Failure to Grow Up, Failure to Pay? Parents’ Views of Conflict Over Money With Their Emerging Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-382
Author(s):  
Katie Lowe ◽  
Jeffrey J. Arnett
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Financial Socialization ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Parental Concerns ◽  
Intergenerational Ambivalence ◽  
Relationship Factors

Grounded in the theoretical frameworks of emerging adulthood and intergenerational ambivalence, parental concerns about their child’s attainment of adulthood was investigated as the focal predictor of the likelihood of monetary conflict between American parents and emerging adults. A national sample of 791 parents (51% female; 73% White) of emerging adults (18-29 years old) completed surveys. Results showed that 43% of parents experienced monetary conflict with their emerging adult, and one in five were “very concerned” that their child would not attain adulthood. Additionally, the odds of monetary conflict were 3.11 times higher when parents endorsed greater concerns about attaining adulthood (e.g., might never become fully adult). This association was the strongest beyond key demographic, parental well-being, and parent–emerging adult relationship factors. Findings help illuminate the basis of monetary conflict in emerging adulthood and indicate parents’ fears of “failure to launch” may have very real consequences, suggesting implications for financial socialization.

From Piggy Banks to Significant Others: Associations Between Financial Socialization and Romantic Relationship Flourishing in Emerging Adulthood

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110575
Author(s):  
Ashley B. LeBaron-Black ◽  
Matthew T. Saxey ◽  
Toby M. Driggs ◽  
Melissa A. Curran
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Financial Socialization ◽  
Financial Outcomes ◽  
Financial Behaviors ◽  
Relationship Outcomes

While a plethora of research has found that parent financial socialization during childhood and adolescence is linked with financial outcomes in emerging adulthood, recent literature suggests that financial socialization may also impact romantic relationship outcomes in emerging adulthood. Utilizing a sample of 1,950 U.S. emerging adults, we test whether retrospectively recalled parent financial socialization is associated with romantic relationship flourishing and whether this association is mediated by financial behaviors and financial distress. We found that financial socialization was positively associated with financial behaviors and relationship flourishing and was negatively associated with financial distress. Further, financial behaviors partially mediated the association between financial socialization and relationship flourishing, while financial distress did not mediate the association. Together with previous literature, these findings provide useful information for therapists and educators in their pursuit to promote robust parent financial socialization in childhood and adolescence and both financial and relational well-being in emerging adulthood.

Romantic Relationships and the Transition to Work

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-124
Author(s):  
José F. Domene ◽  
Sarah M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Transition To Work ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Factors

In this chapter, the authors address intersections between romantic relationship factors and the transition to work experience. They briefly summarize the nature of romantic relationships during emerging adulthood and then review research conducted around the world, which reveals that these two aspects of a person’s life are closely intertwined during emerging adulthood. They describe the ways romantic relationship development and career development have been found to influence each other and the concerns that many emerging adults have about balancing their goals in these two areas of life. Drawing on this literature, they make several recommendations for practitioners who are assisting emerging adults to make an optimal transition to work in the context of their romantic relationships. Finally, the authors use a case study, drawn from research conducted by the first author, to illustrate how the principles discussed in this review can manifest in the lives of one emerging adult couple.

scholarly journals Are perceptions of grandparenthood related to family and life satisfaction? A study with emerging adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752098115
Author(s):  
Isabel Miguel ◽  
Alexandra M. Araújo ◽  
Sandra Fernandes ◽  
Luísa Carneiro ◽  
Paula Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Satisfaction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Adult Grandchildren

Given the crucial role that grandparents play in the upbringing and well-being of their grandchildren, research regarding the perceived importance of grandparents for their emerging adult grandchildren is of particular relevance. This study examined the relations between perceived grandparents’ roles and family and life satisfaction in Portuguese emerging adults. Participants (N = 387), aged 18–25, completed a structured self-report questionnaire. Findings of structural equation modeling showed that emerging adults’ perceptions of grandparental roles of counselor, enjoying the relationship, and indulgence are positively related to their family and life satisfaction. The mediation analysis showed that family satisfaction mediated the relation between perceptions of grandparents acting as counselors and the life satisfaction of emerging adult grandchildren. Implications of family relationships and grandparenting in the context of emerging adulthood are discussed.

