scholarly journals Reducing the Effect of Functional Disability on Life Satisfaction Among Persons With a Lived Experience of an Infectious Viral Disease in Taiwan: A Tri-Mediation Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 003435522098082
Author(s):  
Ming Hung Wang ◽  
Jessica Marie Brooks ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
Jia Rung Wu ◽  
Xiangli Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Disability Acceptance

The purpose of the study was to examine whether disability acceptance, hope, and resilience mediate the relationship between functional disability and life satisfaction in people with a lived experience of an infectious viral disease (i.e., polio and postpolio syndrome [PPS]). Participants consisted of 157 individuals diagnosed with polio or PPS who were recruited from two community support organizations in Taiwan. Participants completed self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed with a simultaneous regression analysis. The tri-mediation model indicated that disability acceptance, hope, and resilience were associated with life satisfaction, accounting for a large effect size of 46% of the variance in the life satisfaction scores. The direct effect of functional disability on life satisfaction became insignificant when the mediators were controlled for in the model. Hope, disability acceptance, and resilience were found to fully explain the association between functional disability and life satisfaction. This study demonstrated that positive psychosocial factors might help to buffer the indirect and direct negative effects of functional disability on life satisfaction. Implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice when supporting individuals with a lived experience of an infectious viral disease, including COVID-19, are discussed.

Core Self-Evaluations as a Mediator Between Functional Disability and Life Satisfaction in College Students With Disabilities Majoring in Science and Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Miller Smedema ◽  
Joseph S. Pfaller ◽  
Rana A. Yaghmaian ◽  
Hayley Weaver ◽  
Elizabeth da Silva Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
College Students With Disabilities ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Core Self ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: To examine the mediational effect of core self-evaluations (CSE) on the relationship between functional disability and life satisfaction.Methods: A quantitative descriptive design using multiple regression analysis. The participants were 97 college students with disabilities receiving services through Hunter College’s Minority-Disability Alliance (MIND Alliance) in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.Results: CSE was a partial mediator between functional disability and life satisfaction. After controlling for CSE, functional disability was no longer a significant predictor of life satisfaction.Conclusions: CSE partially mediated the impact of functional disability on life satisfaction. Future research should explore the development of interventions to increase CSE to reduce the effect of disability and to improve life satisfaction and employment outcomes for individuals with disabilities.

Taking Levels of Analysis in Humor more Seriously: Comment on Romero and Arendt

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Sosik
Keyword(s):  
Operational Definition ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Humor Styles ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Team Cooperation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Humor is a phenomenon that can simultaneously coexist at the individual, dyadic, and group levels, making its measurement and conceptualization complex. In a recent field study, Romero and Arendt (2011) examined relationships between four humor styles (i.e., affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, self-defeating) and four outcomes (i.e., stress, satisfaction with co-workers, team cooperation, organizational commitment), however, the latter was apparently measured as a self-report at the individual level of analysis. Their interesting results indicated different humor styles can have either positive or negative effects on these outcome variables. However, if their operational definition—and hence their conceptualization—of humor is based on self-report by the initiator, it may be problematic to use it at the dyadic and group levels because it potentially mixes levels of analysis and may cause misalignment between data and theory. Cautions and implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effects of Group Music Therapy on Levels of Anxiety, Depression, Well-Being, Functional Disability, and Distress in Adult Congolese Refugees

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Spring 2020) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Group Music Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Refugees have a variety of mental health needs due to their experiences, including trauma, anxiety, and depression. Psychotherapy, one of the main modalities for treatment, presents limitations including language barriers and negative stigmas. Music therapy might help to overcome these limitations due to its reliance upon music, rather than verbal language, as the therapeutic medium, and due to music’s ubiquitous cultural prevalence. Music therapy has been shown to have positive effects on sleep quality, well- being, trauma symptoms, social function, and mood. Music therapy training and research results have demonstrated ways to connect with clients through music and overcome cross-cultural barriers. The objective of this case study was to determine the effects of group music therapy on levels of anxiety, depression, well-being, functional disability, and distress in two adult Congolese refugees. Further, the study explored the themes which the participants reported they preferred and were most likely to use on their own regarding the music interventions. A mixed-methods approach was used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. The study involved eight weekly, one hour-long music therapy sessions following a protocol that included four themes: socialization, emotional expression, English-learning, and personalized use of music. Levels of anxiety, depression, well-being, and functional disability were assessed using psychometric tests before the first session, after the fourth session, and after the eighth session. The data found overall decreased levels of anxiety, depression, and distress, increased levels of well-being, and little change in level of functional disability. Prevalent themes from the self-report questionnaire were instrument playing, singing, listening, and the hello song. Conclusions and recommendations for future research are included.

scholarly journals Reframing The Individual Stress Response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Visual Analogue Scales ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
Analogue Scales

