Being Pursued Online

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1149-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford W. Reyns ◽  
Billy Henson ◽  
Bonnie S. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Routine Activities Theory ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Face To Face

Building upon Eck and Clarke’s (2003) ideas for explaining crimes in which there is no face-to-face contact between victims and offenders, the authors developed an adapted lifestyle–routine activities theory. Traditional conceptions of place-based environments depend on the convergence of victims and offenders in time and physical space to explain opportunities for victimization. With their proposed cyberlifestyle–routine activities theory, the authors moved beyond this conceptualization to explain opportunities for victimization in cyberspace environments where traditional conceptions of time and space are less relevant. Cyberlifestyle–routine activities theory was tested using a sample of 974 college students on a particular type of cybervictimization—cyberstalking. The study’s findings provide support for the adapted theoretical perspective. Specifically, variables measuring online exposure to risk, online proximity to motivated offenders, online guardianship, online target attractiveness, and online deviance were significant predictors of cyberstalking victimization. Implications for advancing cyberlifestyle–routine activities theory are discussed.

Stalking on Campus: A Gendered Perspective on Target Congruence and Opportunity

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1308-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Elvey ◽  
Bradford W. Reyns ◽  
Susan McNeeley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Routine Activities Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Stalking Victimization

This study examines target congruence and lifestyle-routine activity behaviors as explanations of stalking victimization among college students, while also considering gender as a moderator in these relationships. Analysis of a nationwide sample of more than 75,000 students from 129 universities across the United States suggests that indicators of target antagonism, target gratifiability, and target vulnerability significantly predict stalking victimization. Indicators of lifestyle-routine activities—in particular, proximity to motivated offenders, exposure to motivated offenders, and target attractiveness—are also significantly related to stalking victimization. In addition, the importance of specific risk factors vary by gender. The results highlight the importance of target congruence as an expansion of lifestyle-routine activities theory, which can help to direct policies and prevention measures in a meaningful and systematic way.

Routine Activities and Stalking Victimization in Sexual Minority College Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199187
Author(s):  
Gianna E. Davis ◽  
Denise A. Hines ◽  
Kathleen M. Palm Reed
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Routine Activities Theory ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Minority Identity ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Minority College Students ◽  
Sexual Minority Identity ◽  
Stalking Victimization

Sexual minority individuals, due to additional chronic stress they experience from living with a marginalized identity, may be perceived as vulnerable targets by motivated perpetrators of stalking. Using campus climate data collected over 11 years, researchers explore stalking victimization with a particular focus on the experiences of sexual minority college students. To get a better understanding of stalking as experienced by this population, this study investigated descriptive qualities and prevalence of stalking victimization among college students to compare experiences of sexual minority and heterosexual individuals. Additionally, using a routine activities theory framework, this study explored multiple sexual minority identities as unique predictors of stalking victimization. Results showed that bisexual and pansexual women were significantly more likely to experience stalking than heterosexual women, and gay men were significantly more likely to experience stalking than heterosexual men. In samples that included heterosexual, gay, lesbian, bisexual, and pansexual students, having a sexual minority identity predicted stalking victimization for men, and having a non-monosexual (bisexual or pansexual) identity predicted stalking victimization for women. When looking across all sexual orientations, sexual minority identity significantly predicted stalking victimization for both men and women. Results are discussed in the context of routine activities theory and future directions for exploring stalking in sexual minority populations are identified.

Workplace Cyberbullying: A Criminological and Routine Activity Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 026839622110278
Author(s):  
Sixuan Zhang ◽  
Dorothy Leidner ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
Ning Liu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Spanning ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Routine Activities Theory ◽  
Routine Activity ◽  
General Theory Of Crime ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
The U.S

Extant research on the antecedents of workplace cyberbullying pays little attention to the role of perpetrator traits in influencing workplace cyberbullying, as well as the unique occurrence context that distinguishes workplace cyberbullying with juvenile cyberbullying, workplace bullying, and adult cyberbullying in general. To fill these gaps, we consider the antecedents of workplace cyberbullying under the theoretical lens of the general theory of crime and routine activities theory. We build a model incorporating low self-control, a widely discussed perpetrator trait in criminology theories, with three types of routine activities representing the unique occurrence context for workplace cyberbullying--mWork, boundary spanning in ESM, and proactive email checking. We tested our model with 2025 employees in the U.S.. Our findings demonstrate that low self-control and the three routine activities are strong motivators for workplace cyberbullying. Our findings further show that the effect of low self-control on workplace cyberbullying is amplified by the three routine activities. The study contributes to our understanding of why workplace cyberbullying occurs and offers potential implications for managers interested in reducing incidences of workplace cyberbullying in their organization.

scholarly journals Reference Mode Preferences of Community College (Two-Year) and Four-Year College Students: A Comparison Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Carey ◽  
Ajatshatru Pathak
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Community College ◽  
New York ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Online Chat ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Reference Services ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Reference Service

Abstract Objective – The purpose of this study was to examine the reference service mode preferences of community college (two-year) and four-year college students. Methods – The researchers administered a paper-based, face-to-face questionnaire at two institutions within the City University of New York system: Hunter College, a senior college, and Queensborough Community College, a two-year institution. During the summer of 2015, the researchers surveyed 79 participants, asking them to identify their most and least preferred mediums for accessing library reference services. Results – Nearly 75% of respondents expressed a preference for face-to-face reference, while only about 18% preferred remote reference services (online chat, e-mail, text message, and telephone). Close to 84% of the participants cited remote reference services as their least preferred modes and slightly more than 10% said this of face-to-face. The data reveal a widespread popularity of face-to-face reference service among all types of participants regardless of institutional affiliation, age, gender, academic level, field of study, and race or ethnicity. Conclusion – This study suggests that given the opportunity academic library users will utilize face-to-face reference service for assistance with research assignments. Academic libraries at both two-year and four-year institutions might consider assessing user views on reference modes and targeting support toward services that align with patron preferences.