Parenting Practices and Emerging Adult Well-Being in the United States and China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Su ◽  
Alyssa McElwain ◽  
Xi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Helicopter Parenting ◽  
Two Samples

Parenting practices that promote or inhibit autonomy in their emerging adult child can impact the well-being of emerging adults. This study explored a variety of parenting practices and how these practices impact emerging adult well-being across two cultures. Associations between parental support, involvement, helicopter parenting, and psychological control and emerging adults’ well-being were compared between two samples of participants ages 18-25: American ( n = 643) and Chinese ( n = 514). Results indicate that parental support can promote well-being among emerging adults, but autonomy-limiting practices of psychological control and helicopter parenting seem to be unfavorable for emerging adults regardless of culture. Differences in reported mean levels of the four parenting practices were observed across the two culturally specific samples; however, the strength of associations between practices and emerging adult well-being was not statistically different.

Factors Related to Phone Snubbing Behavior in Emerging Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Benvenuti ◽  
Agata Błachnio ◽  
Aneta Małgorzata Przepiorka ◽  
Vesela Miroslavova Daskalova ◽  
Elvis Mazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Online Study

Smartphones are a fundamental part of emerging adults' life. The aim of this chapter is to determine which factors play a role in “phubbing” during emerging adulthood as well as to propose and test a model of this phenomenon. We tested a model of relations between phubbing, self-esteem, self-control, well-being, and internet addiction. The following measures were used: the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS), the Flourishing Scale, the Internet Addiction Scale, and the Phubbing Scale. The participants in the online study were 640 Italian emerging adults (526 females and 114 males), ranging in age from 18 to 29 (M = 21.7, SD = 2.18). The results showed that the model was well fitted, particularly in postulating that a decrease in the level of self-control is related to an increase in Internet addiction, that an increase in Internet addiction increases the probability of phubbing behavior, and that the level of self-esteem and well-being do not affect Internet addiction. Gender differences, in favor of males, occurred only in self-esteem.

scholarly journals Well-Being and Romantic Relationships: A Systematic Review in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Gómez-López ◽  
Carmen Viejo ◽  
Rosario Ortega-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescence and emerging adulthood are both stages in which romantic relationships play a key role in development and can be a source of both well-being and negative outcomes. However, the limited number of studies prior to adulthood, along with the multiplicity of variables involved in the romantic context and the considerable ambiguity surrounding the construct of well-being, make it difficult to reach conclusions about the relationship between the two phenomena. This systematic review synthesizes the results produced into this topic over the last three decades. A total of 112 studies were included, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. On the one hand, these works revealed the terminological heterogeneity in research on well-being and the way the absence of symptoms of illness are commonly used to measure it, while on the other hand, they also showed that romantic relationships can be an important source of well-being for both adolescents and emerging adults. The findings underline the importance of providing a better definition of well-being, as well as to attribute greater value to the significance of romantic relationships. Devoting greater empirical, educational, and community efforts to romantic development in the stages leading up to adulthood are considered necessary actions in promoting the well-being of young people.

On the Horizon

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Willoughby ◽  
Jason S. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Marital Transitions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
Theory Research ◽  
Age Of Marriage

This chapter overviews marriage formation patterns and beliefs about marriage during emerging adulthood. Although marriage is no longer a transition occurring during emerging adulthood for many individuals, this chapter describes how marriage still has an important impact on emerging adult development and trajectories. The authors first note the major international demographic shifts in marriage that have occurred among emerging adults over the past several decades. They then highlight how research findings on beliefs about marriage have offered evidence that how emerging adults perceive their current or future marital transitions is strongly associated with other decisions during emerging adulthood. The chapter overviews major theoretical advancements in this area including marital paradigm theory and marital horizon theory. Research is summarized focusing on the age of marriage to highlight and discuss how marriage during emerging adulthood may impact well-being. Suggestions are provided for future directions of research in this area of scholarship.

