The influence of inter-dialect contact on the Korean three-way laryngeal distinction: An acoustic comparison among Seoul Korean speakers and Gyeongsang speakers with limited and extended residence in Seoul

2021 ◽  
pp. 002383092110377
Author(s):  
Hyoju Kim ◽  
Allard Jongman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Cue Weighting ◽  
Acoustic Correlates

This exploratory study investigates the acoustic correlates of the Korean three-way laryngeal stop distinction in Gyeongsang long-term (LT) transplants who were born in the Gyeongsang region but moved to Seoul to pursue higher education. Acoustic data were collected from eight LT transplants, five short-term (ST) transplants, and 11 Seoul speakers to examine whether exposure to Seoul Korean (SK) affects Gyeongsang speakers’ cue-weighting in distinguishing stops in production. LT transplants produced stimuli in both Gyeongsang and Seoul dialects. A cue-weighting model based on the acoustic data reveals that voice onset time (VOT) is less important to distinguish lenis from aspirated stops for Seoul speakers and for LT transplants’ SK, as compared to ST transplants and LT transplants’ Gyeongsang Korean (GK). In addition, fundamental frequency (F0) is more important for the lenis–aspirated distinction for Seoul speakers and LT transplants’ SK, as compared to ST and LT transplants’ GK, showing that LT transplants rely less on VOT and more on F0 to distinguish lenis from aspirated stops compared to ST transplants. LT transplants’ SK reveals that they rely more on VOT and less on F0 compared to SK speakers. The cue-weighting model of the LT transplants provide empirical evidence that a series of sound changes in GK is due to inter-dialect contact.

The Evolving Knowledge Cities

2014 ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ayub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Benefits

This chapter discusses the emerging models of knowledge cities in many countries of the world and the potential challenges posed by them for the existing as well as the future academic institutions of higher education (universities) in those countries in particular and in the in world in general. Specifically, this chapter is dedicated to the study of various issues and themes that concern the evolving knowledge cities such as the long-term and short-term objectives behind the establishment of knowledge cities and their potential benefits (i.e., social, economic, financial, environmental, and knowledge) for their societies. The chapter concludes that the development of knowledge cities are beneficial for all stakeholders including the academic institutions of higher education that directly or indirectly associated with such programs.

Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-193
Author(s):  
Charlotte Baker ◽  
Rebecca J. Blankenship
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Learning Culture ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Higher Education Teaching

In this summary, authors Charlotte Baker and Rebecca Blankenship provide an overview of the cases and their impact on the overall DLI initiative. They also explore similar initiatives at other colleges and universities and how these technical transformations are changing the higher education teaching and learning culture. The authors examine the DLI in terms of other short-term, mid-term, and long-term goals as noted in the 2019 Horizon Report and how the DLI initiative can be used as a vehicle to actuate an ongoing culture of innovation and digital transformation in colleges and universities across the country.

Voice Onset Time in Consonant Cluster Errors: Can Phonetic Accommodation Differentiate Cognitive From Motor Errors?

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1577-1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Pouplier ◽  
Stefania Marin ◽  
Susanne Waltl
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Consonant Cluster ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Processing Level ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Phonetic accommodation in speech errors has traditionally been used to identify the processing level at which an error has occurred. Recent studies have challenged the view that noncanonical productions may solely be due to phonetic, not phonological, processing irregularities, as previously assumed. The authors of the present study investigated the relationship between phonological and phonetic planning processes on the basis of voice onset time (VOT) behavior in consonant cluster errors. Method Acoustic data from 22 German speakers were recorded while eliciting errors on sibilant-stop clusters. Analyses consider VOT duration as well as intensity and spectral properties of the sibilant. Results Of all incorrect responses, 28% failed to show accommodation. Sibilant intensity and spectral properties differed from correct responses irrespective of whether VOT was accommodated. Conclusions The data overall do not allow using (a lack of) accommodation as a diagnostic as to the processing level at which an error has occurred. The data support speech production models that allow for an integrated view of phonological and phonetic processing.

Variation in Voice Onset Time for Korean Stops

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Silva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Diachronic Change ◽  
Phonemic Level ◽  
The Voice

Abstract. Acoustic data elicited from 34 native speakers of Korean living in the United States pro-vide evidence for diachronic change in the voice onset time (VOT) of phrase-initial aspirated and lax stop phonemes. While older speakers produce aspirated and lax stops with clearly differentiated average VOT values, many younger speakers appear to have neutralized this difference, producing VOTs for aspirated stops that are substantially shorter than those of older speakers, and comparable to those for corresponding lax stops. The data further indicate that, within each age group, older speakers manifest sex-based differences in VOT while younger speakers do not. Despite this appar-ent shift in VOT values, the acoustic evidence suggests that all speakers in this study, regardless of age, continue to mark underlying differences between aspirated and lax stops in terms of stop closure and the fundamental frequency of the following vowel. It is concluded that the data point to a recent phonetic shift in the language, whereby VOT no longer serves as the primary cue to differentiate between lax and aspirated stops. There is not, however, evidence of any reorganization of the lan-guage as the phonemic level: the language's underlying lax ~ aspirated ~ tense contrasts endure.

