The More Ethnic the Face, the More Important the Race: A Closer Look at Colorism and Employment Opportunities among Middle Eastern Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 016059762093288
Author(s):  
Ahzin Bahraini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Middle Eastern Women ◽  
Middle Eastern Population ◽  
The Face ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Middle Easterners

Colorism is the intra- and interracial discrimination an individual experiences based on one’s phenotype. Current research focused on colorism among black Americans has found that “dark-skinned blacks have lower levels of education, income, and job status” in the United States. As bias against Middle Easterners rises in the United States, current research regarding this population is scarce. In the context of today’s political climate, the term Muslim has become a misnomer to refer to the Middle Eastern population, with the term Islamophobia specifically referring to Middle Easterners regardless of their religion rather than individuals from regions of the world who practice Islam. Participants ordered job applicants in terms of who they would hire, followed by interviews. Through 16 semi-structured interviews, this project identifies what participants believe are phenotypically Middle Eastern and Muslim facial features. Throughout the study, participants preferred to hire lighter Middle Eastern women.

Gender Diaspora and International Women's Movements

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-82
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Gender Studies ◽  
Real World ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women's Movements ◽  
Middle Eastern Women ◽  
Diaspora Politics ◽  
Affective Impact

This chapter outlines the psychological or affective characterizations of diaspora in relation to gender. The chapter provides a brief literature review in gender studies and diaspora, including the concept of intersectionality. The chapter discusses the #MeToo movement in terms of women feeling like strangers in their own homes (or homelands) as well as from a traditional diasporic definition features ethnographical research in the form of interviews with Middle Eastern women who inhabit the Muslim diaspora in the United States. The interviews are used to highlight real-world experiences of diaspora and the affective impact of diaspora politics, and the building of diasporic networks.

scholarly journals Exploring the Influence of Student Affairs on Adjustment and Adaptation for Indonesian Graduate Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1010-1029
Author(s):  
David J. Nguyen ◽  
Jay B. Larson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Student Affairs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Religiously Affiliated ◽  
College Life ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Functional Areas

This qualitative study explored the influence of student affairs on academic adjustment and adaptation for 10 Indonesian graduate students at a single campus. Semi-structured interviews explored student affairs’ role in adaptation and transition to collegiate life in the United States. Analyses illuminated ways in which participants experienced disequilibrium attending U.S. institutions arising from pre-arrival constructed images of college life in the United States. Student affairs functional areas disrupted these stereotypes for students and devised strategies for Indonesian students to feel more welcomed and included. Study participants described the importance of culturally-relevant student organizations, inclusive environments, and religiously affiliated centers in their adjustment. The article concludes with practical implications for student affairs professionals and higher education institutions.

scholarly journals Where to Retire? Experiences of Older African Immigrants in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 455-455
Author(s):  
Manka Nkimbeng ◽  
Alvine Akumbom ◽  
Marianne Granbom ◽  
Sarah Szanton ◽  
Tetyana Shippee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
African Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Sociocultural Environment ◽  
Decision Making Factors ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The needs and conceptualization of age-friendliness likely vary for immigrant older adults compared to native-born older adults. For example, Hispanic immigrant older adults often return to their home country following the development of ill health. Doubling in size since the 1970’s, the aging needs of African immigrants are not fully understood. This qualitative study examined experiences of aging and retirement planning for African immigrant older adults in the United States (U.S.). Specifically, it explored the factors, processes, and ultimate decision of where these older adults planned to retire. We analyzed semi-structured interviews with 15 older African immigrants in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan area. Data were analyzed using thematic analyses in NVivo. The majority of participants were women, with a mean age of 64. We identified three overarching themes with ten sub-themes. The themes included: 1) cultural identity: indicating participant’s comfort with the U.S. society and culture; 2) decision making: factors that impact participants' choice of retirement location, and 3) decision made: the final choice of where participants would like to retire. Age-friendliness for immigrant older adults in the U.S. is complex and it includes the traditional domains such as physical and sociocultural environment (e.g. housing, transportation, and income). However, immigrant age-friendliness also needs to include wider contextual aspects such as political climate in their country of origin, immigrant status, family responsibilities, and acculturation in the U.S. More research is needed understand and facilitate age-friendly environments for transnational immigrant older adults.

scholarly journals Arab Diaspora Women

1970 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Eugene Sensenig-Dabbous
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
North African ◽  
Middle Eastern Women ◽  
Women And Girls

Portraying the lives of North African and Middle Eastern women and girls in places as diverse as Argentina, Canada, France, India, and the United States accentuates the artificiality of the concept "Arab diaspora." As many of the articles in this file point out, a constructed sense of group identity was initially externally imposed. It was based more on the defining power of host societies than on any common denominators easily recognized by the respective Arab immigrant communities themselves.

