scholarly journals Is Chinese Competition Causing Deindustrialization in Brazil?

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhys Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
Trade Partner ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts

There has been a lively debate in Brazil in recent years, involving sectors of business, the labor movement, and academics, over deindustrialization and the future of the manufacturing sector. This is often linked to the growing relation between Brazil and China, which is now the country’s most significant trade partner. Brazil has experienced relative deindustrialization in the sense of a declining share of the manufacturing sector in gross domestic product that is mainly attributable to the changes in the country’s trade balance in manufactures. The direct and indirect impacts of China on Brazilian manufacturing have contributed to this relative deindustrialization and the “primarization” of Brazilian exports through competition in the domestic market and in exports.Nos últimos anos, instaurou-se no Brasil um debate acirrado entre empresários, acadêmicos e sindicalistas sobre a desindutrialização e o futuro do setor manufatureiro. O fenômeno é frequentemente associado aos crescentes laços entre Brasil e China, hoje o mais importante parceiro comercial do país. O Brasil vem passando por uma relativa desindustrialização devida ao intenso declínio da participação do setor de transformação no Produto Interno Bruto. Atribui-se essa queda às mundanças provocadas pelos resultados da manufatura na balança comercial. Os impactos diretos e indiretos exercidos pela China sobre o setor secundário brasileiro têm contribuido para essa relativa desindustrialização, assim como para a primarização das exportações brasileiras por meio da competição no mercado doméstico e nas exportações.

scholarly journals Some Economic Aggregates for Canadian Forest Industries

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
James Dobie
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Forest Economics ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Regional Impacts ◽  
Forest Industries ◽  
Merchandise Trade

This article presents economic aggregates for the forest industries in Canada with some discussion on Gross Domestic Product, regional impacts, external trade, employment and multipliers.The goods-producing sector in recent years has comprised 40% of the economy, with manufacturing being 50% of goods-producing or 20% of the total economy. Forest-based industries in aggregate are diminishing over time in their contribution to the economy, dropping from 5.1% of total GDP in the early 1960s to 3.5% in the early 1980s. Wood industries and paper and allied industries together constituted 14% of manufacturing GDP in 1986, down from 21% in 1961.Forest products exports, with a surplus of $13.5 billion in 1986, contribute significantly to Canada's merchandise trade balance. Employee productivity has been growing recently at 5.33% per annum. If there are no increases in volume of timber harvested, increasing productivity will result in employment reductions. Keywords: Forest Economics, Gross Domestic Product, Productivity, and Multipliers.

scholarly journals Impact of Trade Liberalization on Economic Growth of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Ramesh Bahadur Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
The Impact

Trade openness has been considered as an important determinant of economic growth. It has been witnessed during the past couple of decades that international trade openness has played a significant role in the growth process of both developed and developing countries. International organizations such as Word Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund and World Bank are constantly advising, especially developing countries, to speed up the process of trade liberalization to achieve high economic growth. In this context, this paper aims to analyze the impact of trade liberalization on economic growth of Nepal. For this purpose, all the data regarding gross domestic product, export, import, total trade, trade balance of Nepal from 1980 A.D. to 2013 A.D. published by World Bank (2014) were used. Both descriptive as well as inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Correlation analysis was used to find the correlation between the selected variables. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to analyze the impact of the trade liberalization in economic growth of Nepal. Trade cost does not explain any influence in gross domestic product, export, import, total trade and trade balance. The impact of trade openness is positive for all variables except trade balance. Trade openness has influenced economy significantly; import increased with purchasing power, export also increased but service only. Therefore, there is gap in export and imports.

Summary and Appraisal

1988 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 3-5
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Consumer Spending ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Investment Demand

The growth rate of gross domestic product may well exceed 5 per cent in 1988. Investment demand is now rising very rapidly, reinforcing the strength of consumer spending. Output, in the manufacturing sector at least, is approaching the limits set by capacity. Partly for that reason imports have risen much faster than domestic production and inflation is beginning to accelerate. The authorities have responded by raising interest rates.

scholarly journals Potensi dan Prospek Industri Kecil

The Winners ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Dedi Walujadi
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Main Contributor ◽  
Economic Contribution

The manufacturing sector has retained its importance in the Indonesian Economy. Since 1990 it has surpassed the agricultural sector as the main contributor to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Article analyses strenght and weaknesses of the small-scale manufacturing industries (SSIs). By ussing the economic contribution approach and the framework proposed by Pyke, based on 2003 data provided by BPS statistics Indonesiathe study investigates the SSIs performance in relation to their economic contribution, the collective efficiency, constant innovation and economic ofscope strategy. It is conluded that Pyke’s framework was not apply since SSIs facing lack of social infrastructures and knowledge, and mostly less educated compared with the larger one. The empirical evidence also shows that in terms of value added and labor absorption, its share less than 1 % and 16 % respectively of the whole of industrialsectors. 

