Economic status of the elderly in Hong Kong

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee-Lee Chou ◽  
Nelson W.S. Chow ◽  
Iris Chi
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Homogeneous Group ◽  
The Government ◽  
Education And Employment

English This article examines the economic status of elderly people in Hong Kong based on data collected by the government. The Hong Kong elderly population is not a homogeneous group, as their economic status is significantly related to their gender, age, marital status, education and employment status. French Se basant sur des données recueillies par le gouvernement, cet article examine le statut économique des personnes âgées à Hong Kong. La population âgée de Hong Kong ne constitue pas un groupe homogène. Les statuts économiques de ces personnes sont reliés de façon significative aux variables de genre, d'âge, de statut marital, d'éducation et de statut d'emploi. Spanish Se examina el estatus económico de las personas mayores en Hong Kong basándose en datos recogidos por el gobierno. La población de mayores en Hong Kong no es un grupo homogéneo, pues su estatus económico está relacionado con el género, la edad, el estado civil, la educación y su estado de empleo.

The Status of Elderly People in Nepal

Patan Pragya ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Gokarna Raj Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
The Status ◽  
Present Context ◽  
The Government

Elderly citizens are the sources of knowledge, experiences and collections of different ideas in every society or nation. If we use their ability, long experiences and their conscience, our society or nation will be benefitted to reform national development and prosperity. Ageing population is a global phenomenon and the number is rapidly increasing in developing countries as compared to developed countries. The government of Nepal has declared that people with 60 years or more are elderly citizens. The growth rate of the elderly population is faster than that of the total population in Nepal. The observation shows that the proportion of elderly population is high in mountain and hilly regions as compared to Terai. However, it is noted that female elderly population is the highest among three ecological regions. The growing numbers of ageing population is a major concern in most of the developing countries like Nepal. The social, economic and demographic impacts of ageing population possess both opportunities and challenges to every society. In this situation, the Government of Nepal should attempt to enhance the self-reliance and provide social security of its elderly people to facilitate their continuous participation in society. The Government of Nepal has introduced the universal old aged allowances program since 1994/95 as a non-contributing social assistance to elderly citizens with 70 years or more. The starting allowances are nominal. At present context, it is not a sufficient amount for the elderly citizens but they have little support to health care, medicine, entertainment and desired foods and fruits. Likewise, the Government should establish old age homes, day care and ageing centers and parks for entertainment.

scholarly journals Determinants of rural-urban differential in healthcare utilization among the elderly population in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Population

Abstract Background Population aging poses a demographic burden on a country such as India with inadequate social security systems and very low public investment in health sector. This challenge of accelerated demographic transition is coupled by the rural-urban disparity in access to healthcare services among the elderly people in India. An important objective of India’s National Health Policy (2017) is to “progressively achieve universal health coverage” which is posited upon mitigating the sub-national disparity that necessitates identifying the drivers of the disparity for targeted policy intervention. This study, therefore, makes an attempt towards the exploration of the prominent contributory factors behind the rural-urban gap in utilisation of healthcare among the older population in India. Methods The analysis has been done by using the unit level data of Social Consumption: Health (Schedule number 25.0) of the 75th round of the National sample Survey conducted during July 2017–June 2018. Two binary logistic models have been proposed to capture the crude and the adjusted association between health seeking behaviour and place of residence (rural/ urban). To compute the group differences (between rural and urban) in the rate of healthcare utilization among the elderly population in India and to decompose these differences into the major contributing factors, Fairlie’s decomposition method has been employed. Results The logistic regression models established a strong association between place of residence and likelihood of healthcare utilisation among the Indian elderly people. The results of the Fairlie’s decomposition analysis revealed considerable rural-urban inequality disfavouring the rural residents and health care utilisation was found to be 7 percentage points higher among the older population residing in urban India than their rural counterparts. Level of education and economic status, both of which are indicators of a person’s Socio-Economic Status, were the two major determinants of the existing rural-urban differential in healthcare utilisation, together explaining 41% of the existing rural-urban differential. Conclusion Public health care provisions need to be strengthened both in terms of quality and outreach by way of greater public investments in the health sector and by building advanced health infrastructure in the rural areas. Implementation of poverty alleviation programmes and ensuring social-security of the elderly are also indispensable in bringing about equity in healthcare utilisation.

