scholarly journals Reframing The Individual Stress Response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Visual Analogue Scales ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
Analogue Scales

Our society is preoccupied with stress. Previous research demonstrates that the majority of the sampled population perceives the consequences of stress to be primarily negative. By reframing the consequences of stress to highlight both positive and negative effects of stress, individuals may experience more efficient and adaptive stress responses (Liu et al., 2017). The extent to which we can reframe the consequences of stress to elicit more adaptive responses thus merits further investigation. This dissertation investigated the effects of reframing (positive, negative, balanced, and control) on stress responsivity, while also priming individuals on personal strengths (resilient strengths or non-resilient/control strength) to further enhance coping. Through two studies, the current dissertation examined whether different information presented on the consequences of stress via reframing contributes to improved responsivity to stressors, and whether priming an individual to believe in select strengths further enhances receptivity to reframing and reactivity to stressors. Outcome measures included both objective, physiological indexes of stress (heart rate, blood pressure, and electrodermal activity), test performance on stressor-task, and subjective ratings of stress (self-report responses via visual analogue scales). Mixed-ANOVA, linear regression, and exploratory hierarchical modelling were used to analyze the data. Results via visual analogue scales support the efficacy of balanced reframing in reducing self-reported stress, and provide some evidence for its efficacy across physiological parameters of stress via electrodermal activity. Across measures, results provide little support for the efficacy of strength priming in eliciting more adaptive responsivity to stressors. However, balanced framing and resilient strength priming may interact to reduce perceptions of stress as threatening and uncontrollable. Taken together, findings across two studies suggest that reframing stress by presenting both positive and negative information on the outcomes of stress may be an important step in the education of stress to better manage everyday stressors. Further, efforts to personalize this intervention approach by tailoring it to individual may be an area worthy of future research. Key Words: Beliefs; Coping; Personal Strengths; Reframing; Responsivity; Stress

scholarly journals Reframing The Individual Stress Response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Visual Analogue Scales ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
Analogue Scales

Our society is preoccupied with stress. Previous research demonstrates that the majority of the sampled population perceives the consequences of stress to be primarily negative. By reframing the consequences of stress to highlight both positive and negative effects of stress, individuals may experience more efficient and adaptive stress responses (Liu et al., 2017). The extent to which we can reframe the consequences of stress to elicit more adaptive responses thus merits further investigation. This dissertation investigated the effects of reframing (positive, negative, balanced, and control) on stress responsivity, while also priming individuals on personal strengths (resilient strengths or non-resilient/control strength) to further enhance coping. Through two studies, the current dissertation examined whether different information presented on the consequences of stress via reframing contributes to improved responsivity to stressors, and whether priming an individual to believe in select strengths further enhances receptivity to reframing and reactivity to stressors. Outcome measures included both objective, physiological indexes of stress (heart rate, blood pressure, and electrodermal activity), test performance on stressor-task, and subjective ratings of stress (self-report responses via visual analogue scales). Mixed-ANOVA, linear regression, and exploratory hierarchical modelling were used to analyze the data. Results via visual analogue scales support the efficacy of balanced reframing in reducing self-reported stress, and provide some evidence for its efficacy across physiological parameters of stress via electrodermal activity. Across measures, results provide little support for the efficacy of strength priming in eliciting more adaptive responsivity to stressors. However, balanced framing and resilient strength priming may interact to reduce perceptions of stress as threatening and uncontrollable. Taken together, findings across two studies suggest that reframing stress by presenting both positive and negative information on the outcomes of stress may be an important step in the education of stress to better manage everyday stressors. Further, efforts to personalize this intervention approach by tailoring it to individual may be an area worthy of future research. Key Words: Beliefs; Coping; Personal Strengths; Reframing; Responsivity; Stress