Индустријализација и раст бруто друштвеног производа // The Industrialization and Growth of Gross Domestic Product

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Брано Маркић ◽  
Сања Бијакшић ◽  
Арнела Беванда
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Резиме: Рад је истраживање и емпиријска верификација закона Ницхолас Калдора о утицају индустријске производње на раст бруто друштвеног производа. Калдор је формулисао принципе економског раста у облику три закона који настоје утврдити кључне узроке економског раста. Први његов закон тврди да је стопа раста привреде позитивно корелирана са стопом раста њезина производног сектора. Индустрија као најважнија снага развоја привреде се поодавно анализира у литератури о привредном развоју: Hirschman (1961), Rosenstein-Rodan (1943), Th irnjall (2013), Cornnjall (1977). Циљ рада је емпиријски провјерити Калдоров приступ расту и развоју у Федерацији Босне и Херцеговине. Стога је обликован посебан скуп података кога чине дводимензионалне табеле и временске серије. Регресијском анализом је квантификована повезаност између стопа раста бруто друштвеног производа и стопе раста индустријске производње.Summary: The paper the industrialization and the growth of gross domestic product is a research and empirical verification of Nicholas Kaldor laws on the impact of industrial production to GDP growth. Kaldor has formulated the principles of economic growth in the form of three laws that tend to identify key causes of economic growth. His first law asserts that the rate of economic growth is positively correlated with the rate of growth of its manufacturing sector. Industry as the most important force of economic development is widely analyzed in the literature on economic development (Hirschman (1961), Rosenstein-Rodan (1943), Thirwall (2013), Cornwall (1977)). The aim is to empirically test the Kaldor’s approach to growth and development in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is therefore designed a special data set consisting of two-dimensional tables and time series. Using regression analysis was quantified the relationship between the growth rate of gross domestic product and the growth of industrial production. 

scholarly journals Política Externa Brasileira nos Governos FHC, Lula e Dilma: efeitos na balança comercial e no produto interno bruto brasileiro

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-89
Author(s):  
Francisco Américo Cassano ◽  
Diogo Holanda Camelo ◽  
Felipe Panta Padilha ◽  
Mateus Marchiori Pereira ◽  
Matheus Dias Do Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Macroeconomic Policy ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Qualitative Technique

Este artigo trata da análise dos períodos governamentais de Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e Dilma Rousseff em relação à política externa brasileira adotada e os efeitos causados nos resultados da balança comercial e do produto interno bruto. A pesquisa que lhe deu suporte foi exploratória e a coleta de dados foi proveniente do Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizado o método qualitativo, tendo os resultados revelado que: desde a adoção da estratégia neoliberal houve pouca mudança na política macroeconômica; ações e atividades da política externa brasileira não interferem de forma significativa nos resultados da balança comercial e do produto interno bruto; resultados da balança comercial e do produto interno bruto dependem de outros fatores como economia interna, cotação do dólar e situação da economia externa.  Palavras-chave: Política externa brasileira; Produto Interno Bruto; Balança Comercial.     Abstract: This article deals about of analyze the governments periods of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luís Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff in relation with the adopted Brazilian foreign policy and the effects on trade balance and gross domestic product  . The research that gives support was exploratory and the collect dates of dependents variable, trade balance and Gross domestic product was from Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior and Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. For the handling of the dates was use the qualitative technique describing the studied phenomenon, having the results of: Since the adoption of neoliberal strategy had little change on macroeconomic policy; Actions and activities of Brazilian foreign policy does not intervene significantly on trade balance and gross domestic product results; Trade balance and gross domestic product results depends of others factors as domestic economy, dollar hate and foreign economy situation. Key words: Foreign policy; Gross Domestic Product; Trade Balance.     Recebido em: maio/2016Aprovado em: setembro/2016  

