Confirmation Bias and the Persistence of Misinformation on Climate Change

2021 ◽  
pp. 009365022110280
Author(s):  
Yanmengqian Zhou ◽  
Lijiang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Message Processing ◽  
Mixed Design ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Message Effectiveness ◽  
Message Type ◽  
Attitude Certainty

A web-based two (preexisting position: correct vs. incorrect) by two (message type: scientific information vs. misinformation) by three (messages) mixed design experimental study was conducted to test confirmation bias as a mechanism underlying the persistence of misinformation on climate change and to examine attitude certainty as a moderator of confirmation bias. Data collected with Qualtrics panels demonstrated robust confirmation bias in message and source perceptions, empathy, and perceived message effectiveness when individuals encountered messages consistent with their preexisting position on climate change, which in turn strengthened their preexisting position. The patterns of biased message processing and post-message position polarization were more extreme among climate change deniers. Attitude certainty significantly intensified polarization of position on climate change.

scholarly journals Climate Change Projection in the Twenty-First Century Simulated by NIMS-KMA CMIP6 Model Based on New GHGs Concentration Pathways

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Min Sung ◽  
Jisun Kim ◽  
Sungbo Shim ◽  
Jeong-byn Seo ◽  
Sang-Hoon Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Earth System Model ◽  
First Century ◽  
System Model ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Future Projections ◽  
Twenty First Century

AbstractThe National Institute of Meteorological Sciences-Korea Meteorological Administration (NIMS-KMA) has participated in the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP) and provided long-term simulations using the coupled climate model. The NIMS-KMA produces new future projections using the ensemble mean of KMA Advanced Community Earth system model (K-ACE) and UK Earth System Model version1 (UKESM1) simulations to provide scientific information of future climate changes. In this study, we analyze four experiments those conducted following the new shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) based scenarios to examine projected climate change in the twenty-first century. Present day (PD) simulations show high performance skill in both climate mean and variability, which provide a reliability of the climate models and reduces the uncertainty in response to future forcing. In future projections, global temperature increases from 1.92 °C to 5.20 °C relative to the PD level (1995–2014). Global mean precipitation increases from 5.1% to 10.1% and sea ice extent decreases from 19% to 62% in the Arctic and from 18% to 54% in the Antarctic. In addition, climate changes are accelerating toward the late twenty-first century. Our CMIP6 simulations are released to the public through the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) international data sharing portal and are used to support the establishment of the national adaptation plan for climate change in South Korea.

A web-based clinical pedagogy program to promote professional development for nurse preceptors: a quasi-experimental study

2022 ◽  
pp. 103288
Author(s):  
WU Xi Vivien ◽  
Umadevi Panneer SELVAM ◽  
Wenru WANG ◽  
Emily Neo Kim ANG ◽  
Kamala M DEVI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Nurse Preceptors

Deliberating about Climate Change: The Case for ‘Thinking and Nudging’

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Lenzi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Combined Strategy

Abstract Proponents of deliberative democracy believe deliberation provides the best chance of finding effective and legitimate climate policies. However, in many societies there is substantial evidence of biased cognition and polarisation about climate change. Further, many appear unable to distinguish reliable scientific information from false claims or misinformation. While deliberation significantly reduces polarisation about climate change, and can even increase the provision of reliable beliefs, these benefits are difficult to scale up, and are slow to affect whole societies. In response, I propose a combined strategy of ‘thinking and nudging’. While deliberative theorists tend to view nudging askance, combining deliberation with nudges promises to be a timelier and more effective response to climate change than deliberation alone. I outline several proposals to improve societal deliberative capacity while reducing climate risks, including media reform, strategic communication and framing of debates, incentivising pro-climate behaviour change, and better education about science.

scholarly journals Influence of negative emotions on residents’ learning of scientific information: an experimental study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telma Kremer ◽  
Silvia Mamede ◽  
Walter W. van den Broek ◽  
Henk G. Schmidt ◽  
Maria do P. T. Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Scientific Information

Twitter Users' Classification Based on Interest

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Noura A. AlSomaikhi ◽  
Zakarya A. Alzamil
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Software System ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Twitter Users

Microblogging platforms, such as Twitter, have become a popular interaction media that are used widely for different daily purposes, such as communication and knowledge sharing. Understanding the behaviors and interests of these platforms' users become a challenge that can help in different areas such as recommendation and filtering. In this article, an approach is proposed for classifying Twitter users with respect to their interests based on their Arabic tweets. A Multinomial Naïve Bayes machine learning algorithm is used for such classification. The proposed approach has been developed as a web-based software system that is integrated with Twitter using Twitter API. An experimental study on Arabic tweets has been investigated on the proposed system as a case study.

scholarly journals Evaluating a Fit-For-Purpose Integrated Service-Oriented Land and Climate Change Information System for Mountain Community Adaptation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Adish Khezri ◽  
Rohan Bennett ◽  
Jaap Zevenbergen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Information System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Mountain Communities ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Mountain Community ◽  
Land Information System

Climate change challenges mountain communities to prepare themselves via Community-Based Adaptation (CBA) plans that reduce vulnerability. This paper outlines the evaluation of a developed web-based information system to support CBA, referred to as a Mountain Community Adaptive System (MCAS). The web-based user interface visualizes collated data from data providers, integrating it with near real-time climate and weather datasets. The interface provides more up-to-date information than was previously available on the environment, particularly on land and climate. MCAS, a cloud-based Land Information System (LIS), was developed using an Agile-inspired approach offering system creation based on bare minimum system requirements and iterative development. The system was tested against Fit-For-Purpose Land Administration (FFP LA) criteria to assess the effectiveness in a case from Nepal. The results illustrate that an MCAS-style system can provide useful information such as land use status, adaptation options, near real-time rainfall and temperature details, amongst others, to enable services that can enhance CBA activities. The information can facilitate improved CBA planning and implementation at the mountain community level. Despite the mentioned benefits of MCAS, ensuring system access was identified as a key limitation: smartphones and mobile technologies still remain prohibitively expensive for members of mountain communities, and underlying information communication technology (ICT) infrastructures remain under-developed in the assessed mountain communities. The results of the evaluation further suggest that the land-related aspects of climate change should be added to CBA initiatives. Similarly, existing LIS could have functionalities extended to include climate-related variables that impact on land use, tenure, and development.

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