Living Standards in Britain 1900-2000: Women's Century?

2000 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 62-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Horrell
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Human Development ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Composite Measures

Two composite measures are calculated to map improvements in living standards over the 20th century: the Dasgupta–Weale index and the Human Development Index. A gendered version of the latter is also considered. Indicators of income, leisure, inequality, wealth, health, education and political rights are included. The indices reveal a century of progress. But progress has been neither continuous nor uniformly shared. Downturns are evident in some of the indicators since 1980, demonstrating that the gains are not immutable and need to be protected. Women‘s position has improved if the end of the century is compared to its beginning, but there has been little change in women's position relative to men's over the last few decades on the dimensions considered here.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN GERBANG EMAS BERSINAR DALAM MENGUKUR IPM DI KABUPATEN TABALONG

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-255
Author(s):  
Anang Syakhfiani ◽  
Sampara Lukman ◽  
Khasan Effendy ◽  
Marja Sinurat
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Catch Up

In the last ten years the Human Development Index (HDI) in Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan Province has always been at the bottom of all regencies/cities, namely between 9th and 10th, this is very sad because it is contrary to the condition of Tabalong District which is rich in Natural Resource. In connection with this the local government is trying to find ways to improve HDI so that it can catch up with other regions. Gerbang Emas Bersinar Program, which began in 2015 by local governments targeting mainly in the fields of economy, health education and people's welfare, was able to improve the HDI of Tabalong Regency, which had always been ranked lower in the last few years, always in the top 5. This research will explain how tGerbang Emas Bersinar Policy can contribute to the improvement of HDI in Tabalong Regency.

Living Standards in Sub–Saharan Africa: Current Situation and Stimulation of Growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Anna Kachanova
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
International Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Sub Saharan

The paper discusses possible ways to overcome one of the most relevant global problems – poverty in the developing countries. The study is based on a component analysis of the Human Development Index as a quantitative indicator of living standards for the three poorest countries in Sub–Saharan Africa – Burkina Faso, Ghana and Cote d’Ivoire – with close economic, geographical and diplomatic ties. The standard of living in each of the three countries and its dependence on four groups of the most important factors (export and import levels, net current transfers from abroad, grants from the International Development Association etc.) are analyzed. The human development index is used in the study as an indicator that most fully reflects the actual situation in the state in terms of living conditions of the population and opportunities for development available to them. The analysis carried out in the article made it possible to reveal the strength and direction of the relationship between the standard of living in each of the countries (HDI) and the factors identified earlier. Particular interest in the article is given to the description and interpretation of the results, which at first glance seem paradoxical and impossible, but upon a more detailed examination acquire a certain meaning and high significance. Recommendations are given to improve the situation in each of the listed countries, taking into account their economic and social characteristics, problems and prospects. Particular attention is paid to identifying individual strategies that will allow each of the countries to qualitatively increase the standard of living of the population and will help accelerate the development of the national economy.

scholarly journals Health Education and Vaccination for the Construction of Inclusive Societies

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 813
Author(s):  
Eduardo García-Toledano ◽  
Ascensión Palomares-Ruiz ◽  
Antonio Cebrián-Martínez ◽  
Emilio López-Parra
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Globalization has led to what has happened in a certain part of the world having a significant and rapid impact on other places, causing significant changes in health problems. In the last quarter of the 18th century, the history of vaccination began, becoming an effective tool to prevent and control communicable diseases. This paper proposes an observational research with a cross-sectional design to study the importance of health education and vaccination in building inclusive societies. With a sample of 1000 participants from 76 countries, vaccine awareness and regulation were analyzed, considering the following variables: gender, age, sector, Human Development Index (HDI), and continent. The instrument used was a questionnaire (VACUNASEDUCA) developed for this research and timely validated. As a result, it is highlighted that the profiles of women, people under 30 years of age, education sector, high Human Development Index, and European continent are those that most value the importance of raising awareness in society and the regulation of actions for vaccination compliance. The consequences of “vaccine reluctance” are of concern in every country on the planet. Therefore, it is concluded that effective and evidence-based communication is key to allaying fears and promoting acceptance of vaccination around the world, building inclusive societies in which all citizens enjoy the health benefits.

scholarly journals Penerapan Regresi Nonparametrik Spline dalam Memodelkan Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Tahun 2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
A. Asmira ◽  
Muhammad Nadjib Bustan ◽  
Muhammad Kasim Aidid
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Nonparametric Regression ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Selection Of

Abstrak. Human development index (HDI) is a measure used in monitoring and evaluating human development. Indicators used to measure HDI consists of three basic components of quality of life that is the life chances, knowledge and decent living standards. Several factors are thought to affect the HDI in the district/city in South Sulawesi province that labor force participation rates, the ratio of school pupils, overcrowding, health facilities, and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). When HDI and these factors are plotted then shows the pattern of data that is not to follow a certain pattern, so that the data can be applied to the nonparametric regression model spline truncated. Selection of the best model seen from the point of knots and the minimum value of GCV. Based on research, the value of the minimum GCV is at three knots point is equal to 5.33 Rated amounting to 80.29%.Keywords: Human development Index, GCV, Nonparametric Regression Spline, Knot Points

scholarly journals ANALISIS MAQASHID SYARIAH PADA INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Irwan Habibi Hasibuan ◽  
Hendri Tanjung ◽  
Ibdalsyah Ibdalsyah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Mental Health Education ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The World ◽  
Reason Maintenance

