Successful Application of a Galanin-Coated Scaffold for Periodontal Regeneration

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110288
Author(s):  
W. Ma ◽  
H. Lyu ◽  
M. Pandya ◽  
G. Gopinathan ◽  
X. Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Bioreactor Culture ◽  
Subcutaneous Implantation ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Coating Agent ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Novel Scaffold

The nervous system exerts finely tuned control over all aspects of the life of an organism, including pain, sensation, growth, and development. Recent developments in tissue regeneration research have increasingly turned to small molecule peptides to tailor and augment the biological response following tissue loss or injury. In the present study, we have introduced the small molecule peptide galanin (GAL) as a novel scaffold-coating agent for the healing and regeneration of craniofacial tissues. Using immunohistochemistry, we detected GAL and GAL receptors in healthy periodontal tissues and in the proximity of blood vessels, while exposure to our periodontal disease regimen resulted in a downregulation of GAL. In a 3-dimensional bioreactor culture, GAL coating of collagen scaffolds promoted cell proliferation and matrix synthesis. Following subcutaneous implantation, GAL-coated scaffolds were associated with mineralized bone-like tissue deposits, which reacted positively for alizarin red and von Kossa, and demonstrated increased expression and protein levels of RUNX2, OCN, OSX, and iBSP. In contrast, the GAL receptor antagonist galantide blocked the effect of GAL on Runx2 expression and inhibited mineralization in our subcutaneous implantation model. Moreover, GAL coating promoted periodontal regeneration and a rescue of the periodontal defect generated in our periodontitis model mice. Together, these data demonstrate the efficacy of the neuropeptide GAL as a coating material for tissue regeneration. They are also suggestive of a novel role for neurogenic signaling pathways in craniofacial and periodontal regeneration.

scholarly journals Application of a BMP2-binding heparan sulphate to promote periodontal regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
BQ Le ◽  
◽  
JH Too ◽  
TC Tan ◽  
RAA Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Heparan Sulphate ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Combination Device

Periodontitis is the most common inflammatory disease that leads to periodontal defects and tooth loss. Regeneration of alveolar bone and soft tissue in periodontal defects is highly desirable but remains challenging. A heparan sulphate variant (HS3) with enhanced affinity for bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) that, when combined with collagen or ceramic biomaterials, enhances bone tissue regeneration in the axial and cranial skeleton in several animal models was reported previously. In the current study, establishing the efficacy of a collagen/HS3 device for the regeneration of alveolar bone and the adjacent periodontal apparatus and related structures was sought. Collagen sponges loaded with phosphate-buffered saline, HS3, BMP2, or HS3 + BMP2 were implanted into surgically-created intra-bony periodontal defects in rat maxillae. At the 6 week end- point the maxillae were decalcified, and the extent of tissue regeneration determined by histomorphometrical analysis. The combination of collagen/HS3, collagen/BMP2 or collagen/HS3 + BMP2 resulted in a three to four-fold increase in bone regeneration and up to a 1.5 × improvement in functional ligament restoration compared to collagen alone. Moreover, the combination of collagen/HS3 + BMP2 improved the alveolar bone height and reduced the amount of epithelial growth in the apical direction. The implantation of a collagen/ HS3 combination device enhanced the regeneration of alveolar bone and associated periodontal tissues at amounts comparable to collagen in combination with the osteogenic factor BMP2. This study highlights the efficacy of a collagen/HS3 combination device for periodontal regeneration that warrants further development as a point-of-care treatment for periodontitis-related bone and soft tissue loss.

Regenereation in periodontics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtaza Kaderi ◽  
Mohsin Ali ◽  
Alfiya Ali ◽  
Tasneem Kaderi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Guided Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Extensive Documentation

The goals of periodontal therapy are to arrest of periodontal disease progression and to attain the regeneration of the periodontal apparatus. Osseous grafting and Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) are the two techniques with the most extensive documentation of periodontal regeneration. However, these techniques offer limited potential towards regenerating the periodontal tissues. Recent surgical procedures and application of newer materials aim at greater and more predictable regeneration with the concept of tissue engineering for enhanced periodontal regeneration and functional attachment have been developed, analyzed, and employed in clinical practice

scholarly journals Tooth-Supporting Hard Tissue Regeneration Using Biopolymeric Material Fabrication Strategies

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4802
Author(s):  
Min Guk Kim ◽  
Chan Ho Park
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Mineralized Tissues ◽  
Biomechanical Forces