scholarly journals The Interplay of Self–Certainty and Prosocial Development in the Transition from Late Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Crocetti ◽  
Silvia Moscatelli ◽  
Jolien Van der Graaff ◽  
Monica Rubini ◽  
Wim Meeus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Reciprocal Effect ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Over Time

The transition from late adolescence to emerging adulthood is a period of the life span that offers young people the possibility to consolidate their self–certainty and prosociality. Both aspects are of core importance for increasing personal and societal well–being. The purpose of this longitudinal study was twofold: (i) to examine patterns of change and stability in self–concept clarity and prosociality; and (ii) to unravel over time associations between these constructs in the transition from late adolescence to emerging adulthood. In addressing both aims, we explored the moderating effects of gender. Participants were 244 Dutch emerging adults (46% male; mean age at T1 = 16.73 years) who completed six waves of data collection (mean age at T6 = 22.7 years). Findings highlighted that (i) self–concept clarity developed nonlinearly, with an initial decline from T1 to T2 followed by an increase thereafter, while prosociality increased linearly over time and both self–concept clarity and prosociality were characterized by high rank–order consistency; (ii) self–concept clarity and prosociality were positively related over time, with the effect of prosociality on self–concept clarity being stronger than the reciprocal effect of self–concept clarity on prosociality. Gender differences were detected in mean levels of self–concept clarity and prosociality (male participants reported higher self–concept clarity and lower prosociality than female participants) but not in their developmental pathways nor in their reciprocal associations. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Emerging Adults and Social Distancing During COVID-19: Who Was More Likely to Follow Guidelines and What Were the Correlates With Well-Being and Weight-Related Behaviors?

2021 ◽  
pp. 216769682110514
Author(s):  
Jerica M. Berge ◽  
Nicole Larson ◽  
Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Social Distancing

The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence, predictors, and psychosocial well-being (depressive symptoms, stress) and weight-related behavior (eating behaviors, physical activity, and sedentary behavior) correlates of social distancing during COVID-19 among emerging adults. A rapid-response survey was sent to participants ( n=720; mean age=24.7 ± 2.0 years, 62% female) in a population-based cohort study in Minnesota during April–October 2020. Half of emerging adults reported fully social distancing. Emerging adults from White backgrounds were least likely to social distance while those from Asian backgrounds were most likely to social distance, in addition to those living with a parent. Females who partially/did not social distance reported less healthy eating behaviors, while males and “essential workers” reported higher levels of psychosocial distress. Public health messaging and practical supports for social distancing may need to be made more relevant to emerging adults during public health crises. Resources may need to differ depending on sex of emerging adult.

scholarly journals The 5Cs of Positive Youth Development, Purpose in Life, Hope, and Well-Being Among Emerging Adults in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Ba’yah Abdul Kadir ◽  
Rusyda Helma Mohd
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Positive Youth Development ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Positive Development

A substantial body of evidence supports Lerner and colleagues’ 5Cs model of positive youth development (PYD) in the United States (U.S.). Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether the 5Cs can be used to identify positive development in the under-researched Asian contexts, such as Malaysia. Thus, this study examined the 5Cs of PYD (competence, confidence, character, connection, and caring) and their importance to purpose in life, hope, and well-being in a sample of emerging adult undergraduate university students in Malaysia. Data were collected from 400 participants from 15 Malaysian universities (132 males, 268 females; ages ranged from 18 to 26 years old, M = 22). A hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that two of the 5Cs of PYD (confidence and connection) as well as hope were important to explaining variation in well-being. The findings imply that there are strong links between PYD, especially confidence and connection, and well-being, while purpose in life and hope were indirectly related to the 2Cs (confidence and connection) of PYD and well-being. Therefore, mental health professionals are encouraged to review and redefine their treatment design to include confidence, connection, purpose in life and hope when working with Malaysian emerging adult university students.

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