Taking Levels of Analysis in Humor more Seriously: Comment on Romero and Arendt

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Sosik
Keyword(s):  
Operational Definition ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Humor Styles ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Team Cooperation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Humor is a phenomenon that can simultaneously coexist at the individual, dyadic, and group levels, making its measurement and conceptualization complex. In a recent field study, Romero and Arendt (2011) examined relationships between four humor styles (i.e., affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, self-defeating) and four outcomes (i.e., stress, satisfaction with co-workers, team cooperation, organizational commitment), however, the latter was apparently measured as a self-report at the individual level of analysis. Their interesting results indicated different humor styles can have either positive or negative effects on these outcome variables. However, if their operational definition—and hence their conceptualization—of humor is based on self-report by the initiator, it may be problematic to use it at the dyadic and group levels because it potentially mixes levels of analysis and may cause misalignment between data and theory. Cautions and implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Concurrent and Prospective Associations Between Social Anxiety and Responses to Stress in Adolescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke W. Blöte ◽  
Anne C. Miers ◽  
P. Michiel Westenberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
As Stress ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSeveral studies have investigated the relationship between adolescents’ responses to stress and general anxiety and depression, but only few studies addressed the relationship between responses to stress and social anxiety. The current three-wave longitudinal study, that covered a period of 5 years with a time interval of on average two years between waves, examined concurrent as well as prospective relations between adolescents’ self-reported stress responses, including coping responses, and self-perceived social anxiety. Both the predictive power of social anxiety for different stress responses and, reversely, of stress responses for social anxiety were evaluated. Participants were 331 youth (170 boys) aged 9 to 17 years old at Wave 1. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure social anxiety, responses to social stress, and depressive symptoms. Results showed significant concurrent relations between social anxiety and maladaptive stress responses. Moreover, the study yielded evidence for social anxiety predicting stress responses across time as well as stress responses predicting social anxiety, although evidence for the former link is stronger. The findings suggest that a relative lack of adaptive stress responses may heighten social anxiety and social anxiety in turn may trigger maladaptive as well as adaptive responses to social problems. The relevance of these findings for social anxiety prevention and intervention purposes are discussed.

scholarly journals Reducing the Effect of Functional Disability on Life Satisfaction Among Persons With a Lived Experience of an Infectious Viral Disease in Taiwan: A Tri-Mediation Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 003435522098082
Author(s):  
Ming Hung Wang ◽  
Jessica Marie Brooks ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
Jia Rung Wu ◽  
Xiangli Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Disability Acceptance

The purpose of the study was to examine whether disability acceptance, hope, and resilience mediate the relationship between functional disability and life satisfaction in people with a lived experience of an infectious viral disease (i.e., polio and postpolio syndrome [PPS]). Participants consisted of 157 individuals diagnosed with polio or PPS who were recruited from two community support organizations in Taiwan. Participants completed self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed with a simultaneous regression analysis. The tri-mediation model indicated that disability acceptance, hope, and resilience were associated with life satisfaction, accounting for a large effect size of 46% of the variance in the life satisfaction scores. The direct effect of functional disability on life satisfaction became insignificant when the mediators were controlled for in the model. Hope, disability acceptance, and resilience were found to fully explain the association between functional disability and life satisfaction. This study demonstrated that positive psychosocial factors might help to buffer the indirect and direct negative effects of functional disability on life satisfaction. Implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice when supporting individuals with a lived experience of an infectious viral disease, including COVID-19, are discussed.

The Simple Aphasia Stress Scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 2855-2859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Laures-Gore ◽  
Kenneth G. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Future Work

Purpose Clinically accessible and concise measures of acute stress in adults with aphasia are lacking. The current article evaluated some psychometric features of a single-item self-report measure of acute stress in adults with aphasia, the Simple Aphasia Stress Scale. Method Three archival data sets utilizing varying iterations of a stress scale developed for studies of stress in adults with aphasia were included in the present analysis. Results The single-item stress scale had good levels of absolute and relative stability. Scores were generally unaffected by aphasia severity, age, or sex. The scale was strongly correlated with emotional arousal. Conclusion The single-item scale performed reasonably well across different studies and psychometric indicators. A 7-point rather than a 5-point response version of the scale was recommended as a clinically accessible and concise measure of acute stress in adults with aphasia. Future research should examine whether the tendency for adults with aphasia to use a restricted range of lower stress responses was due to underreporting, not perceiving acute stress, or some other factor. The high correlation between stress and arousal in women suggests that there needs to be further investigation of discriminant validity. Future work should also expand the scope of variables to evaluate further evidence of convergent and criterion-related validity.