This study aims to determine the concept of human development made by UNDP, and its relevance to the condition of the developing country Indonesia at this time , and how the Islamic judge it. In addition , this study also aims to lift Islamic persefektif related human development, as a critique falsifies Human Development Index which is an instrument in determining the countries in the world in the category of developed, developing, undeveloped, or underdeveloped. From the research conducted, it was found that the concept of human development according to the UNDP and maqashid banking is not face to face with each other because both concepts are not mutually contradictory. This can be explained by considering three factors of human development made by UNDP (health, education, income) using Shari'ah maqashid scales consisting of human development in the field of religion, life, intellect, lineage and property. From the results of the comparison can be concluded that part of the maintenance of mental health, education part of the reason maintenance, and maintenance revenue part of the treasure.

Ein glücksökonomisch modifizierter Human Development Index für Deutschland (1920-1960)

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-278
Author(s):  
Tobias A. Jopp
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Third ◽  
Partial Indices ◽  
The Third Reich

Abstract The United Nations’ Human Development Index (HDI) has become an important tool for measuring and comparing living standards between countries and regions. However, the HDI has also attracted a fair share of conceptual criticism. Starting from Andrea Wagner’s historical estimations of a HDI for Germany in the interwar and early postwar period, we take up part of that criticism by implementing three essential modifications to the mode of calculation. We test how far they alter our picture of the relative living standard in the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich, and the Federal Republic of Germany. First, we replace the arithmetic mean by the geometric mean, which is said to solve the problem of perfect substitutability; second, we extend the HDI by an additional fourth dimension measuring economic and political freedom – an important, though neglected, dimension; and third, as the perhaps most crucial conceptual intervention, we develop weighting schemes for the partial indices that are theoretically backed by happiness economic research. Thus, we challenge the common, but arbitrary fundamental assumption that all partial indices receive equal weights. Our results show that the HDI for Germany reacts very sensitively to conceptual interventions, making it difficult to use it for the intertemporal and international comparison of living standards. We also find that the proposed modified HDIs allow for a re-evaluation of the living standard in interwar Germany; and in contrast to what the reference estimations on the HDI for Germany say, there is a profound discontinuity between the Third Reich and post-war Germany in terms of living standards.

Economic Activity Rates in Asia-Pacific Countries With a High Human Development Index

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Лариса Савинкина ◽  
Larisa Savinkina ◽  
Екатерина Дроздова ◽  
Ekaterina Drozdova ◽  
Г. Перминова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The paper presents the results of the research revealing the economic activity of the population of Asia-Pacific countries (The Republic of Korea, Japan, the Russian Federation, and the People’s Republic of China) who have a high human development index. The data of the paper were received with the help of the methodology developed by the International Labour Organization. The authors have come to the conclusion that countries with a high human development index are characterized by the average level of the economic activity of the population (not exceeding 65%). This level allows a person or a household to have the income which is enough to provide high living standards, invest into human capital assets, and raise the human development index. Consequently, the economic activity of the population makes provisions for human development which in turn refi nes the quality and eff ectiveness of the country’s manpower.

scholarly journals The living standard of miners in Biscay (1876-1936): wages, the human development index and height

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Escudero ◽  
Pedro M. Pérez Castroviejo
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Development Index

AbstractRecent research on working-class living standards during the Industrial Revolution has shown that wages do not cover all welfare components — for instance, working conditions, leisure time or the «access rights» needed make one prosper (health, education and freedom). This is why studies have been published in which wages are compared with other living standard indicators. Following this line of research, our paper examines the evolution of welfare among Biscayan miners between 1876 and 1936 by contrasting real wages, Human Development Index and height. An additional contribution of the paper is that we relate the high morbi-mortality in the Biscayan working-class neighbourhoods with market failures derived from urbanisation, a connection not explicitly considered in the literature on living standards during the Industrial Revolution. These market failures were known by liberal politicians because the hygienists urged the intervention of the State to correct or, at least, ease them. However, the town councils in the Bilbao mining zone took more than 20 years to put into practice the measures proposed by the hygienists.

What Does Human Development Index Rating Mean in Terms of Individualism/Collectivism?

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Sotelo ◽  
Luis Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

The authors explore an alternative way of analyzing the relationship between human development and individualism. The method is based on the first principal component of Hofstede's individualism index in the Human Development Index rating domain. Results suggest that the general idea that greater wealth brings more individualism is only true for countries with high levels of development, while for middle or low levels of development the inverse is true.

Capaian pembangunan manusia: analisis komparatif Provinsi Banten, Jawa Barat dan DKI Jakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriwati Adriwati
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Long Life ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Paradigm

Human development is a development paradigm that puts human (population) as the focus and final target of all development activities, namely the achievement of control over resources (income to achieve decent living), improvement of health status (long life and healthy life) and improve education. To see the success rate of human development, UNDP publishes an indicator of Human Development Index (HDI). This study discusses the achievements of human development that have been pursued by the government. The problem analyzed in this research is the difference of human development achievement in some provincial government in Indonesia. This paper aims to compare the achievements of human development in some provincial governments seen from the achievement of human development index of each province. Research location in Banten Province, West Java and DKI Jakarta.Keywords:Human Development Index, Human Development Achievement

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