The mineralized tissues (alveolar bone and cementum) are the major components of periodontal tissues and play a critical role to anchor periodontal ligament (PDL) to tooth-root surfaces. The integrated multiple tissues could generate biological or physiological responses to transmitted biomechanical forces by mastication or occlusion. However, due to periodontitis or traumatic injuries, affect destruction or progressive damage of periodontal hard tissues including PDL could be affected and consequently lead to tooth loss. Conventional tissue engineering approaches have been developed to regenerate or repair periodontium but, engineered periodontal tissue formation is still challenging because there are still limitations to control spatial compartmentalization for individual tissues and provide optimal 3D constructs for tooth-supporting tissue regeneration and maturation. Here, we present the recently developed strategies to induce osteogenesis and cementogenesis by the fabrication of 3D architectures or the chemical modifications of biopolymeric materials. These techniques in tooth-supporting hard tissue engineering are highly promising to promote the periodontal regeneration and advance the interfacial tissue formation for tissue integrations of PDL fibrous connective tissue bundles (alveolar bone-to-PDL or PDL-to-cementum) for functioning restorations of the periodontal complex.

scholarly journals Advances in mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium-mediated periodontal tissue regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbing Lin ◽  
Huishan Chen ◽  
Xuetao Zhao ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Peipei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Indirect Treatment ◽  
Direct Use

AbstractPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of both soft and hard periodontal tissues. Complete periodontal regeneration in clinics using the currently available treatment approaches is still a challenge. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising potential to regenerate periodontal tissue in various preclinical and clinical studies. The poor survival rate of MSCs during in vivo transplantation and host immunogenic reaction towards MSCs are the main drawbacks of direct use of MSCs in periodontal tissue regeneration. Autologous MSCs have limited sources and possess patient morbidity during harvesting. Direct use of allogenic MSCs could induce host immune reaction. Therefore, the MSC-based indirect treatment approach could be beneficial for periodontal regeneration in clinics. MSC culture conditioned medium (CM) contains secretomes that had shown immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative potential in pre-clinical and clinical studies. MSC-CM contains a cocktail of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, enzymes, and exosomes, extracellular vesicles, etc. MSC-CM-based indirect treatment has the potential to eliminate the drawbacks of direct use of MSCs for periodontal tissue regeneration. MSC-CM holds the tremendous potential of bench-to-bed translation in periodontal regeneration applications. This review focuses on the accumulating evidence indicating the therapeutic potential of the MSC-CM in periodontal regeneration-related pre-clinical and clinical studies. Recent advances on MSC-CM-based periodontal regeneration, existing challenges, and prospects are well summarized as guidance to improve the effectiveness of MSC-CM on periodontal regeneration in clinics.

Regeneration of Periodontal Tissues in Non-human Primates with rhGDF-5 and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1416-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.B. Emerton ◽  
S.J. Drapeau ◽  
H. Prasad ◽  
M. Rohrer ◽  
P. Roffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Periodontal Tissue Regeneration

The application of growth factors has been advocated in support of periodontal regeneration. Recombinant human growth and differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5), a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family, has been used to encourage periodontal tissue regeneration. This study evaluated the dose response of rhGDF-5 lyophilized onto beta-tricalcium phosphate (bTCP) granules for periodontal tissue regeneration in a baboon model. Periodontal defects were created bilaterally in 12 baboons by a split-mouth design. Plaque was allowed to accumulate around wire ligatures to create chronic disease. After 2 mos, the ligatures were removed, and a notch was placed at the base of the defect. Two teeth on each side of the mouth were randomly treated with bTCP only, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg rhGDF-5/g bTCP. Animals were sacrificed 5 mos post-treatment, with micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis performed. After 5 mos, analysis showed alveolar bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament formation in all treatment groups, with a dose-dependent increase in rhGDF-5-treated groups. Height of periodontal tissues also increased with the addition of rhGDF-5, and the amount of residual graft material decreased with rhGDF-5 treatment. Therefore, rhGDF-5 delivered on bTCP demonstrated effective regeneration of all 3 tissues critical for periodontal repair.

scholarly journals Revitalization of periodontally Compromised Tooth using Platelet-rich Fibrin

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
P Anuroopa ◽  
S Savita ◽  
Navnita Singh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Soft Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

