Capabilities and Linguistic Justice

2021 ◽  
pp. 003232172110338
Author(s):  
Nico Brando ◽  
Sergi Morales-Gálvez
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
Political World ◽  
Linguistic Justice ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
Justice Theories ◽  
The Relationship

Language conditions our socio-political world in fundamental ways. How public institutions deal with linguistic diversity, and how they distribute linguistic benefits, has an important impact on an individuals’ life. This article studies the value of language in multilingual environments by evaluating the debate on linguistic justice through the capabilities approach. It studies the value of language to assess what principles of justice are required to secure individual freedom. First, we explore the value of language within the framework proposed by the capabilities approach. Second, we assess the role of language in enabling the development of certain capabilities. As a first attempt to comprehensively address the relationship between linguistic justice and the capabilities approach, it evaluates how linguistic justice theories fare in fostering four capabilities from Martha Nussbaum’s list. We provide a conceptually sound normative assessment of the role played by language within the capabilities framework, and how it translates into policy.

scholarly journals The university-industry relationship under diferent approaches: the entrepreneurial university to academic capitalism

Educação ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Evandro Coggo Cristofoletti ◽  
Milena Pavan Serafim
Keyword(s):  
Academic Capitalism ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Entrepreneurial University ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Industry Relationship ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Industry

The economic and political changes in the world, from the 1970s, changed the political education of the Public Institutions of Higher Education in the world. The direction of these changes was clear: the university approachedthe market and the company and created interaction mechanisms that did not exist. The article therefore reviews the academic literature that interprets the relationship between university and market/company from two perspectives: approaches that positively position of interactions, exposing their motivations, interests and forms of interaction, especially the notions on Knowledge Economy and Entrepreneurial University; approaches that observe this interaction critically and reflectively, exposing the problems of interaction, its negative aspects and the reflection of the true role of the public university from the perspective of Academic Capitalism.

scholarly journals HOW STRICTLY DID THE ATHENIAN COURTS APPLY THE LAW? THE ROLE OF EPIEIKEIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Nicomachean Ethics ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Positivist Approach

Abstract H. Meyer‐Laurin has claimed that the Athenian courts took a stricti iuris approach to the law and did not take extenuating circumstances into account. Other scholars (Mirhady, Todd) have claimed that the courts sometimes ignored the law and took extra‐legal considerations into account, which was called ‘fairness’ (epieikeia). The essay begins with a careful reading of Aristotle's analysis of ‘fairness’ (epieikeia) in the Nicomachean Ethics and the Rhetoric and draws on an important essay by J. Brunschwig. Fairness was not a doctrine that attempted to undermine the authority of the law or placed the law of the city in opposition to the unwritten laws or the common law of mankind. Nor did the application of fairness introduce non‐legal factors into adjudication. Rather, fairness dealt with the problem of treating exceptions to the general rule contained in a specific written law. The essay then shows how litigants used arguments based on fairness and how the courts sometimes took extenuating circumstances into account. When Athenian judges swore to decide according to the laws of Athens, they did not just consider the law under which the accuser had brought his case. They could also take into account general principles of justice implicit in the laws of Athens as a whole. In this way, they avoided a rigid positivist approach to law. Finally, the essay sheds some light on the relationship between Aristotle's Rhetoric and the arguments used in the Athenian courts.

scholarly journals Linguistic Justice and Endangered Languages

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Reinier Salverda
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
World Language ◽  
Theoretical Level ◽  
Basic Resource ◽  
Linguistic Justice ◽  
Language Area ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Level

