The Role of the Probation Officer in the Sentencing Process

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY WALSH
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Probation Officer ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Female Officers ◽  
Criterion Variables

This study explores the role of the probation officer in the sentencing process. There is no consensus in the literature regarding the importance of this role. Viewing the high rate of agreement often noted between probation officers' recommendations and sentences imposed has led some authors to view the probation officer as a highly competent “agent of individualization.” Others view this high rate of agreement as merely reflecting the ability of “judicial hacks” to “second guess” judges. Our data support the first of these interpretations. Probation officers' recommendations have a substantial direct effect on actual sentences. We noted that officers' recommendations varied significantly between liberal and conservative officers, and between male and female officers. More important, actual sentences also varied consistently with these criterion variables, thus arguing strongly for the independent role of probation officers in the sentencing process.

scholarly journals Probation officer suspended in executive proceedings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Janus-Dębska ◽  
Rafał Skręt
Keyword(s):  
Probation Officer ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Executive Authority ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Criminal Matters

As a result of legislative changes, from January 1, 2010, cases in which probation teams of the judicial service executing decisions in criminal matters are referred to cases in which enforcement proceedings have been suspended pursuant to art. 15 § 2 of the Executive Penal Code. Despite the lapse of 10 years from the introduction of the obligation for probation officers to perform control activities in such cases, doubts are still raised as to the role and tasks of probation officers resting in the course of executive proceedings that have been suspended and have not been performed for some time. In the course of such suspended proceedings, does the professional probation officers still retain all the qualities associated with his status as an executive authority? The purpose of this study is to present the role of a probation officer as a authority of executive proceedings in a situation where, despite legality and enforceability, the judgment will not be enforced and will not be pending for reasons of a temporary nature and to present de lege ferenda conclusions regarding the regulation of the rights of probation officers in the discussed areas.

scholarly journals THE MOST IMPORTANT GOALS AND MOST DIFFICULT ACTIONS TAKEN BY PROBATION OFFICERS. PRESENTATION OF SELECTED RESULTS OF RESEARCH WORK AS PART OF THE PROJECT: “THE PROFESSION OF PROBATION OFFICER IN POLAND: WORK…, MISSION…, PASSION…, ADVENTURE…?”

Probacja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 31-49
Author(s):  
Anna Chmielewska
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Probation Officer ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Modern Family

The profession of probation officer, with its vital goals and difficulties which need to be met, reflect the problems that occur in the modern family. The probation officer plays an important role in the counseling system. This is the result of both the statutory tasks assigned to them and the primary goals of the profession of probation officer. The article presents selected results of research conducted in 2015 and 2016 among professional probation officers from all over Poland, who presented their position regarding, for example, the understanding the role of probation officer, the goals of the job and the most difficult activities. The opinions of the respondents confirm that the role of probation officer goes far beyond control functions, and the effects must be viewed in the long-term dimension.

Possibility of joint impact of probation officers from the criminal and family divisions performing tasks in one family

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aleksander Samek
Keyword(s):  
Probation Officer ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject

The article highlights the possibility of joint impacts of probation officers of both divisions (family and criminal) performing tasks in one family. The above issue was analyzed in three aspects: historical, organizational, legal and methodological. Conclusions that arise after analysis lead to believe that the guardianship system has developed in several directions, and the role of probation officers is currently differently understood by judges, probation officers and the society. Probation officers perform a very wide range of tasks related to the implementation of court decisions. Their preparation for the profession has been standardized. Graduates of pedagogical, psychological, sociological and legal faculties may become probation officers. Year-long apprenticeship is aimed at deepening the knowledge of the future probation officer in the field of work methodology. The author believes that the issue of cooperation of probation officers performing tasks in one family should become the subject of in-depth analysis, both legal and methodological. Well-prepared and implemented cooperation between probation officers of both divisions can bring a measurable increase in effectiveness of rehabilitation-educational actions carried out in an open environment.