A study of the tourist potential of Аntalya coast in turkey

10.12737/7473 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ирина Куксова ◽  
Irina Kuksova ◽  
Дарья Певнева ◽  
Darya Pevneva
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Historical Heritage

In many countries, tourism plays an important role in the creation of gross domestic product, the formation of additional jobs and providing local employment, activation of the foreign trade balance, has a significant impact on key sectors of the economy. The article focuses on Turkey, with its amazing tourist potential and ancient history. Turkey has a unique tourist and recreational potential, on its territory there are important natural resources, historical heritage objects. Described are the main tourist areas of Antalya - Alanya, Side, Belek, Aksu, Kemer, Beldibi, Goynuk, Kiris, Camyuva, Tekirova, each district has its own distinctive features, and some of them should be given special attention.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF EXPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BOSNIA AND HERCEGOVINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Gojković ◽  
Milenko Krajišnik ◽  
Sonja Josipović ◽  
Sanja Popović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Production Structure ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
The Subject

The importance of foreign trade and its impact on the economic growth have been the subject of numerous studies. There is no doubt that exports have a multiplier effect on the growth of gross domestic product, but economists are constantly interested in what the foreign trade multiplier is and why it is not higher. This paper deals with the analysis of foreign trade of Bosnia and Herzegovina, its geographical and production structure and concentration, as well as the causes of high and continuous deficits. The analysis indicates potential opportunities to improve the poor production structure of foreign trade and ways in which foreign trade, and especially exports, could increase in order to improve the foreign trade balance. The analysis is especially focused on determining the foreign trade multiplier, and the results show the great importance of exports for economic growth. It also aims to emphasise how to improve export potential of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the future.

scholarly journals Twin Deficit Phenomena in the Two Government Eras in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ghafur Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Current Account Deficit ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Balance Deficit

The aim of this study is to analyze the development of the budget deficit and current account deficit in Indonesia in the era of President SBY and President Jokowi and to compare between the two eras. This study also analyzes the relationship of twin deficits to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the interest rate (r). The analytical tool used was independent t-test (for comparison) and Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR). The data used comes from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), 2004:Q1-2018: Q3. The result showed that the budget deficit was the same in the two eras of government, but the trade balance deficit in the era of President Jokowi was far higher than before. The budget deficit has a significant effect on the trade balance deficit but does not apply otherwise (no causality). Variable gross domestic product and interest rates significantly influence both types of deficits.

scholarly journals FOREIGN CAPITAL INFLOWS AND MANUFACTURING SECTOR GROWTH IN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 235-260
Author(s):  
Idris Ahmed Sani ◽  
Ajengbe Abidemi Samuel ◽  
Wada Emmanuel Ome
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Foreign Capital Inflows ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The study examined the impact of foreign capital inflow on manufacturing sector growth in Nigeria using time series data from 1986 to 2019. The study specifically sought to examine the causal relationship between foreign capital inflows and the growth of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria in the long run The study employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation technique to account for the impact of foreign capital inflows on the manufacturing sector growth in Nigeria. The study utilized the Contribution of Manufacturing Sector to Gross Domestic Product (MGDP) as proxy for manufacturing sector growth. Manufacturing sector growth was the dependent variable while foreign direct investment (FDI), foreign portfolio investment (FPI) and foreign Aid (FOA) were the independent variables, and were regarded as proxies for foreign capital inflows. The study results revealed that foreign capital inflows through the FDI had a significant positive impact on contributions of the manufacturing sector to gross domestic product (GDP). The study also revealed that foreign capital inflows through the FPI had a significant positive impact on contributions of the manufacturing sector to the GDP. The study further revealed that foreign capital inflows through the FOA had a significant positive impact on contributions of the manufacturing sector to the GDP. Based on these findings, the study has recommended that the Nigerian government should promote foreign capital inflows through the FDI in order to achieve the desired level of manufacturing sector growth in the country’s economy in the long run. The government should also encourage foreign capital inflows through the FPI in order to attain the desired level of manufacturing sector growth in the Nigerian economy. Finally, the government should also support foreign capital inflows through the FOA in order to attain the desired level of manufacturing sector growth in the Nigerian economy in the long run.

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