Roles of various Phytohormones and Their Cross-talk in Regulating Stomatal Development and Patterning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Wei ◽  
Yifeng Jing ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Dexin Kong
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
The Core ◽  
Differential Responsiveness

Abstract Phytohormones play important roles in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Stomata are openings on the surface of land plants that control gas exchange with their environment. Accumulating evidence shows that various phytohormones, including abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, auxin, cytokinin, ethylene and gibberellic acid, play many roles in regulating stomatal development and patterning, and that the cotyledons/leaves and hypocotyls/stems of Arabidopsis exhibit differential responsiveness to phytohormones. In this review, we first discuss the shared regulatory mechanisms of stomatal development and patterning in Arabidopsis cotyledons and hypocotyls and those that are distinct, and then summarize current knowledge of how distinct hormonal signaling circuits are integrated into the core stomatal development pathways and how different phytohormones crosstalk to tailor stomatal density and spacing patterns. Knowledge obtained from Arabidopsis may pave the way for future research to elucidate the effects of phytohormones in regulating stomatal development and patterning in cereal grasses, for the purpose of increasing crop adaptive responses.

Comparative Evaluation of Pain, Stress, Neuropeptide Y, ACTH, and Cortisol Levels Between a Conventional Postoperative Care Protocol and a Fast-Track Recovery Program in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kapritsou ◽  
Elizabeth D. Papathanassoglou ◽  
Evangelos Bozas ◽  
Dimitrios P. Korkolis ◽  
Evangelos A. Konstantinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Major Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Protocol

Background:Fast-track (FT) postoperative protocol in oncological patients after major abdominal surgery reduces complications and length of postoperative stay compared to the conventional (CON) protocol. However, stress and pain responses have not been compared between the two protocols.Objectives:To compare stress, pain, and related neuropeptidic responses (adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH], cortisol, and neuropeptide Y [NPY]) between FT and CON protocols.Method:A clinical trial with repeated measurements was conducted (May 2012 to May 2014) with a sample of 63 hepatectomized or pancreatectomized patients randomized into two groups: FT ( n = 29) or CON ( n = 34). Demographic and clinical data were collected, and pain (Visual Analog Scale [VAS] and Behavioral Pain Scale [BPS]) and stress responses (3 self-report questions) assessed. NPY, ACTH, and cortisol plasma levels were measured at T1 = day of admission, T2 = day of surgery, and T3 = prior to discharge.Results:ACTHT1and ACTHT2levels were positively correlated with self-reported stress levels (ρ = .43 and ρ = .45, respectively, p < .05) in the FT group. NPY levels in the FT group were higher than those in the CON group at all time points ( p ≤ .004); this difference remained significant after adjusting for T1 levels through analysis of covariance for age, gender, and body mass index ( F = .003, F = .149, F = .015, respectively, p > .05).Conclusions:Neuropeptidic levels were higher in the FT group. Future research should evaluate this association further, as these biomarkers might serve as objective indicators of postoperative pain and stress.

Comparison of Pain Measures in Surgical Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarete L. Zalon
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pain ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Visual Analogue Scales ◽  
Analogue Scales ◽  
Selection Of

Numerous instruments have been developed for the measurement of pain with various clinical populations. This study was designed to compare pain measures for research in a sample of postoperative patients. The Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) was administered along with the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and two visual analogue scales, one for pain while at rest (VAS-R) and one for pain upon movement (VAS-M), in random order, to 115 hospitalized patients twice following their surgery. An additional 29 patients completed the instruments once. Correlations between the visual analogue scales, BPI-SF, and SF-MPQ ranged from .33 to .76 (p < .01), suggesting that the instruments measure different aspects of pain and that instructions can influence the results. Recommendations for the selection of pain measures in patients experiencing acute pain and for future research are described.

Benefit-finding among young adults with spina bifida

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532199080
Author(s):  
Tessa K Kritikos ◽  
Colleen Stiles-Shields ◽  
Jenna B Shapiro ◽  
Grayson N Holmbeck
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Benefit Finding ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personal Strengths ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Life Philosophy

The purpose of the current study was to examine benefit-finding in a sample of young adults with SB and assess relationships between demographic and medical variables and benefit-finding. Young adults with SB ( N = 329), ranging in age from 18 to 30 ( M = 23.44 ± 2.93), completed the Benefit-Finding Scale (BFS), a 17-item self-report questionnaire, and reported on demographic and medical information related to their SB diagnosis. Participants endorsed a range of benefits associated with living with SB. The most frequently endorsed benefits were related to personal strengths, interpersonal relationships, and life philosophy. Younger age, majority race, higher education level, and employment were significantly associated with higher BFS scores. Young adults with SB report benefits associated with their chronic condition. Future research should examine these benefits in relation to psychosocial outcomes.

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