The role of the family court in Poland in preventing manifestations of demoralization and juvenile delinquency on the example of preventive and re-socialization activities of probation officers

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Łukasz Wirkus
Keyword(s):  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Probation Officer ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
The Family ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Practical Impact

The article in a holistic manner discusses the family court’s role in preventing the phenomenon of demoralization and crime in minors and presents the current space of cooperation of court probation officers with the family court through the prism of multi-context and multidisciplinary preventive and re-socialization activity. The article discusses educational and therapeutic measures as well as corrective measures taken by the court towards the minor and other possibilities of practical impact on his environment. The paper also includes an analysis of the scope of family probation in proceedings concerning young offenders. The proposed concept of interventions at the pre-judicial and judicial levels underlies the Council of Europe recommendations covering the principles of environmental involvement and continuity of care. The activity of the family court and the probation officer constitutes an important educational and re-socialization, preventive as well as repressive and control mechanism in the structures of justice in Poland.

Sex differences in posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms in police officers following exposure to violence in Ferguson

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin C. Beagley ◽  
Zoë D. Peterson ◽  
David R. Strasshofer ◽  
Tara E. Galovski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Officers

PurposeWomen comprise a significant and growing proportion of the law enforcement population. Despite this, their potentially unique reactions to job-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depression have been underrepresented in the relevant literature, particularly within the context of exposure to community violence. Also understudied is the role of empathy in the development of post-trauma reactions, which has been a risk factor for the development of posttraumatic distress in previous studies. With the recent endorsement of empathy training by the President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing, it is important to examine ways in which empathy may contribute to differences in PTSS and depression for male and female officers. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachMale and female police officers (n=189) exposed to violence during the 2014 Ferguson protests completed a battery of measures designed to assess demographic information, prior trauma history, and mental health outcomes.FindingsModeration analyses showed that empathy moderated the relationships between exposure and PTSS and exposure and depression in female officers, such that exposure was associated with higher posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms only for female officers with high levels of empathy. These relationships were not found for men.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine sex differences and the role of empathy in the mental health effects of law enforcement secondary to violence during community protests against policing.

Male and Female Corrections Officers: Personality and Rated Performance

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Schuerger ◽  
K. F. Kochevar ◽  
J. E. Reinwald
Keyword(s):  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Performance Ratings ◽  
Corrections Officers ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Intelligence Control ◽  
Female Officers

The present data support a personological “type” consistent with Holland's Realistic type and also support the classification of corrections officers in this type. Noteworthy among the characteristics of corrections officers are control, low anxiety, introversion. Personality characteristics predictive of first performance ratings among male officers are intelligence, control, conservatism, and self-sufficiency. Highly rated female officers showed a generally similar pattern, but in addition differed from their male counterparts in being low on dominance and suspicion. Personality characteristics predictive of later performance ratings differed sharply from those predictive of first ratings. An hypothesis of self-selective turnover is offered to explain the variation in predictability over occasions.

Selected elements of the work of a probation officer for family and juvenile cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 598 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Patryk Kujan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Probation Officer ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Work Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

The presented article concerns the issues related to the work of a family probation officer in relation to the history, methodology, theory and professional ethics. The subject of the discussion are selected (the most important in the author's opinion) elements of the work, and the aim is to highlight the role of the probation officer in the environment of the charges, aspects of the entrusted tasks and conditions for effective conduct of the process of rehabilitation. The article deals with issues important from both theoretical and practical perspective. It indicates specific difficulties in conducting the process of rehabilitation in the area of family probation. Necessary elements in the area of work with juveniles and family, as well as forms and methods used in the undertaken activities have been specified. Theoretical considerations are presented from the perspective of many years of experience as a probation officer. The text presents statistical data relating to the actual workload (on the example of the chosen court). It is an attempt to indicate the work culture of the probation officer, aspects of entrusted tasks and conditions for effective resocialization. It indicates the essential (subjectively) elements in the work area with juveniles and family and the multitude of forms and methods used in the actions taken by the family probation officer. Theoretical considerations are supplemented by statistics on the actual workload (on the example of a chosen court). The article may serve as an introduction to further theoretical considerations and may provide practical guidelines for the activities of probation officers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document