scholarly journals Kenyan Universities: On the Brink of Financial Insolvency

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Ishmael Munene
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Financial Governance

The financial crisis engulfing Kenyan universities has impacted operations and raised doubts about long-term sustainability. This crisis has a double impetus: at the national level, policy changes impacting the entire system, and at the institutional level, challenges in terms of financial governance. A short-term solution requires an immediate infusion of cash, but a long-term strategy entails a multipronged reform in the financing of higher education at national and institutional levels.

scholarly journals Anti-Corruption Education Urgence for State Islamic Religious Teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Ahmad Asrin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Future ◽  
Result Show ◽  
The Government

The aims of this study to find out anti-corruption education urgence for state Islamic religious teachers. This study use Qualitative Research Methods. The result show that Corruption is seen as an extra ordinary crime, therefore it requires extraordinary efforts to eradicate it. Efforts to eradicate corruption which consists of two major parts, namely prosecution and prevention will never be optimally successful if only carried out by the government without involving public participation. Therefore it is not an exaggeration if students - as an important part of society who are the inheritors of the future - are expected to be actively involved in efforts to eradicate corruption in Indonesia. Of course, these efforts are still a discourse and the benefits will not be felt in the short term, but in the long term this discourse is believed to be fruitful. If higher education starts, especially PTKIN, it will inspire others, and one day it comes to efforts to draft a legal product with anti-corruption nuances that can be initiated in PTKIN, such as the Bill, Ranperda and the like. Hopefully PTKIN can play a more significant role in the future. Thus, corruption can be minimized and even eliminated from this beloved country, including through optimizing the role of PTKIN.

Parallel Voice Onset Time shift in Chinese Korean

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhua Jin ◽  
David J. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Language Evolution ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
Source Language ◽  
The Usa

Abstract This study reveals the existence of a Voice Onset Time shift in the Korean spoken by native speakers residing in northeast China, a shift parallel to those reported in other Korean varieties in Korea, the USA, and Canada. The VOT pattern observed in the Chinese Korean community is argued to represent a change that cannot be simply explained in terms of diffusion via recent dialect contact, or as a feature directly inherited from the source language when it was transplanted into China over a century ago. We suggest that behind the parallel VOT shifts is the power of “drift” that drives the different Korean varieties along similar journeys of language evolution. This study presents an intriguing case where internal changes driven by “drift” may actually be initiated and further supported by language/dialect contact.

Teacher Training Competences and Subsequent Training Design for Higher Education Plurilingual Programs

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-61
Author(s):  
Fernando D. Rubio-Alcalá ◽  
Saray Mallorquín
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Team Teaching ◽  
Training Design ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Language Difficulties ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Teacher Trainers

This chapter aims to elucidate needs and competences of content teachers participating in higher education multilingual programs in order to devise a tailored training program for those contexts in which the language is not used naturally, and in which the teachers usually present some language difficulties to deliver, and students to comprehend, the lessons. The chapter starts with a discussion of the teachers' needs and follows with an analysis of the competences for CLIL teaching, offering a list of indicators which are embraced in three main dimensions: language, methodology, and emotion. These indicators provide the framework for teacher trainers and other stakeholders to design training courses. The methodology of the training has also been discussed and advised, taking the form of workshops, team teaching, reflective teaching, and other options, in both short-term and long-term bases.

scholarly journals Errata

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 701-701
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Mate Preference ◽  
Work Demands ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Saliva Cortisol ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
The Impact

Lucas, M., Koff, E., Grossmith, S., & Migliorini, R. (2011) Sexual orientation and shifts in preferences for a partner's body attributes in short-term versus long-term mating contexts. Psychological Reports, 108, 699–710. Table 1, p. 705: the correct mean rating of Long-term mate preference for Waist-to-hip ratio is 0.73. The correct mean ratings and standard deviations of Muscularity is 2.83 and 1.10 for Long-term mate preference and 3.33 and 1.16 for Short-term mate preference. Submitted August 29, 2011. Devereux, J., Rydstedt, L. W., & Cropley, M. (2011) An exploratory study to assess the impact of work demands and the anticipation of work on awakening saliva cortisol. Psychological Reports, 108, 274–280. Georgia Michalianou should have been listed as the first author of this article. Submitted September 20, 2011.

scholarly journals University Funding Formulas: An Analysis of the Québec Reforms and Incentives

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Pier-André Bouchard St-Amant ◽  
Alexis-Nicolas Brabant ◽  
Éric Germain
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Simple Game ◽  
Substitution Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Funding Formula ◽  
University Funding ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Funding Formulas ◽  
Redistributive Effects

This paper analyzes the incentives induced by a formula to fund universities based primarily on enrolment. Using a simple game theoretical framework, we argue that inherently those formulas lower the funding per student. We argue that if the funding value differs by enrolment type, it introduces incentives to substitute enrolment where most profitable. We use these results to discuss the 2018 funding formula changes in Québec. Québec’s latest reform is an attempt to reduce substitution effects and increase graduate enrolment. We provide simulations of the reform’s redistributive effects. With the formula change, some universities have structural advantages over others. Whilst the reform, on a short-term basis, deploys a mechanism to mitigate these advantages, on a long-term basis the effect introduces a larger gap between Québec higher-education institutions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document