Middle Eastern Migrants in the Philippines: Entrepreneurs and Cultural Brokers

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Gervase Clarence-Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Export Trade ◽  
Cultural Brokers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Leisure Industry ◽  
Middle Easterners

AbstractThe Philippines deviated from the usual Southeast Asian pattern of Hadhrami Arab dominance among Middle Easterners. Despite the influence of Muslim Arabs in the Islamic southwest, the predominant community initially consisted of Armenians, and then of immigrants from Ottoman Syria from the 1880s. Coming via Latin America, the United States, or Asian entrepôts, most of these "Syrians" were Christians from modern Lebanon. They, however, included substantial Muslim Druze and Oriental Jewish minorities, and some came from Syria proper, Palestine, and even further a field. They formed the largest twentieth-century Syro-Lebanese community in Monsoon Asia. Some Middle Easterners became Filipino citizens, speaking either Spanish or English, others emigrated to the USA or Australia, and yet others went home. Their main contribution to the Philippines was economic. Initially peddlers and small shopkeepers, they moved into real estate, agriculture, mining, the leisure industry, the professions, the import-export trade, embroidery for export to the USA and, after independence, manufacturing for the local market.

Ethnicity, Race, and Religion beyond Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish Whites

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stephen Warner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Secular Culture ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cultural Status

As argued by Will Herberg in the 1950s, religion remains a key to the incorporation of minority groups in America, notwithstanding—indeed, precisely because of—the fact that post-1965 immigrants to the United States have been overwhelmingly nonwhites of non-European origin. In contrast to the increasingly secular culture of Europe, the cultures of the Asian, Middle Eastern, Latin American, and African countries of origin of most of today’s immigrants remain highly religious (with the exception of China). In the face of racial prejudice, Hindus from India; Muslims from South Asia, the Middle East, and elsewhere; Protestants from Korea; and Catholics from Mexico are among the minorities who avail themselves of the constitutional rights and cultural status accorded to religious (more than to racial or ethnic) identities specifically in the United States to become accepted members of the community.

scholarly journals A Review of Barriers to Treating Domestic Violence for Middle Eastern Women Living in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Balice ◽  
◽  
Shayne Aquino ◽  
Shelly Baer ◽  
Mallory Behar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Middle Eastern Women

Verán ustedes las chozas más humildes. El discurso de pobreza en la diplomacia pública cardenista dirigida a Estados Unidos

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-281
Author(s):  
Sylvia Dümmer Scheel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lazaro Cardenas ◽  
The New Deal

El artículo analiza la diplomacia pública del gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas centrándose en su opción por publicitar la pobreza nacional en el extranjero, especialmente en Estados Unidos. Se plantea que se trató de una estrategia inédita, que accedió a poner en riesgo el “prestigio nacional” con el fin de justificar ante la opinión pública estadounidense la necesidad de implementar las reformas contenidas en el Plan Sexenal. Aprovechando la inusual empatía hacia los pobres en tiempos del New Deal, se construyó una imagen específica de pobreza que fuera higiénica y redimible. Ésta, sin embargo, no generó consenso entre los mexicanos. This article analyzes the public diplomacy of the government of Lázaro Cárdenas, focusing on the administration’s decision to publicize the nation’s poverty internationally, especially in the United States. This study suggests that this was an unprecedented strategy, putting “national prestige” at risk in order to explain the importance of implementing the reforms contained in the Six Year Plan, in the face of public opinion in the United States. Taking advantage of the increased empathy felt towards the poor during the New Deal, a specific image of hygienic and redeemable poverty was constructed. However, this strategy did not generate agreement among Mexicans.

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