scholarly journals Health and associated social problems of elderly population in an urban setting: a study from Kolkata, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4406
Author(s):  
Kallol Kumar Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
World Population ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Background: World population is aging, in its truest sense of the term. Therefore socio-economic condition of the elderly population is changing constantly, which is adversely affected by various health problems during their way of life course. This study aimed to describe the relation between different comorbidities and social problems of the elderly people. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out by house to house visit in an urban setting in greater Kolkata area, the field practice area of a family physician. A total of 208 elderly patients (60 years old and above) were interviewed using a pre-tested schedule. Study findings were recorded in terms of proportions and percentages and its correlation to social problems was searched. Results: Male older adults were more than their female counterparts, though widows were more in numbers than widowers. Most of them were having multiple morbidities (87.98%). Visual impairment was the commonest problem detected in the studied elderly population with prevalence of 75.96% (158/208). Prevalence of hypertension was 68.75% (143/208). Other significant morbidities seen are auditory, musculoskeletal, urinary, cardiac etc. Conclusions: The result of the study showed that health problem has a significant relation with increasing age in human beings. Awareness generation should be done among the elderly people for regular health check-ups to ensure prevention and early detection of many chronic diseases. So the strategies are required to bring about the quality of life in health, which should be an equal responsibility for individual, family, society and the government.  

The association of food insecurity with sociodemographic factors and depression in the elderly population of Qarchak city – Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Rafat ◽  
Arezoo Rezazadeh ◽  
Pishva Arzhang ◽  
Abbas Alipourr
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adequate Food

Purpose Elderly people are at higher risk of food insecurity because of limited or uncertain inaccessibility to adequate food supply. This is not only as a result of economic limitation but also as the outcome of the inability to intake food because of cognitive or functional impairment and health problems. Because of the lack of data about food insecurity and depression among the elderly population in Iran, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and depression with food insecurity among the elderly population. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was performed in 2016 on 720 elderly people of Qarchak city that were selected by the proportional stratified sampling method. Food insecurity was evaluated using the FaCPS-FSSM food security questionnaire; Geriatric Depression Scale questionnaire to measure the score of depression and the socioeconomic questionnaire filled out during interviews. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS version 22 software. Findings Food insecurity was found in 396 (56.1%) of the elderly population. Food insecure elderly population had lower education (P < 0.001). While the percentage of educated individuals who were in food security was 53.2%, the percentage for not educated participants was 28.7%. Household economic status (P < 0.001). Data showed 64.6% of individuals with the normal economic condition were in food security, and the percent for the poor economic condition was 37.2%. Food insecurity was highly associated with depression in the elderly population (odds ratio: 4.76, 8.92 and 3.32 for mild, moderate and severe hunger, respectively, P < 0.001). Originality/value Food insecurity is related to low economic status and education. The results of this study indicated that food help from governmental organizations, charities and having health insurance may be associated with reduced risk of food insecurity in the elderly population and consequently lower depression prevalence among them.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Depresi pada Lansia Pensiunan di Kecamatan Jekan Raya Kota Palangka Raya

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
Syam'ani Syam'ani
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
The World ◽  
Day By Day

The population of the population in the world is increasing day by day. One of the age groups that have a significant increase in the elderly group. Projections and data found about the elderly are a concern that is of interest to the whole world because along with the increase in population it is accompanied by physical and psychological problems that accompany it. This study aims to identify factors that affect depression in retired elderly people. The design used in this study uses a research design: "CROSS-SECTIONAL". In this study, the population is elderly retirees who live in the area of Jekan Raya Subdistrict, Palangka Raya City. The sampling technique in this study uses consecutive sampling technique, which is the best type of non-probability sampling, that is, all objects that come sequentially and meet the selection criteria are included in the study until the number of subjects needed is fulfilled, namely as many as 100 people. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between sex (p: 0.671), employment status (p: 0.994), marital status (p: 0.726), education (p: 0.988), and the level of depression in retired civil servants in Jekan Subdistrict Raya Kota Palangka Raya. This research is expected to contribute positively to the management of elderly people with depression so that they are able to adapt to changes that occur due to the aging process.

