Smoking versus Nonsmoking at Work: A Survey of Public Agency Policy and Practice

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Timmins
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Public Agency ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Agency Policy ◽  
Policies And Practices

The author conducted a 1986 national survey of smoking/nonsmoking policies and practices at the worksite. He found 38 percent of public agencies responding do have restrictions or bans on smoking among members of the workforce. The article reports on a variety of practices, including restrictive hiring, incidents between smokers and nonsmokers requiring management intervention, segregation of workers, disability costs, smoking habits, and so forth. The article concludes with some “next steps” for jurisdictions which implement such policies.

scholarly journals Who defines 'whole': an urban political ecology of flood control and community relocation in Houston, Texas

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Urban Political Ecology ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Public Agency ◽  
The Us ◽  
Flood Control Infrastructure

Abstract Even if public agencies sponsoring projects like flood alleviation have the best of intentions for relocated households, there may still be residents who do not agree with being forced to move. Federal relocation policy in the US has been, and continues to be, concerned primarily with housing economics and financial compensation. And yet, residents subject to relocation continue to express other concerns. The public agency responsible for relocation from flood-prone Kashmere Gardens in Houston, TX has promised to make households 'whole' in terms of finding new housing that is no more expensive (in terms of rent, mortgage payments, and equity) than vacated homes. While these considerations are important, this article illustrates how public agencies need to expand how they define 'whole.' Interviews with 53 households affected directly or indirectly by relocation show that the following factors need consideration when subjecting households to involuntary relocation: (1) suitability of new housing, (2) perceived competence of relocation specialists, (3) the relocation planning process, and (4) potential health issues for relocated households. Key Words: Kashmere Gardens, Houston, Uniform Relocation Act (URA), flood control infrastructure, urban political ecology

Investigating the Roles Played by Selected Agencies in Infrastructure Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 289-319
Author(s):  
Ayobami Abayomi Popoola ◽  
Hope Hangwelani Magidimisha
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Public Agency ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Rural Infrastructure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Infrastructure Provision ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Urban Rural

Urban areas that are the seat of power, cities, and capital cities are often the location and base of administration where policy allocations take place and the needs of settlements are discussed and met. Therefore, rural infrastructure needs are at the mercy of urban spaces decision making. This chapter proposes and attempts to purposively select some public agencies and examine their roles in balancing the urban-rural infrastructural dichotomy. The relevance of international donors in the efficiency of the public agency was also incorporated. The study further questions the success of some of these agencies and the mode of operation of these agencies at arriving at an improved infrastructure provision for the rurally excluded.

England: attempting to learn from mistakes in an increasingly ‘risk averse’ professional context

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-54
Author(s):  
Judith Masson ◽  
Nigel Parton
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
High Profile ◽  
The Future ◽  
System Errors ◽  
Professional Context ◽  
Policies And Practices

Concerns about professional and system errors and mistakes have dominated policy and practice debates and changes in England ever since the problem of child abuse was (re)discovered over forty years ago. The period has been punctuated by a series of high profile scandals usually where a child has died and where professionals have failed to intervene effectively. A major policy response has been the use of public enquiries and, more recently, ‘serious case reviews’ to investigate what has gone wrong with the aim of learning from the experiences to ensure that such a tragedy could be avoided in the future. The chapter considers the question of how far the changes introduced have had the effect of increasing learning and developing a system better able to identify and respond appropriately to the need for protection, or have primarily intensified the culture of blame and failure in which professionals are expected to operate. It suggests that while the changes introduced over the last 40 years have perhaps made for a safer system protecting children the system has become more ‘risk averse’ and reactive rather than being able to develop policies and practices which are able to develop longer term preventative strategies.

scholarly journals Understanding the Motivations, Morale, and Retention of Special Constables: Findings from a National Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Callender ◽  
Kathryn Cahalin ◽  
Sam J Cole ◽  
Luke Hubbard ◽  
Iain Britton
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Police Forces

Abstract Special Constables have an established history within British policing. The Special Constabulary has represented an under-researched aspect of policing, with motivations to join, morale, factors relating to length of service and reasons for leaving being poorly understood. This article draws upon data from a national survey of Special Constables undertaken across all police forces in England and Wales. The analysis illustrates differences in motivations, dependent on age, and length of service, with younger Special Constables viewing the role as a pathway to future paid employment as a Regular police officer. The results contradict perspectives that attribute attrition from the Special Constabulary primarily to changes in personal circumstances for Specials, demonstrating how such changes are less important than satisfaction with the experience of being a Special Constable. The article concludes by identifying the significance of the findings for future policy and practice in respect of the Special Constabulary.