Our society is preoccupied with stress. Previous research demonstrates that the majority of the sampled population perceives the consequences of stress to be primarily negative. By reframing the consequences of stress to highlight both positive and negative effects of stress, individuals may experience more efficient and adaptive stress responses (Liu et al., 2017). The extent to which we can reframe the consequences of stress to elicit more adaptive responses thus merits further investigation. This dissertation investigated the effects of reframing (positive, negative, balanced, and control) on stress responsivity, while also priming individuals on personal strengths (resilient strengths or non-resilient/control strength) to further enhance coping. Through two studies, the current dissertation examined whether different information presented on the consequences of stress via reframing contributes to improved responsivity to stressors, and whether priming an individual to believe in select strengths further enhances receptivity to reframing and reactivity to stressors. Outcome measures included both objective, physiological indexes of stress (heart rate, blood pressure, and electrodermal activity), test performance on stressor-task, and subjective ratings of stress (self-report responses via visual analogue scales). Mixed-ANOVA, linear regression, and exploratory hierarchical modelling were used to analyze the data. Results via visual analogue scales support the efficacy of balanced reframing in reducing self-reported stress, and provide some evidence for its efficacy across physiological parameters of stress via electrodermal activity. Across measures, results provide little support for the efficacy of strength priming in eliciting more adaptive responsivity to stressors. However, balanced framing and resilient strength priming may interact to reduce perceptions of stress as threatening and uncontrollable. Taken together, findings across two studies suggest that reframing stress by presenting both positive and negative information on the outcomes of stress may be an important step in the education of stress to better manage everyday stressors. Further, efforts to personalize this intervention approach by tailoring it to individual may be an area worthy of future research. Key Words: Beliefs; Coping; Personal Strengths; Reframing; Responsivity; Stress

Do Female and Male Employees in Iran Experience Similar Work–Family Interference, Job, and Life Satisfaction?

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Work Interference

This study aims at examining gender differences in the experience of work–family interference and perceived job–life satisfaction in a group of Iranian employees. The participants in the study consist of 387 Iranian male and female employees from a variety of organizations. The results of t tests and multiple regression analysis using EQS 6.1 support the hypothesis that Iranian male and female employees experience similar interference in their work–family domains although they spend different numbers of hours in the workplace. The findings also show that whereas work-to-family interference has significant and negative effects on job–life satisfaction among male employees, for female employees, working hours and family-to-work interference had even more significant and negative effects on their job–ife satisfaction. Implications are discussed and recommendations made regarding future research and interventions in this area.

Does Helping Others Impair Caregivers' Health? Associating Caregiving, Life Satisfaction, and Physical Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abira Reizer ◽  
Amir Hetsroni
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Interpersonal Perceptions ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Helping Others

We examined whether or not negative caregiving orientations, namely hyperactivation and deactivation, impair physical health of caregivers through the mediating role of life satisfaction. A sample of Israeli adults (N = 354) completed self-report scales measuring caregiving, life satisfaction, and self-rated health (SRH). Caregiving hyperactivation and deactivation predicted reductions in both life satisfaction and SRH of caregivers. A mediation model suggested that the associations between negative caregiving orientations and physical health are significantly mediated by life satisfaction. The results are discussed in relation to the contribution of individuals' interpersonal perceptions to their physical health.

scholarly journals Reframing The Individual Stress Response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Visual Analogue Scales ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
Analogue Scales

Our society is preoccupied with stress. Previous research demonstrates that the majority of the sampled population perceives the consequences of stress to be primarily negative. By reframing the consequences of stress to highlight both positive and negative effects of stress, individuals may experience more efficient and adaptive stress responses (Liu et al., 2017). The extent to which we can reframe the consequences of stress to elicit more adaptive responses thus merits further investigation. This dissertation investigated the effects of reframing (positive, negative, balanced, and control) on stress responsivity, while also priming individuals on personal strengths (resilient strengths or non-resilient/control strength) to further enhance coping. Through two studies, the current dissertation examined whether different information presented on the consequences of stress via reframing contributes to improved responsivity to stressors, and whether priming an individual to believe in select strengths further enhances receptivity to reframing and reactivity to stressors. Outcome measures included both objective, physiological indexes of stress (heart rate, blood pressure, and electrodermal activity), test performance on stressor-task, and subjective ratings of stress (self-report responses via visual analogue scales). Mixed-ANOVA, linear regression, and exploratory hierarchical modelling were used to analyze the data. Results via visual analogue scales support the efficacy of balanced reframing in reducing self-reported stress, and provide some evidence for its efficacy across physiological parameters of stress via electrodermal activity. Across measures, results provide little support for the efficacy of strength priming in eliciting more adaptive responsivity to stressors. However, balanced framing and resilient strength priming may interact to reduce perceptions of stress as threatening and uncontrollable. Taken together, findings across two studies suggest that reframing stress by presenting both positive and negative information on the outcomes of stress may be an important step in the education of stress to better manage everyday stressors. Further, efforts to personalize this intervention approach by tailoring it to individual may be an area worthy of future research. Key Words: Beliefs; Coping; Personal Strengths; Reframing; Responsivity; Stress

What Children Report and Remember: A Six-Year Follow-Up of the Effects of Social Contact between Peers with and without Severe Disabilities

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria S. Kishi ◽  
Luanna H. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Various models and strategies to promote meaningful social interactions between children with and without severe disabilities have been reported in the special education literature. The reported outcomes associated with these efforts include positive effects on children's attitudes toward disabilities, social competence, and social values (e.g., fairness and community caring). This is an investigation of what teenagers report and remember as a function of elementary school experiences involving different levels of social contact with peers with severe disabilities. Two self-report interpersonal measures were administered to 183 students without disabilities comprising social contact, exposure, and control groups. A subsample of 93 teenagers was interviewed about experiences and attitudes toward persons with disabilities and their memories from earlier school experiences. Analysis of the attitudinal data revealed significantly more positive attitudes, higher levels of current reported social contact, and more support for full community participation as a function of earlier social contact—although all children were relatively positive. The self-concept measure also revealed differences between subgroups of children as a function of gender and condition. The interview data with children in the high social contact group offer caveats for future inclusion efforts to avoid potential negative effects upon children's personal relationships and social attitudes. Suggestions are made for future research to investigate the impact of inclusion on children's socio-personal development and social relationships.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

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