scholarly journals The Determining Factors of Elderly People to Continue their Work Activities in Palembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2008-2014
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Social Security Program ◽  
Security Education ◽  
Education And Health

This research study focuses on the determination factors of elderly that still continue their work activities in the city of Palembang. The purpose of this study is to find out how the influence of Social Security, Education and Health on the decision of the elderly people to continue their work activities in Palembang. The method of data analysis in this study uses the binary logistic regression method in which all variables (independent and dependent) use 2 categories (binary). The results of the estimated data, it is known that the variable Social Security, Education and Health has a significant influence on the decision of the elderly people to continue their work activities in Palembang. Odds Ratio value of 0.046 means that the elderly population who have an elderly social security program have a probability of choosing not to work by 0.046 times when compared to the elderly population who does not have an elderly social security program. Odds Ratio value of 12.298 means that the elderly population completing tertiary education has a probability of choosing to continue working 12.298 times compared to the elderly population completing primary and secondary education. Odds Ratio value of 20.153 means that the elderly population who goes to the doctor/clinic for treatment at least once per 3 months has a chance of continuing to work 20,153 times compared to the elderly population who goes to the doctor/clinic for treatment more than once every 3 months. Nagelkerke's R-Square value is 0.524. This implies that 52.4% of the variation in the independent variable can explain the dependent variable, while the remaining 47.6% is explained by non-model factors or by other variables not examined.

scholarly journals Gendered Articulations of Control and Care on Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katinka Linnamäki
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
System Of Care ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this paper is to examine the Hungarian Fidesz-KDNP government´s discursive practices of control and care during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper researches the Hungarian government’s communication on the official Hungarian COVID-19 Facebook page during the first wave of the pandemic. Its aim is to answer the question how the Hungarian government articulated control and care to reinforce sedimented gendered division of care work and institutions of control to tackle the potential disruption of the system of care before the widespread vaccination of the elderly population was available in the country. The paper argues that the pandemic has allowed the government to exert control in areas, such as the crisis in the workforce market and health care system, as well as in the destabilized system of care work. The main finding is that in the material the government performs control over care work, whose intensified discussion during the pandemic could lead to a potential disruption within the illiberal logic on two different levels. First, physical care work related to immediate physical needs, like hunger, clothing, pain enacted by female shoppers, female health care workers and female social workers, is newly defined during the pandemic as local, family-bound and a naturally female task. Second, the government articulates care work, either as potentially harmful (for the elderly population and thus indirectly to the government’s familialist politics), or as vulnerable and in need of protection from outside influences (portrayed through the interaction of health care workers and “hospital commanders”). This enables the government to perform full state control over care workers through the mobilization of police and military masculinity and to strengthen and re-naturalize the already existing hierarchies between traditional gender roles from a new perspective during the pandemic. This state of affairs highlights the vulnerability both of the elderly population, on whom its familialism builds, and of the system of informal care work, which builds on the unpaid care work of female citizens, who paradoxically are also articulated as potential harm for the elderly and for the system.

scholarly journals Differential effect of gender, marital status, religion, ethnicity, education and employment status on mental health during COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Abiodun Musbau Lawal ◽  
Emmanuel Onu Alhassan ◽  
Hammed Oladeji Mogaji ◽  
Ikenna Maximillian Odoh ◽  
Ekong Akpan Essien
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Education And Employment

A Discriminant Analysis of Committed and Voluntary Psychiatric Patients

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Nicholson ◽  
Joseph M. Horn
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Double Cross

Eleven background, diagnostic, and hospitalization characteristics were used to discriminate committed and voluntary psychiatric patients in a double cross-validation design. Diagnosis was more important than individual social and status resources (race, marital status, education, and employment status) in discriminating the two groups of patients. Further, characteristics of hospitalization (length of stay, percentage of patients receiving maximum benefit from treatment, and frequency of discharge referrals) did not contribute significantly to discrimination of the two groups, suggesting that committed and voluntary patients did not differ with regard to the adequacy or effectiveness of treatment in the hospital.

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