scholarly journals Public Attitudes Towards Multiculturalism and Interculturalism in Australia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanuel Elias ◽  
Fethi Mansouri ◽  
Reem Sweid
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Complementarity Approach ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The growing intellectual and policy debate around optimal approaches to diversity governance, particularly in relation to criticism of multiculturalism, is now entering a new phase characterised by advocating alternative conceptual and policy paradigms most notably interculturalism. Proposing a conceptual complementarity approach, rather than dogmatically oppositional stances, this paper approaches interculturalism as offering heuristic additive values to multiculturalism. As the paper shows, the Australian context indeed offers an optimal case study for conceptualising and engaging with interculturalism within an otherwise resilient multicultural framework. Australia’s unique and strong multicultural ethos has combined with successful intercultural strategies at different levels of diversity governance, policy and practice across various sectoral terrains. This paper uses an online national survey to examine the public understanding of and attitudes towards multiculturalism and interculturalism as supposedly distinct yet interconnected policy tools relating to the ever-changing diversity governance agenda.

scholarly journals Language policy and practice in multilingual production workplaces

Multilingua ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorte Lønsmann ◽  
Kamilla Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Working Life ◽  
High Status ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Transnational Mobility ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Policies And Practices

AbstractTransnational mobility results in a diversification of languages and cultures in the workplace. A common means of managing this diversity is to introduce language policies that often privilege English or the locally dominant language(s). In contrast, managing their everyday working lives may require employees to draw on a range of multilingual and non-verbal resources. Such tensions between policy and practice in multilingual workplaces may impact structures and processes of inequality and power in the workplace. By looking at two sites within logistics and construction, this article offers a critical look at multilingual policies and practices and their consequences for speakers within the workplace. The article investigates how language is conceptualised in language policies and enacted in language practice. From this point of departure we discuss how the tensions between policies and practices impact on the daily working life and professional opportunities of the workers. Our findings suggest that even though multilingual practices are crucial for the flow of everyday work interactions on the floor, the language requirements within the workplace mirror the repertoires and practices of high-status employees, and therefore their competence is valued more highly than the more multilingual repertoires of their subordinates. A consequence of this unequal valorisation of the different linguistic repertoires is the maintenance of existing hierarchies in the workplace and the creation of new ones.

Police use of technology: insights from the literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Rogers ◽  
Emily Jayne Scally
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Agency ◽  
Police Service ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Positive Impacts

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the existing literature surrounding the use of technology in today’s society to inform future developments across emergency services. Reference to the Police Service in particular will have a resonance for many other public agencies who are utilising more and more technology. Design/methodology/approach Literature from a policing background will be reviewed to discover the positive impacts and benefits attached to its use, the potential obstacles to its implantation, and how lessons from one agency may be of benefit to others. Findings The findings suggest that there appears to be attention required in the application of technology by public agencies, namely, workforce culture, training and budgets, and legislation which need to be addressed if the use of technology by public agencies is to be successful. Originality/value This paper seeks to learn lessons for the implementation technology by a public agency, namely, the police, in an attempt to inform other public bodies. By doing so, it is believed the lessons learned will make the application of such technologies more effective.

scholarly journals END-OF-LIFE CARE DURING THE NATIONAL OPIOID CRISIS: A NATIONAL SURVEY OF HOSPICE PROVIDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S954-S955 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cagle ◽  
Mary Lynn McPherson ◽  
Jodi Frey ◽  
Paul Sacco ◽  
Orrin Ware ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
National Data ◽  
Home Death ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Drug Shortages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drug Diversion ◽  
Opioid Diversion

Abstract No national data exist on drug shortages, missing medications, opioid diversion, and opioid diversion prevention in hospice. We conducted a national survey of hospices (administered June-September, 2018). We randomly selected 600 hospices to survey representatives about: (1) care for patients/families with substance use disorder (SUD) (2) drug shortages; (3) instances of drug diversion; and, (4) drug disposal practices. Surveys were conducted by phone and online. Sample weights were used to adjust for non-response. A total of 371 hospices completed surveys (response rate=62%), 63% of which were administered by phone. Half (50%) of agencies were mid-sized (26-100 patients) and non-profit. Two thirds (66%) of hospices reporting that medications either “never” or “rarely” go missing. On average, there were 0.80 reported cases of confirmed diversion per agency within the past 90 days. Although a majority of hospices (78%) screen patients for SUD, only 43% screen informal caregivers. Just under half (42%) of hospices reported drug shortages over the past year. A minority (8%) of hospices stopped prescribing certain medications altogether due to concerns about diversion. 52% of hospices reported that employees are not allowed to dispose of medications after a home death. Agency representatives estimated that, after a home death, unused opioids were left in the home 32% of the time. On average, hospices have nearly one case of opioid diversion per quarter. Hospices are experiencing medication shortages and restrictions on medication disposal. Changes are needed in policy and practice to address these challenges.

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