Does hotel class moderate the impact of crime on operating performance?

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481662094904
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Nan Hua
Keyword(s):  
Operating Performance ◽  
Routine Activities ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Routine Activities Theory ◽  
Luxury Hotels ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Theory Framework

Hotel guests are more likely to be targeted by criminals than local residents, and the hotel business is particularly vulnerable to various crimes. This study investigates whether guests prefer to stay at luxury hotels when in insecure neighborhoods to reduce the risk of victimization. Using monthly property-level data from 352 hotels between 2010 and 2014 in Houston, Texas, we estimate a series of econometric models to investigate the impact of crime. Results suggest that hotel class moderates the effect of crime on lodging performance, and high-end hotels are less influenced by crime incidents. For luxury hotels, this effect is further moderated by the lodging market structure of vicinity such that the effect is smaller for luxury hotels in a more concentrated market. Lastly, this study carefully addresses theoretical implications that confirm the routine activities theory framework as well as practical implications that suggest measures and strategies handling various impacts related to crime and hotel class studied herein.

scholarly journals Zoom As A Tool For Online Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indriati Retno Palupi ◽  
Wiji Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Virtual Communication ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

There Change the design of the studying process in University during the covid-19 pandemic from face to face to online learning needs some tools to support it. Some tools coming with their own advantages and disadvantages. One of them is Zoom. It becoming tools liked by many lecturers and college students because easy installation process and complete features although it is not free and easy to hack. Nevertheless, internet access is still becoming a big problem in online learning. A mix between two tools of online learning is one of the solutions, for example, zoom and google classroom application. Zoom is used for virtual communication in online learning but it does not provide features for sending the assignment. Otherwise, google classroom provides features to send and receipt some assignments, and it can save the quote on the internet. Both of them will complete each other to support all needs in online learning.

scholarly journals ESTUDIO EMPÍRICO PARA DETERMINAR EL NIVEL DE ANSIEDAD HACIA LA MATEMÁTICA EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS. EMPIRICAL STUDY TO MEASURE ANXIETY TOWARD MATHEMATICS ON COLLEGE STUDENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo García Santillán ◽  
Milka Elena Escalera Chávez ◽  
Josefina Carmen Santana Villegas ◽  
Bertha Yolanda Guzmán Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
College Students ◽  
Mathematics Anxiety ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Math Anxiety ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Para Determinar

Abstract.Mathematical knowledge is very important in the lives of people, therefore, it is necessary understand it and make good use of mathematics in everyday life. Therefore, the aim of this work is to identify whether there is a set of latent variables that allow explain the anxiety toward math on students at Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Oaxaca. The study is quantitative; and the study sample was formed of 303 college students from several profiles of the social sciences and engineering areas. The instrument utilized, is the scale of Munoz and Mato (2007) and was applied face to face to sample of study, in order to get data that allow us measure mathematics anxiety. The results show that students consider about the exposed variables that, the most prominent variable is the anxiety toward mathematics when faced in real life situations. The results allow us to observe that the studied variables explained 81% of variance that explains the math anxiety; the remaining 19% is explained by other variables that have not been considered in this research. Hence, if the student increases their anxiety in one of those, for example toward compression of mathematical problems, other variables also increase as the results show that there is a direct relationship between them.Keywords: Anxiety, Mathematics, Attitude toward mathematics, mathematics evaluationResumen.Los conocimientos matemáticos son de suma importancia en la vida de las personas, por lo tanto en la actualidad es necesario entender y hacer buen uso de las matemáticas en la vida diaria. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar si en los alumnos del Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, existe un conjunto de variables que pueden explicar la ansiedad frente a las matemáticas. El estudio es cuantitativo, la muestra de estudio se conformó de 303 estudiantes del nivel universitario del Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, de varios perfiles de ciencias sociales e ingeniería. Se utilizó el cuestionario Muñoz y Mato-Vázquez (2007), para medir la ansiedad a las matemáticas. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes consideran que de las variables expuestas, la más preponderante es la ansiedad que les causa las matemáticas cuando se encuentran en situaciones de la vida real. Los resultados dejan ver que las variables analizadas contribuyen con el 81% a determinar la ansiedad hacia las matemáticas, el 19% restante es explicado por otras variables que no han sido consideradas en esta investigación. De ahí que, si el estudiante incrementa su ansiedad en una de ellas por ejemplo hacia la compresión de los problemas matemáticos, las otras variables también se incrementan ya que los resultados muestran que hay una relación directa entre ellas.Palabras clave: Ansiedad, Matemáticas, Actitud hacia las matemáticas, Evaluación matemática.

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