Abstract This contribution will engage with Van Parijs’s approach to linguistic justice and his working principles for the reduction of unfairness in the language domain (in particular, the need for intervention and his territorial principle), reflecting on a range of cases of multilingual practice and linguistic coexistence – respectively, in the multilingual capital of the world which is London today; in Fryslân, the minority language area in northern Netherlands; and in Europe, through its European Charter of Regional Minority Languages. Overall, my argument, on a theoretical level, is for the further exploration of the relationship between linguistic diversity and human rights in civil society; and, on a practical level, for the development of a World Language Atlas as envisaged by UNESCO, containing vital information on all the world’s languages – an urgently needed basic resource for policy-making, to ensure, especially for the world’s many endangered languages, the linguistic justice and fairness advocated by Van Parijs.

scholarly journals Manager’s Age, Sustainable Entrepreneurial Orientation and Sustainable Performance: A Conceptual Outlook

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3196
Author(s):  
Farah Ameer ◽  
Naveed R. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Scholars have investigated the direct linkage between manager’s age and sustainable corporate performance, however, the mixed results and conflicting findings on the nature of the relationship demand further explanation through the missing constructs. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of sustainable entrepreneurial orientation in the manager’s age and sustainable performance. This study develops a conceptual link by using a dynamic capabilities approach and upper echelon perspective, indicating that younger managers can adopt a more holistic approach towards sustainable practices which can enhance the environmental, social and economic performance of firms. This implies that the relationship between manager’s age and sustainable performance can be explained through sustainable entrepreneurial orientation (SEO) which can play a key role in setting organizational direction towards sustainable development and achieving sustainable business performance. This study contributes to the literature by examining the role of SEO in the relationship between the manager’s age and sustainable performance. This research will help practitioners recognize the importance of minimizing environmental and social problems generating due to organizational production activities. This will lead to profit generation as well as value creation for nature and the local community.

What is Labour Law? Implications of the Capability Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-140
Author(s):  
Brian Langille
Keyword(s):  
Capability Approach ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Legal Subject ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Capability Approach

Creating real capabilities to engage in decent work is a vital social project. Labour law is best conceived of as that part of our law which seeks to remove obstacles to, and to nurture, such capabilities. Labour law’s undertaking is thus part of the larger project of human development—of advancing the cause of substantive human freedom conceived of as the real capacity to lead a life we have reason to value. On this view, the world of labour law is large (it is concerned with all who work) and its mission one which is both important and coheres with our basic values in all aspects of our lives. But labour law has, at present, another account of itself, long successful, but which is narrower and less ambitious. The legal starting point for that view is contract, and labour law’s mission is to control contract power. This is an important but narrower normative vision, which both restricts our understanding of what labour law is and limits its scope of application. Attempts to advance labour law’s self-understanding by appealing to the capability approach have been made, but met with resistance. In this chapter, this encounter is reviewed and assessed by examining the role of the capabilities approach (CA) in constituting labour law as a legal subject. In so doing, this chapter draws attention to another issue—the relationship between the normative narrative underpinning a discipline such as labour law (whatever it may be) and its expression in law.

scholarly journals Media communication strategies in the central public administration

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 191-211
Author(s):  
Dumitrela Florentina Cantor ◽  
Mihaela Rus ◽  
Tănase Tasențe
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship

From year to year, the role of Social Media has become increasingly important. In this context, public institutions in Romania have started to use social networks more and more often, in order to increase the interest of citizens for interaction through social media. Usually, online communication channels do not replace other means of communication, but offer the advantage of the large number of users who are increasingly active in these social networks. Also, public institutions maintain a close relationship with the media, given the fact that it can be a good channel of communication with citizens. Through this communication channel, they build a favorable image and make the activity of public administration transparent, which leads to an improvement in the relationship with citizens. Therefore, the relations of public institutions with the media are materialized through the organization of press conferences, through press releases or interviews with public administration leaders.