ABSTRACT The primary objective of periodontal therapy is to gain access to the diseased sites, achieving reduction in pocket depth, arresting further disease progression, and finally restoring the periodontal tissues lost due to disease process. This can be achieved with the help of bone grafts and guided tissue regeneration. In recent times, the use of growth factors in different forms has been advocated to regulate various cell-stromal interactions in periodontal regeneration. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a rich source of autologous growth factors and cytokines, is an upcoming therapeutic approach in the management of periodontal osseous defects. Platelet-rich fibrin along with the commercially available bone grafts provides a potential for enhanced bone and soft tissue regeneration. This case report focuses on saving a mandibular anterior tooth with poor prognosis using PRF and alloplast bone graft to meet with the esthetic demand of patients. How to cite this article Singh N, Anuroopa P, Savita S. Revitalization of periodontally Compromised Tooth using Platelet-rich Fibrin. J Health Sci Res 2016;7(2):63-66.

scholarly journals Cyclodextrin-Based Supramolecular Complexes of Osteoinductive Agents for Dental Tissue Regeneration

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Masahiko Terauchi ◽  
Atsushi Tamura ◽  
Yoshinori Arisaka ◽  
Hiroki Masuda ◽  
Tetsuya Yoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Inclusion Complexation ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Small Molecule Drugs

Oral tissue regeneration has received growing attention for improving the quality of life of patients. Regeneration of oral tissues such as alveolar bone and widely defected bone has been extensively investigated, including regenerative treatment of oral tissues using therapeutic cells and growth factors. Additionally, small-molecule drugs that promote bone formation have been identified and tested as new regenerative treatment. However, treatments need to progress to realize successful regeneration of oral functions. In this review, we describe recent progress in development of regenerative treatment of oral tissues. In particular, we focus on cyclodextrin (CD)-based pharmaceutics and polyelectrolyte complexation of growth factors to enhance their solubility, stability, and bioactivity. CDs can encapsulate hydrophobic small-molecule drugs into their cavities, resulting in inclusion complexes. The inclusion complexation of osteoinductive small-molecule drugs improves solubility of the drugs in aqueous solutions and increases in vitro osteogenic differentiation efficiency. Additionally, various anionic polymers such as heparin and its mimetic polymers have been developed to improve stability and bioactivity of growth factors. These polymers protect growth factors from deactivation and degradation by complex formation through electrostatic interaction, leading to potentiation of bone formation ability. These approaches using an inclusion complex and polyelectrolyte complexes have great potential in the regeneration of oral tissues.

scholarly journals Surgical-prosthetic treatment of large mandibular cysts

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-368
Author(s):  
Ljubisa Dzambas ◽  
Asen Dzolev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Mandibular Bone

This paper presents a combined surgical-prosthetic procedure of reconstructing mandibular bone defect in a 53 year old patient, following enucleation of a mandibular cyst (Cystectomy Partsch II). After a thorough diagnostic evaluation, a surgical procedure was planned with the particular attention to the nature of the disease, patient?s condition, size and extension of the cyst, tissue loss, and the possibilities of prosthetic management of a mandibular bone defect with partial postresection dental prosthesis. It is of great importance to point to the significance of teamwork of a maxillofacial surgeon and a specialist in prosthodontics. This kind of cooperation provided very effective and less risky soft tissue, as well as bone tissue regeneration (osteogenesis). The patient?s recovery was fast, and he could return to his daily activities and work without significant changes regarding quality of life after surgery and prosthetic treatment.

scholarly journals Platelet-Rich Fibrin Promotes Periodontal Regeneration and Enhances Alveolar Bone Augmentation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Li ◽  
Shuang Pan ◽  
Smit J. Dangaria ◽  
Gokul Gopinathan ◽  
Antonia Kolokythas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Osteogenic Lineage

In the present study we have determined the suitability of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a complex scaffold for periodontal tissue regeneration. Replacing PRF with its major component fibrin increased mineralization in alveolar bone progenitors when compared to periodontal progenitors, suggesting that fibrin played a substantial role in PRF-induced osteogenic lineage differentiation. Moreover, there was a 3.6-fold increase in the early osteoblast transcription factor RUNX2 and a 3.1-fold reduction of the mineralization inhibitor MGP as a result of PRF application in alveolar bone progenitors, a trend not observed in periodontal progenitors. Subcutaneous implantation studies revealed that PRF readily integrated with surrounding tissues and was partially replaced with collagen fibers 2 weeks after implantation. Finally, clinical pilot studies in human patients documented an approximately 5 mm elevation of alveolar bone height in tandem with oral mucosal wound healing. Together, these studies suggest that PRF enhances osteogenic lineage differentiation of alveolar bone progenitors more than of periodontal progenitors by augmenting osteoblast differentiation, RUNX2 expression, and mineralized nodule formation via its principal component fibrin. They also document that PRF functions as a complex regenerative scaffold promoting both tissue-specific alveolar bone augmentation and surrounding periodontal soft tissue regeneration via progenitor-specific mechanisms.

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