses, every predicted correlation was statistically significant. In support of the discriminant validity of the PSDQ responses, most predicted correlations were larger than other correlations involving the same criterion. These results support the construct validity of PSDQ responses in relation to external criteria and their potential usefulness in a wide variety of sports and exercise settings.

scholarly journals Identity crisis and its relationship to depression in adolescents

Twejer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 629-691
Author(s):  
Jwan Nwri Raswl ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
High School ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The research aims to know the level of depression and identity crisis among high school students of Koisnjaq city and to know the relationship between them as well as to clarify the impact of gender differences on them. To achieve this, a hundred students participated randomly. To collect data, the research adopted the two measures of identity and depression crisis. The validity and reliability of both scales were at a satisfactory level. After collecting and analyzing the information using the statistical package for social sciences (spss), the results showed that the level of depression on its edge as a clinical disease, and that the participants suffer from a certain level of identity crisis, and the results did not show any statistically significant relationship between the level of depression and the identity crisis. Finally, gender differences did not appear to be statistically significant for both depression and identity crisis.

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI PERANCANGAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS BERBASIS WEB

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Herri Susanto ◽  
Rizki Pramudiningtyas ◽  
Muri Mukhrianto
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
English Learning ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Third ◽  
Entrance Test ◽  
National Test ◽  
Website Content

The purpose of the study generally is to facilitate high school students preparation for National Test and State/private Entrance Test and specifically the purposes are 1)to increase the activity of  English learning videos through website, 2) to increase the learning activity through internet. The stages of this research consists of 5 stages such as; a) capturing English learning videos, b) creating website, c) uploading the videos to the website, d) launching the website to the third year of Bontang State Vocational School 3, and e) evaluating the website content. The results show that video learning designs is the most chosen feature(89%)  than other features on the website.   Furthermore, the questionaires reaveal that  100%  give positive responses to the website given.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM TES DIAGNOSTIK KESULITAN BELAJAR KOMPETENSI DASAR KEJURUAN SISWA SMK

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Samsul Hadi ◽  
K. Ima Ismara ◽  
Effendie Tanumihardja
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Test System ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
System Utilization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Second Year

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (a) mengembangkan sistem tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar kompetensi dasar kejuruan, dan (b) mengetahui kinerja sistem tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar kompetensi dasar kejuruan siswa SMK yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tahun kedua dari tiga tahun yang direncanakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development perangkat lunak. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model modifikasi linear sequential yang disebut juga sebagai classic life cycle atau model waterfall yang memiliki 4 langkah. Analisis kebutuhan sistem dan perancangan sistem telah dilakukan pada tahun pertama. Implementasi dan validasi program dilakukan pada tahun kedua. Validasi sistem dilakukan dengan angket yang diberikan kepada 35 guru SMK untuk melihat aspek kinerja, rancangan, dan adaptabilitas sistem. Analisis data validasi dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif. Langkah terakhir, evaluasi pemanfaatan sistem, akan dilaksanakan pada tahun ketiga. Sistem tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar kompetensi dasar kejuruan siswa SMK telah dikembangkan dengan arsitektur web client-server menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, HTML, dan Java dengan perangkat lunak pendukung web server Apache, MySQL, dan web browser Chrome. Sistem ini memiliki tiga kelompok pengguna, yaitu admin, guru, dan siswa. Hasil analisis aspek kinerja, rancangan, dan adaptabilitas sistem secara keseluruhan mempunyai rata-rata penilaian sebesar 3.57 dari skala 1–4, sehingga termasuk kategori sangat baik. Karena itu sistem yang telah dikembangkan dapat digunakan pada penelitian lebih lanjut pada tahun ketiga, yaitu evaluasi pemanfaatan sistem.Kata kunci: kompetensi dasar kejuruan,  tes diagnostik DEVELOPING DIAGNOSTIC TEST SYSTEM OF LEARNING DIFFICULTY OF BASIC VOCATIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS Abstract This research aimed to: (a) develop a diagnostic test system of basic vocational competency learning difficulties of Vocational High School students, and (b) determine the performance of the diagnostic test system. This study was the second year of a three year research plan. This research was a Software Research and Development. The development model used in this study was a modification of linear sequential model or known as life cycle or the classic waterfall model with 4 steps. Step 1, analysis of system requirements and system design, was done in the first year. Step 2, system implementation and validation, was conducted in the second year. The validation of the system was done by involving 35 teachers who were asked to complete a questionnaire to see performance, design, and adaptability of the system. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Step 3, the evaluation system utilization, will be held in the third year. The diagnostic test system of basic vocational competency learning difficulties of Vocational High School students has been developed using web client-server architecture, three programming languages (​​PHP, HTML, and Java), Apache web server, MySQL, and Chrome web browser. The system has three user groups, namely administrators, teachers, and students. The performance, design, and adaptability of the system as a whole have verage score of 3.57 on scale of  1 to 4 and categorized as a very good system. That is why the system can be used in further studies in the third year, i.e. evaluation of system utilization. Keywords: basic vocational competencies, diagnostic test 

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