Rough Music: Tosca and Verismo Reconsidered

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arman Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Close Reading ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Italian Opera ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Previous Scholarship

Abstract This article offers a new interpretation of the operatic phenomenon known as verismo, and of the relationship of Puccini's Tosca with that movement. In contrast to previous scholarship on verismo, which often treats the relationship between literature and music as transparent, I stress that marrying empiricist aesthetics to traditional operatic values was a highly unnatural process. I suggest that Italian opera in the 1890s was pushed to a sort of crisis point, and that the very act of singing could no longer be taken as self-evident. Composers developed a set of new techniques——offstage song, performer-characters, an extreme reliance on bells——to deal with this sudden untenability of operatic convention. All of these techniques were elaborated most fully in Tosca, and the opera might be read as an allegory of the verismo moment, embodying the conflict between hard-nosed realism and unapologetic singing in its two antagonists: Baron Scarpia and Floria Tosca. The plot clearly endorses Tosca's position, but a close reading of the opera's music suggests a rather different interpretation. By focusing on the role of bells in the opera, I argue that realistic sound often overwhelms the autonomy of the characters, at times seeming to collapse them into the scenery itself. Early critics were disturbed by this aspect of the music. Listening to the opera with their ears may help us realize that——despite its overt celebration of individual freedom, and its much-lauded critique of state-sanctioned violence——Tosca exhibits an antisubjective impulse that has much in common with other ““Fascist”” and ““proto-Fascist”” texts.

scholarly journals The Role of Justice in the Relationship of Sexism and Violence Against Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. e1591
Author(s):  
Tamyres Tomaz Paiva ◽  
Cicero Roberto Pereira
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scope Of Justice ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The application of the principles of justice is restricted in romantic relationships, contributing to the acceptance of violence against women. The objective was to analyze whether the perception of university students about the scope of justice will be the element that justifies the acceptance of violence against women. 305 university students participated. The results showed that the most sexist people, who also believe that the world is a fair place, are the ones that restrict the scope of justice application the most, that is, they perceive marriage as being excluded from that scope. Therefore, this study adds important data in studies on the role of the social context in legitimizing social inequalities.

scholarly journals State’s Authority Concerning Health Protection in Ordinary Times and During Epidemics

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Meller
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Life Goals ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Fundamental Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

Life and health as fundamental matters are major concerns for every human being. To this end, he / she should be assisted by the community in which they live. If the foundation of social life is the personalistic principle, the recognition of the primacy of the dignity of the person, among other values, is constructed on the principles of subsidiarity and solidarity. It is the role of the healthcare institution to create such conditions, in which the safest and the most effective methods of treatment and prevention are available, and the individual can consciously select which of these realises his or her good to the greatest extent, in accordance with the recognised hierarchy of values, the accepted worldview, and life goals. The aim of this article is to analyse the relationship between the community and the individual, in the field of healthcare, under normal conditions and during epidemics. The existence of specific threats may suggest that exceptions to the fundamental rules of social life: autonomy, subsidiarity, and social solidarity, are permissible. However, the recognition of the fundamental value of the dignity of the person, requires the community to apply the same rules as in normal times, although many activities of public institutions are intensified in times of more serious danger.

scholarly journals Distributive justice and the durability of peace agreements

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1137-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL DRUCKMAN ◽  
CECILIA ALBIN
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negotiated Agreements ◽  
The Core ◽  
Peace Agreements ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between principles of distributive justice (DJ) and the durability of negotiated agreements. Sixteen peace agreements negotiated during the early 1990s were coded for the centrality of each of four principles of DJ – equality, proportionality, compensation, and need – to the core terms of the agreement. The agreements were also assessed on scales of implementation and durability over a five-year period. Another variable included in the analysis was the difficulty of the conflict environment. These data were used to evaluate three sets of hypotheses: the relationship between DJ and durability, the role of the conflict environment, and types of DJ principles. The results obtained from both statistical and focused-comparison analyses indicate that DJ moderates the relationship between conflict environments and outcomes: when principles of justice arecentral toan agreement, the negative effects of difficult conflict environments are reduced; when principles are not central, the negative effects of difficulty are heightened. These relationships are accounted for primarily by one of the four DJ principles – equality. Implications of these findings are discussed along with a number of ideas for further research.

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